Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
skip to main content
10.1145/3666094.3666108acmotherconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagespdcConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article
Open access

Participatory design that matters – with activism education of children

Published: 29 August 2024 Publication History

Abstract

Inspired by the tradition on participatory design, children have been invited to actively participate in the development of digital technology and to critically approach digital technology and its consequences in their everyday life and society. It has been argued that children's computing education should encourage them to adopt a critical, reflective and constructive stance towards computing. Even if valuable work has been conducted along these lines, there is room for improvement regarding participatory design that ‘matters’. We have enriched children's computing education with participatory design combined with activism education. We showcase how we have done that and outline children's experiences, design outcomes and challenges encountered. We identify ways by which our work entailing participatory design with children can be seen to ‘matter’ and by which the tenets of activism education have been included, but also limitations in both respects. Our insights enable participatory design with children to move towards such that ‘matters’.

References

[1]
Alissa N. Antle, Yumiko Murai, Alexandra Kitson, Yves Candau, Zoe Minh-Tam Dao-Kroeker, and Azadeh Adibi. 2022. “There are a LOT of moral issues with biowearables” ... Teaching Design Ethics through a Critical Making Biowearable Workshop. In Interaction Design and Children (IDC ’22), kesäkuu 2022. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 327–340. https://doi.org/10.1145/3501712.3529717
[2]
Jo Aubrey. 2004. The roots and process of social action. Groupwork 14, 2 (2004), 6–23. https://doi.org/10.1921/gpwk.v14i2.565
[3]
Augusto Boal. 2000. Theatre of the Oppressed. Pluto Press.
[4]
S. Bodker. 1999. Scenarios in user-centred design-setting the stage for reflection and action. In Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Hawaii International Conference on Systems Sciences. 1999. HICSS-32. Abstracts and CD-ROM of Full Papers, January 1999. 11 pp.-. https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.1999.772892
[5]
Susanne Bødker, Christian Dindler, and Ole Sejer Iversen. 2017. Tying Knots: Participatory Infrastructuring at Work. Comput. Support. Coop. Work CSCW 26, 1 (April 2017), 245–273. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10606-017-9268-y
[6]
Susanne Bødker and Morten Kyng. 2018. Participatory Design that Matters—Facing the Big Issues. ACM Trans. Comput.-Hum. Interact. 25, 1 (helmikuu 2018), 4:1-4:31. https://doi.org/10.1145/3152421
[7]
Sharon Lynn Chu, Rebecca Schlegel, Francis Quek, Andrew Christy, and Kaiyuan Chen. 2017. “I Make, Therefore I Am”: The Effects of Curriculum-Aligned Making on Children's Self-Identity. In Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI ’17), May 02, 2017. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 109–120. https://doi.org/10.1145/3025453.3025458
[8]
Merijke Coenraad, Jen Palmer, Diana Franklin, and David Weintrop. 2019. Enacting Identities: Participatory Design as a Context for Youth to Reflect, Project, and Apply Their Emerging Identities. In Proceedings of the 18th ACM International Conference on Interaction Design and Children (IDC ’19), 2019. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 185–196. https://doi.org/10.1145/3311927.3323148
[9]
Melanie Crean. 2013. Once upon a time in the Bronx: working with youth to address violence through performance and play. In Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Interaction Design and Children (IDC ’13), kesäkuu 2013. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 443–446. https://doi.org/10.1145/2485760.2485806
[10]
Peter De Jong, Insoo Kim Berg, Ben Furman, and Antti Mattila. 2016. Ratkaisukeskeisen terapian oppikirja (3. painos ed.). Lyhytterapiainstituutti Oy, Helsinki.
[11]
Christian Dindler, Rachel Smith, and Ole Sejer Iversen. 2020. Computational empowerment: participatory design in education. CoDesign 16, 1 (January 2020), 66–80. https://doi.org/10.1080/15710882.2020.1722173
[12]
Allison Druin. 2002. The role of children in the design of new technology. Behav. Inf. Technol. 21, 1 (January 2002), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1080/01449290110108659
[13]
Andrés Eduardo Nieto, Isabel Cristina Tobón Giraldo, and Carlos Torres Parra. 2020. Mi Fink App, a Participative Research-Creation Experience for Afro-Caucan Territory Protection in Colombia. In Proceedings of the 16th Participatory Design Conference 2020 - Participation(s) Otherwise - Volume 2 (PDC ’20), 2020. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1145/3384772.3385131
[14]
Sheena Erete, Karla Thomas, Denise Nacu, Jessa Dickinson, Naomi Thompson, and Nichole Pinkard. 2021. Applying a Transformative Justice Approach to Encourage the Participation of Black and Latina Girls in Computing. ACM Trans. Comput. Educ. 21, 4 (December 2021), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1145/3451345
[15]
Lesley-Anne Ey and Barbara Spears. 2020. Engaging early childhood teachers in participatory co-design workshops to educate young children about bullying. Pastor. Care Educ. 38, 3 (July 2020), 230–253. https://doi.org/10.1080/02643944.2020.1788129
[16]
Finnish national board on research integrity. 2019. The ethical principles of research with human participants and ethical review in the human sciences in Finland. Finnish national board on research integrity. Retrieved from https://tenk.fi/sites/default/files/2021-01/Ethical_review_in_human_sciences_2020.pdf
[17]
Nancy Fraser. 2006. Reframing justice in a globalizing world. In Nationalism and Global Solidarities. Routledge.
[18]
Christopher Frauenberger, Julia Makhaeva, and Katta Spiel. 2016. Designing Smart Objects with Autistic Children: Four Design Exposès. In Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, May 07, 2016. ACM, San Jose California USA, 130–139. https://doi.org/10.1145/2858036.2858050
[19]
Christopher Frauenberger, Julia Makhaeva, and Katta Spiel. 2017. Blending Methods: Developing Participatory Design Sessions for Autistic Children. In Proceedings of the 2017 Conference on Interaction Design and Children, June 27, 2017. ACM, Stanford California USA, 39–49. https://doi.org/10.1145/3078072.3079727
[20]
Paulo Freire. 2017. Pedagogy of the oppressed (Published in Penguin Classics 2017 ed.). Penguin Books, New York London New Delhi Sydney.
[21]
Alastair Fuad-Luke. 2009. Design activism: beautiful strangeness for a sustainable world. Earthscan, London, UK.
[22]
Heidi Hartikainen, Leena Ventä-Olkkonen, Netta Iivari, Sumita Sharma, Essi Lehto, Tonja Molin-Juustila, and Jenni Holappa. 2023. We learned we can do something to reduce bullying: Children designing anti-bullying mobile apps to empower their peers. Front. Educ. 8, (March 2023), 1112835. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2023.1112835
[23]
S. Helakorpi and H. Kivimäki. Lasten ja nuorten hyvinvointi – Kouluterveyskysely 2021. terveyden ja hyvinvoinnin laitos.
[24]
Sofia Hussain. 2010. Empowering marginalised children in developing countries through participatory design processes. CoDesign 6, 2 (June 2010), 99–117. https://doi.org/10.1080/15710882.2010.499467
[25]
Netta Iivari and Marianne Kinnula. 2018. Empowering children through design and making: towards protagonist role adoption. In Proceedings of the 15th Participatory Design Conference: Full Papers - Volume 1 (PDC ’18), August 20, 2018. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1145/3210586.3210600
[26]
Netta Iivari and Marianne Kinnula. 2023. Nurturing transformative agency of children: a framework on children's agency and activism in and through digital technology development. In Palgrave handbook of everyday digital life. Springer International Publishing, S.l.
[27]
Netta Iivari, Sumita Sharma, Leena Ventä-Olkkonen, Tonja Molin-Juustila, Kari Kuutti, Jenni Holappa, and Essi Kinnunen. 2022. Critical agenda driving child–computer interaction research—Taking a stock of the past and envisioning the future. Int. J. Child-Comput. Interact. 32, (June 2022), 100408. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcci.2021.100408
[28]
Netta Iivari, Leena Ventä-Olkkonen, Heidi Hartikainen, Sumita Sharma, Essi Lehto, Jenni Holappa, and Tonja Molin-Juustila. 2023. Computational empowerment of children: Design research on empowering and impactful designs by children. Int. J. Child-Comput. Interact. 37, (September 2023), 100600. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcci.2023.100600
[29]
Netta Iivari, Leena Ventä-Olkkonen, Sumita Sharma, Tonja Molin-Juustila, and Essi Kinnunen. 2021. CHI Against Bullying: Taking Stock of the Past and Envisioning the Future. In Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI ’21), toukokuu 2021. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1145/3411764.3445282
[30]
Ole Sejer Iversen and Christian Dindler. 2008. Pursuing aesthetic inquiry in participatory design. In Proceedings of the Tenth Anniversary Conference on Participatory Design 2008 (PDC ’08), 2008. Indiana University, USA, 138–145.
[31]
Ole Sejer Iversen, Rachel Charlotte Smith, and Christian Dindler. 2017. Child as Protagonist: Expanding the Role of Children in Participatory Design. In Proceedings of the 2017 Conference on Interaction Design and Children (IDC ’17), kesäkuu 2017. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 27–37. https://doi.org/10.1145/3078072.3079725
[32]
Ole Sejer Iversen, Rachel Charlotte Smith, and Christian Dindler. 2018. From computational thinking to computational empowerment: a 21st century PD agenda. In Proceedings of the 15th Participatory Design Conference: Full Papers - Volume 1 (PDC ’18), August 20, 2018. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1145/3210586.3210592
[33]
Anu Kajamaa and Kristiina Kumpulainen. 2019. Agency in the making: Analyzing students’ transformative agency in a school-based makerspace. Mind Cult. Act. 26, 3 (July 2019), 266–281. https://doi.org/10.1080/10749039.2019.1647547
[34]
Ben Kirshner. 2007. Introduction: Youth Activism as a Context for Learning and Development. Am. Behav. Sci. 51, 3 (November 2007), 367–379. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764207306065
[35]
Amy J. Ko, Anne Beitlers, Brett Wortzman, Matt Davidson, Alannah Oleson, Alannah Kirdani-Ryan, Stefania Druga, and Jayne Eerson. 2023. Critically Conscious Computing: Methods for Secondary Education. https://criticallyconsciouscomputing.org/.
[36]
Michael Lachney, Jean Ryoo, and Rafi Santo. 2021. Introduction to the Special Section on Justice-Centered Computing Education, Part 1. ACM Trans. Comput. Educ. 21, 4 (December 2021), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1145/3477981
[37]
Clifford H. Lee and Elisabeth Soep. 2016. None But Ourselves Can Free Our Minds: Critical Computational Literacy as a Pedagogy of Resistance. Equity Excell. Educ. 49, 4 (October 2016), 480–492. https://doi.org/10.1080/10665684.2016.1227157
[38]
Matin Mahboob Kanafi, Netta Iivari, and Marianne Kinnula. 2022. Brave and Kind Superheroes – Children's Reflections on the Design Protagonist Role. In Participatory Design Conference 2022: Volume 1, August 19, 2022. ACM, Newcastle upon Tyne United Kingdom, 87–97. https://doi.org/10.1145/3536169.3537783
[39]
Thomas Markussen. 2013. The Disruptive Aesthetics of Design Activism: Enacting Design Between Art and Politics. Des. Issues 29, 1 (January 2013), 38–50. https://doi.org/10.1162/DESI_a_00195
[40]
Iván Sánchez Milara, Kati Pitkänen, Jari Laru, Megumi Iwata, Marta Cortés Orduña, and Jukka Riekki. 2020. STEAM in Oulu: Scaffolding the development of a Community of Practice for local educators around STEAM and digital fabrication. Int. J. Child-Comput. Interact. 26, (December 2020), 100197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcci.2020.100197
[41]
Loius Morales-Navarro and Yasmin B. Kafai. Conceptualizing Three Approaches for Integrating Criticality in K-12 Computing Education. In ICLS2022 Proceedings, 385–392.
[42]
D. Olweus. 1994. Bullying at school: basic facts and effects of a school based intervention program. J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry 35, 7 (October 1994), 1171–1190. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1994.tb01229.x
[43]
Samiullah Paracha, Lynne Hall, Kathy Clawson, and Nicole Mitsche. 2020. Design, Development, and Usability of a Virtual Environment on Moral, Social, and Emotional Leaning. Int. J. Virtual Pers. Learn. Environ. IJVPLE 10, 2 (2020), 50–65. https://doi.org/10.4018/IJVPLE.2020070104
[44]
Nichole Pinkard, Sheena Erete, Caitlin K. Martin, and Maxine McKinney De Royston. 2017. Digital Youth Divas: Exploring Narrative-Driven Curriculum to Spark Middle School Girls’ Interest in Computational Activities. J. Learn. Sci. 26, 3 (July 2017), 477–516. https://doi.org/10.1080/10508406.2017.1307199
[45]
Janet C. Read, Daniel Fitton, and Emanuela Mazzone. 2010. Using obstructed theatre with child designers to convey requirements. In CHI ’10 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, April 10, 2010. ACM, Atlanta Georgia USA, 4063–4068. https://doi.org/10.1145/1753846.1754103
[46]
Elisa Rubegni, Monica Landoni, and Letizia Jaccheri. 2020. Design for Change With and for Children: How to Design Digital StoryTelling Tool to Raise Stereotypes Awareness. In Proceedings of the 2020 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference, July 03, 2020. ACM, Eindhoven Netherlands, 505–518. https://doi.org/10.1145/3357236.3395470
[47]
Jean J. Ryoo, Jane Margolis, Clifford H. Lee, Cueponcaxochitl D.M. Sandoval, and Joanna Goode. 2013. Democratizing computer science knowledge: transforming the face of computer science through public high school education. Learn. Media Technol. 38, 2 (June 2013), 161–181. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439884.2013.756514
[48]
Elaheh Sanoubari, John Edison Muñoz Cardona, Hamza Mahdi, James E. Young, Andrew Houston, and Kerstin Dautenhahn. 2021. Robots, Bullies and Stories: A Remote Co-design Study with Children. In Interaction Design and Children, June 24, 2021. ACM, Athens Greece, 171–182. https://doi.org/10.1145/3459990.3460725
[49]
Nitin Sawhney. 2009. Voices beyond walls: the role of digital storytelling for empowering marginalized youth in refugee camps. In Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Interaction Design and Children (IDC ’09), kesäkuu 2009. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 302–305. https://doi.org/10.1145/1551788.1551866
[50]
Marie-Monique Schaper, Laura Malinverni, and cristina valero. 2020. Robot Presidents: Who should rule the world? Teaching Critical Thinking in AI through Reflections upon Food Traditions. In Proceedings of the 11th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Shaping Experiences, Shaping Society (NordiCHI ’20), lokakuu 2020. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1145/3419249.3420085
[51]
Marie-Monique Schaper, Rachel Charlotte Smith, Mariana Aki Tamashiro, Maarten Van Mechelen, Mille Skovhus Lunding, Karl-Emil Kjæer Bilstrup, Magnus Høholt Kaspersen, Kasper Løvborg Jensen, Marianne Graves Petersen, and Ole Sejer Iversen. 2022. Computational empowerment in practice: Scaffolding teenagers’ learning about emerging technologies and their ethical and societal impact. Int. J. Child-Comput. Interact. 34, (December 2022), 100537. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcci.2022.100537
[52]
Selina Schepers, Jessica Schoffelen, Bieke Zaman, and Katrien Dreessen. 2022. ‘I'm the boss of the Stiemerbeek valley!’ Reconsidering children's empowerment in participatory design from the perspective of infrastructuring. CoDesign 18, 3 (July 2022), 340–354. https://doi.org/10.1080/15710882.2021.1912775
[53]
Selina Schepers, Jessica Schoffelen, Bieke Zaman, and Katrien Dreessen. 2022. Going beyond short-term, ‘reduced’ PD: Towards an encompassing typology for children's participation in infrastructuring processes. Int. J. Child-Comput. Interact. 33, (September 2022), 100484. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcci.2022.100484
[54]
Bibiana Serpa, Imaíra Portela, Mariana Costard, and Sâmia Batista. 2020. Political-pedagogical contributions to participatory design from Paulo Freire. In Proceedings of the 16th Participatory Design Conference 2020 - Participation(s) Otherwise - Volume 2, June 15, 2020. ACM, Manizales Colombia, 170–174. https://doi.org/10.1145/3384772.3385149
[55]
Rachel Charlotte Smith and Ole Sejer Iversen. 2018. Participatory design for sustainable social change. Des. Stud. 59, (November 2018), 9–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.destud.2018.05.005
[56]
Rachel Charlotte Smith, Ole Sejer Iversen, and Mikkel Hjorth. 2015. Design thinking for digital fabrication in education. Int. J. Child-Comput. Interact. 5, (September 2015), 20–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcci.2015.10.002
[57]
Rachel Charlotte Smith, Ole Sejer Iversen, and Rune Veerasawmy. 2018. Impediments to Digital Fabrication in Education: A Study of Teachers’ Role in Digital Fabrication. Information and Technology Literacy: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications, 301–319. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3417-4.ch017
[58]
Rachel Charlotte Smith, Marie-Monique Schaper, Mariana Aki Tamashiro, Maarten Van Mechelen, Marianne Graves Petersen, and Ole Sejer Iversen. 2023. A research agenda for computational empowerment for emerging technology education. Int. J. Child-Comput. Interact. 38, (December 2023), 100616. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcci.2023.100616
[59]
Mike Tissenbaum, David Weintrop, Nathan Holbert, and Tamara Clegg. 2021. The case for alternative endpoints in computing education. Br. J. Educ. Technol. 52, 3 (May 2021), 1164–1177. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.13072
[60]
Fabiana Tomasini Giannini and Ingrid Mulder. 2022. Towards a Power-Balanced Participatory Design Process. In Proceedings of the Participatory Design Conference 2022 - Volume 2, August 19, 2022. ACM, Newcastle upon Tyne United Kingdom, 111–117. https://doi.org/10.1145/3537797.3537819
[61]
Susan Torres-Harding, Ashley Baber, Julie Hilvers, Nakisha Hobbs, and Michael Maly. 2018. Children as agents of social and community change: Enhancing youth empowerment through participation in a school-based social activism project. Educ. Citizsh. Soc. Justice 13, 1 (March 2018), 3–18. https://doi.org/10.1177/1746197916684643
[62]
Maarten Van Mechelen, Jan Derboven, Ann Laenen, Bert Willems, David Geerts, and Vero Vanden Abeele. 2017. The GLID method: Moving from design features to underlying values in co-design. Int. J. Hum.-Comput. Stud. 97, (January 2017), 116–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhcs.2016.09.005
[63]
Asimina Vasalou and Andrea Gauthier. 2023. The role of CCI in supporting children's engagement with environmental sustainability at a time of climate crisis. Int. J. Child-Comput. Interact. 38, (December 2023), 100605. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcci.2023.100605
[64]
Asimina Vasalou, Seray Ibrahim, Michael Clarke, and Yvonne Griffiths. 2021. On power and participation: Reflections from design with developmentally diverse children. Int. J. Child-Comput. Interact. 27, (March 2021), 100241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcci.2020.100241
[65]
Leena Ventä-Olkkonen, Netta Iivari, Sumita Sharma, Tonja Molin-Juustila, Kari Kuutti, Nina Juustila-Cevirel, Essi Kinnunen, and Jenni Holappa. 2021. Nowhere to Now-here: Empowering Children to Reimagine Bully Prevention at Schools Using Critical Design Fiction: Exploring the Potential of Participatory, Empowering Design Fiction in Collaboration with Children. In Designing Interactive Systems Conference 2021, June 28, 2021. ACM, Virtual Event USA, 734–748. https://doi.org/10.1145/3461778.3462044
[66]
Joel Westheimer and Joseph Kahne. 2004. What Kind of Citizen? The Politics of Educating for Democracy. Am. Educ. Res. J. 41, 2 (January 2004), 237–269. https://doi.org/10.3102/00028312041002237
[67]
Bieke Zaman and Vero Vanden Abeele. 2010. Laddering with young children in User eXperience evaluations: theoretical groundings and a practical case. In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Interaction Design and Children (IDC ’10), kesäkuu 2010. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 156–165. https://doi.org/10.1145/1810543.1810561
[68]
2024. Finnish Social Science Data Archive. Retrieved from https://www.fsd.tuni.fi/en/
[69]
Non-Violent Childhoods: Action Plan for the Prevention of Violence against Children 2020–2025.

Index Terms

  1. Participatory design that matters – with activism education of children
          Index terms have been assigned to the content through auto-classification.

          Recommendations

          Comments

          Information & Contributors

          Information

          Published In

          cover image ACM Other conferences
          PDC '24: Proceedings of the Participatory Design Conference 2024: Full Papers - Volume 1
          August 2024
          262 pages
          This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution International 4.0 License.

          Publisher

          Association for Computing Machinery

          New York, NY, United States

          Publication History

          Published: 29 August 2024

          Check for updates

          Author Tags

          1. Children
          2. activism
          3. activism education
          4. computing education
          5. participatory design

          Qualifiers

          • Research-article
          • Research
          • Refereed limited

          Funding Sources

          Conference

          PDC '24
          PDC '24: Participatory Design Conference 2024
          August 11 - 16, 2024
          Sibu, Malaysia

          Acceptance Rates

          Overall Acceptance Rate 49 of 289 submissions, 17%

          Contributors

          Other Metrics

          Bibliometrics & Citations

          Bibliometrics

          Article Metrics

          • 0
            Total Citations
          • 234
            Total Downloads
          • Downloads (Last 12 months)234
          • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)52
          Reflects downloads up to 15 Feb 2025

          Other Metrics

          Citations

          View Options

          View options

          PDF

          View or Download as a PDF file.

          PDF

          eReader

          View online with eReader.

          eReader

          HTML Format

          View this article in HTML Format.

          HTML Format

          Login options

          Figures

          Tables

          Media

          Share

          Share

          Share this Publication link

          Share on social media