Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
skip to main content
research-article

Partitioning and scheduling of task graphs on partially dynamically reconfigurable FPGAs

Published: 01 May 2009 Publication History

Abstract

This paper proposes a new model for the partitioning and scheduling of a specification on partially dynamically reconfigurable hardware. Although this problem can be solved optimally only by tackling its subproblems jointly, the exceeding complexity of such a task leads to a decomposition into two phases. The partitioning phase is based on a new graph-theoretic approach, which aims to obtain near optimality even if performed independently from the subsequent phase. For the scheduling phase, a new integer linear programming formulation and a heuristic approach are developed. Both take into account configuration prefetching and module reuse. The experimental results show that the proposed method compares favorably with existing solutions.

References

[1]
W. Fornaciari and V. Piuri, "Virtual FPGAs: Some steps behind the physical barriers," in Proc. IPPS/SPDP Workshops, 1998, pp. 7-12.
[2]
J. M. P. Cardoso, "On combining temporal partitioning and sharing of functional units in compilation for reconfigurable architectures," IEEE Trans. Comput., vol. 52, no. 10, pp. 1362-1375, Oct. 2003.
[3]
J. M. P. Cardoso and H. C. Neto, "Compilation for FPGA-based reconfigurable hardware," IEEE Des. Test Comput., vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 65-75, Mar./Apr. 2003.
[4]
M. Kaul, R. Vemuri, S. Govindarqjan, and I. Ouaiss, "An automated temporal partitioning and loop fission approach for FPGA based reconfigurable synthesis of DSP applications," in Proc. 36th Annu. Conf. DAC, 1999, pp. 616-622.
[5]
M. Giani, M. Redaelli, M. Santambrogio, and D. Sciuto, "Task partitioning for the scheduling on reconfigurable systems driven by specification self-similarity," in Proc. Int. Conf. ERSA, 2007, pp. 78-84.
[6]
J. Williams and N. Bergmann, "Embedded Linux as a platform for dynamically self-reconfiguring systems-on-chip," in Proc. Int. Conf. Eng. Reconfigurable Syst. Algorithms, T. P. Plaks, Ed., Jun. 2004, pp. 163-169.
[7]
Xilinx, OPB HWICAP Product Specification, Tech. Rep., Mar. 2004. {Online}. Available: http://www.xilinx.com/bvdocs/ipcenter/data_sheet/ opb_hwicap.pdf
[8]
V. Ech, P. Kalra, R. LeBlanc, and J. McManus, "In-circuit partial reconfiguration of RocketIO attributes," Xilinx Inc., San Jose, CA, Tech. Rep. XAPP662, Jan. 2003.
[9]
Xilinx, "Virtex-4 user guide," Xilinx Inc., San Jose, CA, Tech. Rep. ug70, Mar. 2007.
[10]
Xilinx, "Virtex-5 user guide," Xilinx Inc., San Jose, CA, Tech. Rep. ug190, Feb. 2007.
[11]
DRESD Team, 2008. {Online}. Available: http://www.dresd.org
[12]
F. Ferrandi, The PandA Project, 2008. {Online}. Available: http://trac. elet.polimi.it/panda
[13]
X. Yan and J. Han, "Closegraph: Mining closed frequent graph patterns," in Proc. 9th ACM SIGKDD Int. Conf. Knowl. Discov. Data Mining KDD, 2003, pp. 286-295.
[14]
M. J. Zaki, "Efficiently mining frequent trees in a forest: Algorithms and applications," IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng., vol. 17, no. 8, pp. 1021-1035, Aug. 2005.
[15]
S. Bachl and F.-J. Brandenburg, "Computing and drawing isomorphic subgraphs," in Graph Drawing, vol. 2528, S. G. Kobourov and M. T. Goodrich, Eds. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag, 2002, pp. 74-85.
[16]
S. Bachl, F.-J. Brandenburg, and D. Gmach, "Computing and drawing isomorphic subgraphs," J. Graph Algorithms Appl., vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 215-238, 2004.
[17]
P. Brisk, A. Kaplan, R. Kastner, and M. Sarrafzadeh, "Instruction generation and regularity extraction for reconfigurable processors," in Proc. CASES, S. S. Bhattacharyya, T. N. Mudge, W. Wolf, and A. A. Jerraya, Eds., 2002, pp. 262-269.
[18]
S. Bachl, "Isomorphic subgraphs," in Proc. Graph Drawing, 1999, pp. 286-296.
[19]
R. Kastner, A. Kaplan, S. O. Memik, and E. Bozorgzaden, "Instruction generation for hybrid reconfigurable systems," ACM Trans. Des. Autom. Electron. Syst., vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 605-627, Oct. 2002.
[20]
K. Atasu, L. Pozzi, and P. Ienne, "Automatic application-specific instruction-set extensions under microarchitectural constraints," in Proc. 40th DAC, Jun. 2003, pp. 256-261.
[21]
J. Cong, Y. Fan, G. Han, and Z. Zhang, "Application-specific instruction generation for configurable processor architectures," in Proc. 12th Int. Symp. Field Programmable Gate Arrays, Jan. 2004, pp. 183-189.
[22]
S. Fekete, E. Koler, and J. Teich, "Optimal FPGA module placement with temporal precedence constraints," in Proc. Des. Autom. Test Eur., 2001, pp. 658-665.
[23]
S. Banerjee, E. Bozorgzadeh, and N. Dutt, "Physically-aware HW-SW partitioning for reconfigurable architectures with partial dynamic reconfiguration," in Proc. DAC, Jun. 2005, pp. 335-340.
[24]
S. Banerjee, E. Bozorgzadeh, and N. Dutt, "Integrating physical constraints in HW-SW partitioning for architectures with partial dynamic reconfiguration," IEEE Trans. Very Large Scale Integr. (VLSI) Syst., vol. 14, no. 11, pp. 1189-1202, Nov. 2006.
[25]
S. Banerjee and N. Dutt, "Efficient search space exploration for HW-SW partitioning," in Proc. Int. Conf. Hardware/Software Codesign Syst. Synthesis CODES+ISSS, 2004, pp. 122-127.
[26]
K. Jafri, N. Jafri, and S. Khan, "Constraint based temporal partitioning model for partial reconfigurable architectures," in Proc. IEEE INIMIC, 2003, pp. 242-246.
[27]
M. Kaul and R. Vemuri, "Temporal partitioning combined with design space exploration for latency minimization of run-time reconfigured design," in Proc. DATE. Conf. Exhib., 1999, pp. 202-209.
[28]
S. Banerjee, E. Bozorgzadeh, and N. Dutt, "Considering run-time reconfiguration overhead in task graph transformation for dynamically reconfigurable architectures," in Proc. 13th Annu. IEEE Symp. FCCM, 2005, pp. 273-274.
[29]
S. Banerjee, E. Bozorgzadeh, and N. Dutt, "PARLGRAN: Parallelism granularity selection for scheduling task chains on dynamically reconfigurable architectures," in Proc. ASP-DAC, Jan. 2006, pp. 491-496.
[30]
S. Ghiasi and M. Sarrafzadeh, "Optimal reconfiguration sequence management," in Proc. ASP-DAC, 2003, pp. 359-365.
[31]
J. Resano and D. Mozos, "Specific scheduling support to minimize the reconfiguration overhead of dynamically reconfigurable hardware," in Proc. DAC, Jun. 2004, pp. 119-124.
[32]
W. L. Winston, Introduction to Mathematical Programming: Applications and Algorithms. Duxbury, MA: Duxbury Resource Center, 2003.
[33]
J. E. Harlow, "Overview of popular benchmark sets," IEEE Des. Test Comput., vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 15-17, Jul.-Sep. 2000.
[34]
D. Bryan, The ISCAS'85 Benchmark Circuits and Netlist Format. {Online}. Available: http://www.facweb.iitkgp.ernet.in/~isg/TESTING/ bench/iscas85.ps
[35]
{Online}. Available: http://www.ece.vt.edu/mhsiao/iscas89.html
[36]
J. Daemen and V. Rijmen, Aes Proposal: Rijndael. {Online}. Available: http://csrc.nist.gov/archive/aes/rijndael/Rijndael-ammended.pdf
[37]
Data Encryption Standard (DES). {Online}. Available: http://www.itl. nist.gov/fipspubs/fip46-2.htm
[38]
R. Dick, D. Rhodes, and W. Wolf, "TGFF: Task graphs for free," in Proc. Int. Workshop Hardware/Software Codesign, 1998, pp. 97-101. {Online}. Available: citeseer.ist.psu.edu/dick98tgff.html
[39]
A. S. Tanenbaum, G. J. Sharp, and A. De Boelelaan, Modern Operating Systems. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1992.
[40]
R. Narayanan, B. Ozisikyilmaz, J. Zambreno, J. Pisharath, G. Memik, and A. Choudhary, "Minebench: A benchmark suite for data mining workloads," in Proc. IISWC, 2006, pp. 31-36.

Cited By

View all
  • (2023)Task Modules Partitioning, Scheduling and Floorplanning for Partially Dynamically Reconfigurable Systems with Heterogeneous ResourcesACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems10.1145/362529528:6(1-26)Online publication date: 28-Oct-2023
  • (2023)Nimblock: Scheduling for Fine-grained FPGA Sharing through VirtualizationProceedings of the 50th Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture10.1145/3579371.3589095(1-13)Online publication date: 17-Jun-2023
  • (2023)Memory-aware Partitioning, Scheduling, and Floorplanning for Partially Dynamically Reconfigurable SystemsACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems10.1145/353496828:1(1-21)Online publication date: 20-Jan-2023
  • Show More Cited By

Recommendations

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems
IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems  Volume 28, Issue 5
May 2009
168 pages

Publisher

IEEE Press

Publication History

Published: 01 May 2009
Revised: 09 July 2008
Received: 27 November 2007

Author Tags

  1. Field-programmable gate array (FPGA)
  2. field-programmable gate array (FPGA)
  3. partitioning
  4. reconfigurable hardware (HW)
  5. scheduling

Qualifiers

  • Research-article

Contributors

Other Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

  • Downloads (Last 12 months)0
  • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0
Reflects downloads up to 23 Feb 2025

Other Metrics

Citations

Cited By

View all
  • (2023)Task Modules Partitioning, Scheduling and Floorplanning for Partially Dynamically Reconfigurable Systems with Heterogeneous ResourcesACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems10.1145/362529528:6(1-26)Online publication date: 28-Oct-2023
  • (2023)Nimblock: Scheduling for Fine-grained FPGA Sharing through VirtualizationProceedings of the 50th Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture10.1145/3579371.3589095(1-13)Online publication date: 17-Jun-2023
  • (2023)Memory-aware Partitioning, Scheduling, and Floorplanning for Partially Dynamically Reconfigurable SystemsACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems10.1145/353496828:1(1-21)Online publication date: 20-Jan-2023
  • (2022)DML: Dynamic Partial Reconfiguration With Scalable Task Scheduling for Multi-Applications on FPGAsIEEE Transactions on Computers10.1109/TC.2021.313778571:10(2577-2591)Online publication date: 1-Oct-2022
  • (2020)Partitioning and Scheduling with Module Merging on Dynamic Partial Reconfigurable FPGAsACM Transactions on Reconfigurable Technology and Systems10.1145/340370213:3(1-24)Online publication date: 21-Aug-2020
  • (2019)Integrated Optimization of Partitioning, Scheduling, and Floorplanning for Partially Dynamically Reconfigurable SystemsIEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems10.1109/TCAD.2018.288398239:1(199-212)Online publication date: 20-Dec-2019
  • (2018)Exploiting Partial Reconfiguration through PCIe for a Microphone Array Network EmulatorInternational Journal of Reconfigurable Computing10.1155/2018/32146792018Online publication date: 1-Jan-2018
  • (2017)An Integrated Optimization Framework for Partitioning, Scheduling and Floorplanning on Partially Dynamically Reconfigurable FPGAsProceedings of the Great Lakes Symposium on VLSI 201710.1145/3060403.3060447(403-406)Online publication date: 10-May-2017
  • (2017)Reliability Improvement of Hardware Task Graphs via Configuration Early FetchIEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems10.1109/TVLSI.2016.263172425:4(1408-1420)Online publication date: 1-Apr-2017
  • (2016)Task Clustering Approach to Optimize the Scheduling on a Partially Dynamically Reconfigurable FPGAs for image processing algorithmsProceedings of the 10th International Conference on Distributed Smart Camera10.1145/2967413.2974042(230-231)Online publication date: 12-Sep-2016
  • Show More Cited By

View Options

View options

Figures

Tables

Media

Share

Share

Share this Publication link

Share on social media