- Nigeria
usman Adamu
Bayero University, Kano, Microbiology, Graduate Student
- A young microbiologist with zeal of unlocking many wonders and knowledge of Medical Microbiology.edit
Phytochemical screening by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Gas ChromatographyMass Spectrometry (GCMS) of crude aqueous extract of stem bark of B. dalzielii was performed... more
Phytochemical screening by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Gas ChromatographyMass Spectrometry (GCMS) of crude aqueous extract of stem bark of B. dalzielii was performed and its antimicrobial activity on Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella typhi and Candida albicans was evaluated. The result of HPLC analysis revealed 10 components with major ones at peaks 3, 2, 4, 5, 8 and 6 with peak areas of 33.43%, 13.75%, 13.43%, 9.35%, 8.53% and 8.50% respectively; FT-IR revealed 18 functional groups which included amines, amides, ,β–unsaturated aldehydes, ketones, alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, alkyl halides, aromatics, aromatic and aliphatic amines; while the GCMS revealed 9 compounds with major ones as nHexadecanoic acid, Stearic acid, 9-Hexadecenoic acid, 1,E-11,Z-13-Octadecatriene with peak areas of...
Cassia occidentalis is an important medicinal herb in traditional healthcare practice and has been reported for various biological activities. The objective of the present study was to analyze the antibacterial potentials and toxicity... more
Cassia occidentalis is an important medicinal herb in traditional healthcare practice and has been reported for various biological activities. The objective of the present study was to analyze the antibacterial potentials and toxicity study of cassia occidentalis leave extracts against clinical isolates of salmonella species. C. occidentalis leaves were extracted successively with ethanol, water and methanol as solvent using soxhlet apparatus. The extracts were obtained through rotary evaporator. The extracts were tested in vitro for activity against clinical isolates of Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi A and Salmonella paratyphi B using agar well diffusion and broth dilution methods. The zones of inhibition, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined. The extracts toxicity was investigated using brine shrimp lethality bioassay. The experiments were performed in triplicate and data was analyzed statistically. The in ...
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This study was designed to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern of Salmonella spp. isolated from clinical samples of symptomatic and asymptomatic typhoid patients, selected from some hospitals in Jigawa State, Nigeria. Four hundred... more
This study was designed to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern of Salmonella spp. isolated from clinical samples of symptomatic and asymptomatic typhoid patients, selected from some hospitals in Jigawa State, Nigeria. Four hundred bacterial isolates were recovered from these samples, were identified as; Salmonella typhimurium, S. enteritidis, S. typhi, S. paratyphi A, and S. paratyphi B using microgen biochemical system, according to the standard techniques. The antibiogram of all these Salmonella spp. were carried out using standard oxoid disc of different antibiotics. Double disc diffusion technique was employed to determine the isolates' capacity to produce β-lactamase. Results showed 5(1.25%), 0(0.0%), 0(0.0%) of the samples collected were positive for extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL), AmpC β-lactamase, and Metallo β-lactamases (MBL), respectively. The antibiogram profile of the isolates showed that 100% of these isolates are susceptible to Imipenem, only 3% exhibited resistance to ceftriaxone, whereas 7% demonstrated resistance to ciprofloxacin. To the best of our knowledge, this the first study of this kind in the Jigawa state, especially on these Salmonella spp. The study concluded that β-lactamases with the capacity of conferring multidrug resistance were recorded in Salmonella spp. isolated from patients in several hospitals of Jigawa State, Nigeria.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
The study was carried out to determine the antibacterial potential of Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaves against clinical isolates of salmonella species. The E. camaldulensis leaves were extracted separately and successively with ethanol,... more
The study was carried out to determine the antibacterial potential of Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaves against clinical isolates of salmonella species. The E. camaldulensis leaves were extracted separately and successively with ethanol, water and methanol using percolation method. The extracts were tested in vitro for activity against clinical isolates of Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi using agar well diffusion and broth dilution methods. The zones of inhibition, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined. The in vitro antimicrobial screening revealed that the extract exhibited varying activities against S. typhi and S. paratyphi A and S. paratyphi B with zones of inhibition ranging from 7mm-24mm, MIC ranging from 62.5µg/ml-125µg/ml and MBC of 125µg/ml-500µg/ml. The highest activity observed with E. camaldulensis leaves extract was 24mm against S. paratyphi A. MIC of 62.5µg/ml against S.typhi, and MBC of 125µg/ml against, S. paratyphi A and S. paratyphi B. The activities observed were due to the presence of the secondary metabolites like, alkaloids, anthraquinones, sterols, glycosides, saponins, and terpenes detected in the plant.The toxicity study carried out revealed that the highest value for LD50 of 1308.872 which shows non toxic property was in E.camaldulensis leaves aqueous extractagainst hatched brine shrimps. All extracts shows activity against the test organism depending on the concentration of the extract.
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Cassia occidentalis is an important medicinal herb in traditional healthcare practice and has been reported for various biological activities. The objective of the present study was to analyze the antibacterial potentials and toxicity... more
Cassia occidentalis is an important medicinal herb in traditional healthcare practice and has been reported for various biological activities. The objective of the present study was to analyze the antibacterial potentials and toxicity study of cassia occidentalis leave extracts against clinical isolates of salmonella species. C. occidentalis leaves were extracted successively with ethanol, water and methanol as solvent using soxhlet apparatus. The extracts were obtained through rotary evaporator. The extracts were tested in vitro for activity against clinical isolates of Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi A and Salmonella paratyphi B using agar well diffusion and broth dilution methods. The zones of inhibition, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined. The extracts toxicity was investigated using brine shrimp lethality bioassay. The experiments were performed in triplicate and data was analyzed statistically. The in vitro antimicrobial screening revealed that the extracts exhibited varying activities against the different isolates of Salmonella typhi, S. paratyphi A and S. paratyphi B. with zones of inhibition ranging from 7 mm-23 mm, MIC ranging from 62.5 µg/ml-125 µg/ml and MBC of 125 µg/ml-500 µg/ml, The highest activity observed in Cassia occidentalis extracts was 23 mm with methanolic extract against S. paratyphi A and S. paratyphi B. MIC of 62.5 µg/ml and MBC of 125 µg/ml against Salmonella typhi, S. paratyphi A and S. paratyphi B. The activities observed might be due to the presence of the secondary metabolites like, alkaloids, anthraquinones, sterols, glycosides, saponins, terpenes and flavonoids detected in the plant. The toxicity study carried out revealed that the highest value for LD50 shows nontoxic property in extract was 191.639 µg/ml in the aqueous extract while the lowest was LD50 of 30.765 µg/ml which shows high toxic property observed in methanolic extract. The study also showed that C. occidentalis leave is a potential source of antimicrobial compound and has potential use for health benefits.
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Leaves of Psidium guajava was extracted with water, ethanol and chloroform using percolation technique. The extracts were subjected to thin layer chromatography, bioactivity and toxicity studies as well as GC-MS analysis. The TLC... more
Leaves of Psidium guajava was extracted with water, ethanol and chloroform using percolation technique. The extracts were subjected to thin layer chromatography, bioactivity and toxicity studies as well as GC-MS analysis. The TLC chromatogram revealed 3, 4 and 6 bands respectively for the water, ethanolic and chloroform extracts. Contact bio extracts against the tested bacteria showed that, out of the thirteen (13) fractions tested only one (1) showed activity on the test bacteria (Rf3).The fraction was active against all the tested bacteria with strong zones of inhibition against S. Paratyph against S. Typhi. S. typhi showed slight sensitivity, S. paratyphi moderately sensitive, while S. paratyphi B showed strong sensitivity. the extracts were toxic in the order of chloroform extracts ethanolic extracts (39.903µg/mL) was conducted on the most active fraction (Rf3).In the total ion chromatograms (TI constituents including fatty acids, heterocyclic compounds and esters among others were found. The major constituents successfully matched and identified were Oleic acid (Peak 6, 35.56% peak area), Palmitic acid (Peak 2, 20.26% peak area)and were all r
Research Interests:
This study was designed to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern of Salmonella spp. isolated from clinical samples of symptomatic and asymptomatic typhoid patients, selected from some hospitals in Jigawa State, Nigeria. Four hundred... more
This study was designed to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern of Salmonella spp. isolated from clinical samples of symptomatic and asymptomatic typhoid patients, selected from some hospitals in Jigawa State, Nigeria. Four hundred bacterial isolates were recovered from these samples, were identified as; Salmonella typhimurium, S. enteritidis, S. typhi, S. paratyphi A, and S. paratyphi B using microgen biochemical system, according to the standard techniques. The antibiogram of all these Salmonella spp. were carried out using standard oxoid disc of different antibiotics. Double disc diffusion technique was employed to determine the isolates' capacity to produce β-lactamase. Results showed 5(1.25%), 0(0.0%), 0(0.0%) of the samples collected were positive for extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL), AmpC β-lactamase, and Metallo β-lactamases (MBL), respectively. The antibiogram profile of the isolates showed that 100% of these isolates are susceptible to Imipenem, only 3% exhibited resistance to ceftriaxone, whereas 7% demonstrated resistance to ciprofloxacin. To the best of our knowledge, this the first study of this kind in the Jigawa state, especially on these Salmonella spp. The study concluded that β-lactamases with the capacity of conferring multidrug resistance were recorded in Salmonella spp. isolated from patients in several hospitals of Jigawa State, Nigeria.