Validation of Emotions as a Measure of Selective Attention in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Pages 205 - 210
Abstract
This research studied the validation of emotions as a measure of selective attention in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and their typically developing (TD) peers. Seven basic emotions such as anger, sadness, disgust, joy, surprise, fear and contempt as well as neutral emotion of participants were detected in real-time using iMotions and affectiva software. This study investigated these emotions against task performance. The result shows no significant difference in emotion between the two groups except in neutral and contempt. Also, the result revealed that there was no significant correlation between the seven basic emotions and selective attention in ASD and TD group. However, neutral emotion has a significant correlation on selective attention only in children with ASD and the group differs in neutral and contempt emotions. Thus, this study suggests that the seven basic emotions have no effect on selective attention in children with ASD and TD. Further studies need to investigate the low-level facial activity that represents neutral and contempt emotions.
References
[1]
A. Mehrabian, and M. Wiener, "Decoding of inconsistent communications," Journal of personality and social psychology, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 109, 1967.
[2]
R. Ekman, What the face reveals: Basic and applied studies of spontaneous expression using the Facial Action Coding System (FACS): Oxford University Press, USA, 1997.
[3]
J. R. Anderson, Cognitive psychology and its implications: Macmillan, 2005.
[4]
W. Arthur Jr, M. H. Strong, J. A. Jordan, J. E. Williamson, W. L. Shebilske, and J. W. Regian, "Visual attention: Individual differences in training and predicting complex task performance," Acta Psychologica, vol. 88, no. 1, pp. 3--23, 1995.
[5]
M. M. Sohlberg, and C. A. Mateer, "Effectiveness of an attention-training program," Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 117--130, 1987.
[6]
A. S. Bondy, and L. A. Frost, "The picture exchange communication system," Focus on autistic behavior, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 1--19, 1994.
[7]
M. Grol, and R. D. Raedt, "Effects of positive mood on attentional breadth for emotional stimuli," Frontiers in Psychology, vol. 5, no. 1277, 2014-November-11, 2014.
[8]
F. F. Ke, and J. Moon, "Virtual collaborative gaming as social skills training for high-functioning autistic children," British Journal of Educational Technology, vol. 49, no. 4, pp. 728--741, Jul, 2018.
[9]
L. C. Eaves, and H. H. Ho, "School placement and academic achievement in children with autistic spectrum disorders," Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 277--291, 1997.
[10]
D. K. Murray, "Autism and information technology: therapy with computers," Autism and Learning (Classic Edition), pp. 98-113: Routledge, 2011.
[11]
E. Bekele, Z. Zheng, A. Swanson, J. Crittendon, Z. Warren, and N. Sarkar, "Understanding How Adolescents with Autism Respond to Facial Expressions in Virtual Reality Environments," Ieee Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 711--720, Apr, 2013.
[12]
N. Pistoljevic, and V. Hulusic, "An interactive E-book with an educational game for children with developmental disorders: A pilot user study." pp. 87--93.
[13]
K. Khowaja, and S. S. Salim, "Serious game for children with autism to learn vocabulary: an experimental evaluation," International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, vol. 35, no. 1, pp. 1--26, 2019.
[14]
U. Lahiri, E. Bekele, E. Dohrmann, Z. Warren, and N. Sarkar, "Design of a Virtual Reality Based Adaptive Response Technology for Children With Autism," IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 55--64, 2013.
[15]
N. Bosch, S. D'Mello, R. Baker, J. Ocumpaugh, V. Shute, M. Ventura, L. Wang, and W. Zhao, "Automatic detection of learning-centered affective states in the wild." pp. 379--388.
[16]
S. Baron-Cohen, "The autistic child's theory of mind: A case of specific developmental delay," Journal of child Psychology and Psychiatry, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 285--297, 1989.
[17]
H. E. Rosvold, A. F. Mirsky, I. Sarason, E. D. Bransome Jr, and L. H. Beck, "A continuous performance test of brain damage," Journal of consulting psychology, vol. 20, no. 5, pp. 343, 1956.
[18]
J. Katona, "Examination and comparison of the EEG based attention test with CPT and T.O.V.A." pp. 117--120.
[19]
A. M. Bianchi, "Measures of connectivity among the different brain areas during an attention task." pp. 1710--1713.
[20]
S. Coelli, R. Sclocco, R. Barbieri, G. Reni, C. Zucca, and A. M. Bianchi, "EEG-based index for engagement level monitoring during sustained attention." pp. 1512--1515.
[21]
S. Bioulac, E. de Sevin, P. Sagaspe, A. Claret, P. Philip, J. A. Micoulaud-Franchi, and M. P. Bouvard, "What do virtual reality tools bring to child and adolescent psychiatry?," Encephale, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 280--285, 2018.
[22]
T. D. Parsons, "Virtual Teacher and Classroom for Assessment of Neurodevelopmental Disorders," Technologies of Inclusive Well-Being: Serious Games, Alternative Realities, and Play Therapy, Studies in Computational Intelligence A. L. Brooks, S. Brahnam and L. C. Jain, eds., pp. 119--135, 2014.
[23]
T. D. Parsons, and A. R. Carlew, "Bimodal Virtual Reality Stroop for Assessing Distractor Inhibition in Autism Spectrum Disorders," Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, vol. 46, no. 4, pp. 1255--1267, Apr, 2016.
[24]
E. A. Phelps, S. Ling, and M. Carrasco, "Emotion facilitates perception and potentiates the perceptual benefits of attention," Psychological science, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 292--299, 2006.
[25]
R. C. Bendall, and C. Thompson, "Emotion does not influence prefrontal cortex activity during a visual attention task. A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study." pp. 36--43.
[26]
R. C. A. Bendall, and C. Thompson, "Emotion has no impact on attention in a change detection flicker task," Frontiers in Psychology, vol. 6, no. 1592, 2015-October-20, 2015.
[27]
S. Yoshimura, W. Sato, S. Uono, and M. Toichi, "Impaired overt facial mimicry in response to dynamic facial expressions in high-functioning autism spectrum disorders," Journal of autism and developmental disorders, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 1318--1328, 2015.
[28]
L. Escobedo, M. Tentori, E. Quintana, J. Favela, and D. Garcia-Rosas, "Using Augmented Reality to Help Children with Autism Stay Focused," IEEE Pervasive Computing, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 38--46, 2014.
[29]
A. P. Association, Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5®): American Psychiatric Pub, 2013.
[30]
A. A. Rizzo, T. Bowerly, J. G. Buckwalter, D. Klimchuk, R. Mitura, and T. D. Parsons, "A virtual reality scenario for all seasons: the virtual classroom," Cns Spectrums, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 35--44, 2009.
[31]
iMotions, "iMotion Biometric Tool," 2017.
[32]
T. Senechal, V. Rapp, H. Salam, R. Seguier, K. Bailly, and L. Prevost, "Facial action recognition combining heterogeneous features via multikernel learning," IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B (Cybernetics), vol. 42, no. 4, pp. 993--1005, 2012.
Index Terms
- Validation of Emotions as a Measure of Selective Attention in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Recommendations
Emotion Recognition via Face Tracking with RealSense(TM) 3D Camera for Children with Autism
IDC '17: Proceedings of the 2017 Conference on Interaction Design and ChildrenAlthough there is a growing recognition of the differences, not diminished abilities, of facial affective expressivity between Typically Developing (TD) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) individuals, which might lead to the varied recognizability of ...
Physiological Detection of Affective States in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with emotion processing difficulties, including limitations in understanding the emotional states of others and processing one's own internal experiences. The nature of these difficulties remains largely ...
Motor, emotional and cognitive empathic abilities in children with autism and conduct disorder
MB '10: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Methods and Techniques in Behavioral ResearchThis paper gives an overview of the studies that investigated motor, emotional and cognitive empathy in juveniles with autism or conduct disorder. Studies that measured response to emotional faces with use of facial EMG, ECG, skin conductance, eye-...
Comments
Information & Contributors
Information
Published In
February 2020
268 pages
ISBN:9781450375085
DOI:10.1145/3383923
Copyright © 2020 ACM.
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]
In-Cooperation
- University of Thessaly: University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
Publisher
Association for Computing Machinery
New York, NY, United States
Publication History
Published: 23 April 2020
Check for updates
Author Tags
Qualifiers
- Research-article
- Research
- Refereed limited
Conference
ICEIT 2020
ICEIT 2020: 2020 9th International Conference on Educational and Information Technology
February 11 - 13, 2020
Oxford, United Kingdom
Contributors
Other Metrics
Bibliometrics & Citations
Bibliometrics
Article Metrics
- 0Total Citations
- 234Total Downloads
- Downloads (Last 12 months)24
- Downloads (Last 6 weeks)4
Reflects downloads up to 06 Jan 2025
Other Metrics
Citations
View Options
Login options
Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.
Sign in