research-article

Code-Inherent Traffic Shaping for Hard Real-Time Systems

Authors:

Dominic Oehlert,

Heiko FalkAuthors Info & Claims

ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems (TECS), Volume 18, Issue 5s

Article No.: 108, Pages 1 - 21

https://doi.org/10.1145/3358215

Published: 08 October 2019 Publication History

Abstract

Modern hard real-time systems evolved from isolated single-core architectures to complex multi-core architectures which are often connected in a distributed manner. With the increasing influence of interconnections in hard real-time systems, the access behavior to shared resources of single tasks or cores becomes a crucial factor for the system’s overall worst-case timing properties. Traffic shaping is a powerful technique to decrease contention in a network and deliver guarantees on network streams. In this paper we present a novel approach to automatically integrate a traffic shaping behavior into the code of a program for different traffic shaping profiles while being as least invasive as possible. As this approach is solely depending on modifying programs on a code-level, it does not rely on any additional hardware or operating system-based functions.

We show how different traffic shaping profiles can be implemented into programs using a greedy heuristic and an evolutionary algorithm, as well as their influences on the modified programs. It is demonstrated that the presented approaches can be used to decrease worst-case execution times in multi-core systems and lower buffer requirements in distributed systems.

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Cited By

Fu HSun MHe BLi JZhu X(2023)A Survey of Traffic Shaping Technology in Internet of ThingsIEEE Access10.1109/ACCESS.2022.323339411(3794-3809)Online publication date: 2023
https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3233394
Forsberg BSolieri MBertogna MBenini LMarongiu A(2021)The Predictable Execution Model in PracticeACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems10.1145/346537020:5(1-25)Online publication date: 29-Jul-2021
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3465370
Muts KFalk HCucu-Grosjean LMedina RAltmeyer SScharbarg J(2020)Multi-Criteria Function Inlining for Hard Real-Time SystemsProceedings of the 28th International Conference on Real-Time Networks and Systems10.1145/3394810.3394819(56-66)Online publication date: 9-Jun-2020
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3394810.3394819

Index Terms

Code-Inherent Traffic Shaping for Hard Real-Time Systems
1. Computer systems organization
  1. Real-time systems
2. Mathematics of computing
  1. Mathematical analysis
    1. Mathematical optimization
      1. Mixed discrete-continuous optimization
        Bio-inspired optimization
        Integer programming

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Published In

cover image ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems

ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems Volume 18, Issue 5s

Special Issue ESWEEK 2019, CASES 2019, CODES+ISSS 2019 and EMSOFT 2019

October 2019

1423 pages

ISSN:1539-9087

EISSN:1558-3465

DOI:10.1145/3365919

Editor:
Sandeep K. Shukla
Indian Institute of Technology, India

Issue’s Table of Contents

Copyright © 2019 Owner/Author.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike International 4.0 License.

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Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Journal Family

ACM Journals for the Design of Smart and Connected Systems

Publication History

Published: 08 October 2019

Accepted: 01 July 2019

Revised: 01 June 2019

Received: 01 April 2019

Published in TECS Volume 18, Issue 5s

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Cited By

Fu HSun MHe BLi JZhu X(2023)A Survey of Traffic Shaping Technology in Internet of ThingsIEEE Access10.1109/ACCESS.2022.323339411(3794-3809)Online publication date: 2023
https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3233394
Forsberg BSolieri MBertogna MBenini LMarongiu A(2021)The Predictable Execution Model in PracticeACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems10.1145/346537020:5(1-25)Online publication date: 29-Jul-2021
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3465370
Muts KFalk HCucu-Grosjean LMedina RAltmeyer SScharbarg J(2020)Multi-Criteria Function Inlining for Hard Real-Time SystemsProceedings of the 28th International Conference on Real-Time Networks and Systems10.1145/3394810.3394819(56-66)Online publication date: 9-Jun-2020
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3394810.3394819

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