research-article

VoiceCloak: Adversarial Example Enabled Voice De-Identification with Balanced Privacy and Utility

Authors:

Kui RenAuthors Info & Claims

Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies, Volume 7, Issue 2

Article No.: 48, Pages 1 - 21

https://doi.org/10.1145/3596266

Published: 12 June 2023 Publication History

Abstract

Faced with the threat of identity leakage during voice data publishing, users are engaged in a privacy-utility dilemma when enjoying the utility of voice services. Existing machine-centric studies employ direct modification or text-based re-synthesis to de-identify users' voices but cause inconsistent audibility for human participants in emerging online communication scenarios, such as virtual meetings. In this paper, we propose a human-centric voice de-identification system, VoiceCloak, which uses adversarial examples to balance the privacy and utility of voice services. Instead of typical additive examples inducing perceivable distortions, we design a novel convolutional adversarial example that modulates perturbations into real-world room impulse responses. Benefiting from this, VoiceCloak could preserve user identity from exposure by Automatic Speaker Identification (ASI), while remaining the voice perceptual quality for non-intrusive de-identification. Moreover, VoiceCloak learns a compact speaker distribution through a conditional variational auto-encoder to synthesize diverse targets on demand. Guided by these pseudo targets, VoiceCloak constructs adversarial examples in an input-specific manner, enabling any-to-any identity transformation for robust de-identification. Experimental results show that VoiceCloak could achieve over 92% and 84% successful de-identification on mainstream ASIs and commercial systems with excellent voiceprint consistency, speech integrity, and audio quality.

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Index Terms

VoiceCloak: Adversarial Example Enabled Voice De-Identification with Balanced Privacy and Utility
1. Security and privacy
  1. Human and societal aspects of security and privacy
    1. Privacy protections
    2. Usability in security and privacy

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cover image Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies

Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies Volume 7, Issue 2

June 2023

969 pages

EISSN:2474-9567

DOI:10.1145/3604631

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Published: 12 June 2023

Published in IMWUT Volume 7, Issue 2

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