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Authors: Hoffmann, C.F.E. | Choufoer, H. | Marani, E. | Thomeer, R.T.W.M.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The ventral cervical 7th root was avulsed from the adult cat spinal cord and the reaction of the torn axons in the underlying white matter was studied by light microscopy using histochemical staining for acetylcholinesterase and immunocytochemical staining for neurofilament and by electron microscopy, after different survival times. One day postoperatively some of the torn axonal ends were enlarged in the intraspinal trajectory of the root fibers in the white matter between the ventral horn and the pial surface as observed by acetylcholinesterase staining. The formation of terminal clubs had accordingly started at this postlesional survival time. From day 2, …terminal clubs positive to neurofilament antibody were found. The number of terminal clubs increased during the first 4 days after the avulsion, remained present at 30 days and then disappeared gradually during the next months. One such unmyelinated axonal terminal club was studied at the ultrastructural level. From its distal end an unmyelinated protrusion emanated which appeared myelinated on the most distal part. This protrusion may be the ultrastructural parallel of the ramifications from terminal axonal clubs described by Ramon Y Cajal after avulsion. Show more

Keywords: Ventral root, Avulsion, Terminal club, Regeneration, Degeneration, Ultrastructure

DOI: 10.3233/RNN-1991-245607

Citation: Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience, vol. 2, no. 4-6, pp. 205-210, 1991

Authors: Hoffmann, C.F.E. | Marani, E. | Oestreicher, A.B. | Thomeer, R.T.W.M.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: The results of unilateral ventral root avulsions at the cervical 7 (C7) level were compared using light microscopy with unilateral transactions of the ventral root C7 at the surface of the cat spinal cord after survival times ranging from one to 90 days. Sections were stained for Nissl, acetylcholinesterase, neurofilaments, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and B-50/GA P43. A distinct difference in neuronal reaction was found between the effects of avulsion and transection of ventral root C7. After avulsion, changes in the Nissl-and acetylcholinesterase-stained sections and the sections stained with antibodies against neurofilaments remained present up to 90 days, although the …number of neurons in the ventral horn on the avulsed side had significantly decreased at 60 and 90 days. This was in contrast to the transection where the changes in the stainings tended to return to the normal situation between 30 and 60 days and showed the normal pattern 90 days after transection. No decrease in the number of neurons was found. Both lesions were situated in the transitional region of the nerve roots. After avulsion axons break in the white matter of the CNS, while the axons were transected in the PNS compartment of the CNS-PNS transitional region. After avulsion, not only were the axons disconnected, as in transection, but the connections of recurrent motor axon collaterals probably were damaged. This may explain the different reaction after avulsion and transection. Show more

Keywords: Avulsion, Transection, Ventral root, Brachial plexus, Motoneuron

DOI: 10.3233/RNN-1993-5405

Citation: Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 291-302, 1993