Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
skip to main content
research-article

Table Detection in Online Ink Notes

Published: 01 August 2006 Publication History

Abstract

In documents, tables are important structured objects that present statistical and relational information. In this paper, we present a robust system which is capable of detecting tables from free style online ink notes and extracting their structure so that they can be further edited in multiple ways. First, the primitive structure of tables, i.e., candidates for ruling lines and table bounding boxes, are detected among drawing strokes. Second, the logical structure of tables is determined by normalizing the table skeletons, identifying the skeleton structure, and extracting the cell contents. The detection process is similar to a decision tree so that invalid candidates can be ruled out quickly. Experimental results suggest that our system is robust and accurate in dealing with tables having complex structure or drawn under complex situations.

References

[1]
IEEE Trans. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 38-62, Jan. 2000.
[2]
J.C. Handley, “Document Recognition,” Electronic Imaging Technology, E.R. Dougherty, ed., Bellingham, Wash.:IS & T/SPIE Optical Eng., chapter 8, pp. 289-316, 1999.
[3]
D. Lopresti and G. Nagy, “A Tabular Survey of Automated Table Processing,” Proc. Third Int'l Workshop Graphics Recognition, Recent Advances, pp. 93-120, 1999.
[4]
R. Zanibbi, D. Blostein, and J.R. Cordy, “A Survey of Table Recognition: Models, Observations, Transformations, and Inferences,” Int'l J. Document Analysis and Recognition, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 1-16, 2004.
[5]
D. Lopresti and G. Nagy, “Automated Table Processing: An (Opinionated) Survey,” Proc. Third Int'l Workshop Graphics Recognition, pp. 109-134, 1999.
[6]
J.H. Shamilian, H.S. Baird, and T.L. Wood, “A Retargetable Table Reader,” Proc. IEEE Int'l Conf. Document Analysis and Recognition, pp. 158-163, 1997.
[7]
E. Green and M. Krishnamoorthy, “Model-Based Analysis of Printed Tables,” Proc. IEEE Int'l Conf. Document Analysis and Recognition, pp. 214-217, 1999.
[8]
T.G. Kieninger, “Table Structure Recognition Based on Robust Block Segmentation,” Proc. Fifth SPIE Conf. Document Recognition, pp. 22-32, 1998.
[9]
A.K. Jain, A. Namboodiri, and J. Subrahmonia, “Structure in On-Line Documents,” Proc. IEEE Int'l Conf. Document Analysis and Recognition, pp. 844-848, 2001.
[10]
A. Laurentini and P. Viada, “Identifying and Understanding Tabular Material in Compound Documents,” Proc. 11th Int'l Conf. Pattern Recognition, pp. 405-409, 1992.
[11]
J. Sklansky and V. Gonzalez, “Fast Polygonal Approximation of Digitized Curves,” Pattern Recognition, vol. 12, pp. 327-331, 1980.
[12]
Pattern Recognition, vol. 37, no. 7, pp. 1479-1497, 2004.
[13]
L.B. Kara and T.F. Stahovich, “Hierarchical Parsing and Recognition of Hand-Sketched Diagrams,” Proc. 17th ACM Symp. User Interface Software and Technology, pp. 13-22, 2004.
[14]
C. Alvarado, “A Framework for Multi-Domain Sketch Recognition,” Proc. AAAI Spring Symp. Sketch Understanding, AAAI Technical Report SS-02-08, Stanford Univ., pp. 1-8, 2002.
[15]
S.L. Taylor, R. Fritzson, and J.A. Pastor, “Extraction of Data from Preprinted Forms,” Machine Vision and Applications, vol. 5, pp. 211-222, 1992.
[16]
J.J. LaViolaJr. and R.C. Zeleznik, “MathPad$^2$ : A System for the Creation and Exploration of Mathematical Sketches,” ACM Trans. Computer Graphics, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 432-440, 2004.
[17]
J. Liang, “Document Structure Analysis and Performance Evaluation,” PhD thesis, Univ. of Washington, Seattle, 1999.
[18]
M. Hurst, “Layout and Language: An Efficient Algorithm for Detecting Text Blocks Based on Spatial and Linguistic Evidence,” Proc. Document Recognition and Retrieval VIII (IS & T/SPIE Electronic Imaging), vol. 4307, pp. 56-67, 2001.
[19]
IEEE Trans. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 475-491, Apr. 2003.

Cited By

View all
  • (2020)A general framework for the recognition of online handwritten graphicsInternational Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition10.1007/s10032-019-00349-623:2(143-160)Online publication date: 1-Jun-2020
  • (2014)Contextual text/non-text stroke classification in online handwritten notes with conditional random fieldsPattern Recognition10.1016/j.patcog.2013.04.01747:3(959-968)Online publication date: 1-Mar-2014
  • (2014)Multi-class segmentation of free-form online documents with tree conditional random fieldsInternational Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition10.1007/s10032-014-0221-z17:4(313-329)Online publication date: 1-Dec-2014

Recommendations

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence  Volume 28, Issue 8
August 2006
172 pages

Publisher

IEEE Computer Society

United States

Publication History

Published: 01 August 2006

Author Tags

  1. Table detection
  2. document analysis
  3. graphics recognition
  4. handwriting recognition
  5. pen-based computing.
  6. table recognition

Qualifiers

  • Research-article

Contributors

Other Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

  • Downloads (Last 12 months)0
  • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0
Reflects downloads up to 15 Oct 2024

Other Metrics

Citations

Cited By

View all
  • (2020)A general framework for the recognition of online handwritten graphicsInternational Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition10.1007/s10032-019-00349-623:2(143-160)Online publication date: 1-Jun-2020
  • (2014)Contextual text/non-text stroke classification in online handwritten notes with conditional random fieldsPattern Recognition10.1016/j.patcog.2013.04.01747:3(959-968)Online publication date: 1-Mar-2014
  • (2014)Multi-class segmentation of free-form online documents with tree conditional random fieldsInternational Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition10.1007/s10032-014-0221-z17:4(313-329)Online publication date: 1-Dec-2014

View Options

View options

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Share this Publication link

Share on social media