Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
skip to main content
article

Protected interactive 3D graphics via remote rendering

Published: 01 August 2004 Publication History

Abstract

Valuable 3D graphical models, such as high-resolution digital scans of cultural heritage objects, may require protection to prevent piracy or misuse, while still allowing for interactive display and manipulation by a widespread audience. We have investigated techniques for protecting 3D graphics content, and we have developed a remote rendering system suitable for sharing archives of 3D models while protecting the 3D geometry from unauthorized extraction. The system consists of a 3D viewer client that includes low-resolution versions of the 3D models, and a rendering server that renders and returns images of high-resolution models according to client requests. The server implements a number of defenses to guard against 3D reconstruction attacks, such as monitoring and limiting request streams, and slightly perturbing and distorting the rendered images. We consider several possible types of reconstruction attacks on such a rendering server, and we examine how these attacks can be defended against without excessively compromising the interactive experience for non-malicious users.

References

[1]
COLLBERG, C., AND THOMBORSON, C. 2000. Watermarking, tamper-proofing, and obfuscation: Tools for software protection. Tech. Rep. 170, Dept. of Computer Science, The University of Auckland.
[2]
DEBEVEC, P., TAYLOR, C., AND MALIK, J. 1996. Modeling and rendering architecture from photographs: A hybrid geometry-and image-based approach. In Proc. of ACM SIGGRAPH 96, 11--20.
[3]
ENGEL, K., HASTREITER, P., TOMANDL, B., EBERHARDT, K., AND ERTL, T. 2000. Combining local and remote visualization techniques for interactive volume rendering in medical applications. In Proc. of IEEE Visualization 2000, 449--452.
[4]
GORTLER, S., GRZESZCZUK, R., SZELISKI, R., AND COHEN, M. F. 1996. The lumigraph. In Proc. of ACM SIGGRAPH 96, 43--54.
[5]
LAURENTINI, A. 1994. The visual hull concept for silhouette-based image understanding. IEEE Trans. on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 16, 2, 150--162.
[6]
LENSCH, H. P., HEIDRICH, W., AND SEIDEL, H.-P. 2001. A silhouette-based algorithm for texture registration and stitching. Graphical Models 63, 245--262.
[7]
LEVOY, M., AND HANRAHAN, P. 1996. Light field rendering. In Proc. of ACM SIGGRAPH 96, 31--42.
[8]
LEVOY, M., PULLI, K., CURLESS, B., RUSINKIEWICZ, S., KOLLER, D., PEREIRA, L., GINZTON, M., ANDERSON, S., DAVIS, J., GINSBERG, J., SHADE, J., AND FULK, D. 2000. The digital michelangelo project. In Proc. of ACM SIGGRAPH 2000, 131--144.
[9]
LEVOY, M. 1995. Polygon-assisted jpeg and mpeg compression of synthetic images. In Proc. of ACM SIGGRAPH 95, 21--28.
[10]
NIEM, W. 1997. Error analysis for silhouette-based 3D shape estimation from multiple views. In International Workshop on Synthetic-Natural Hybrid Coding and 3D Imaging.
[11]
OHBUCHI, R., MUKAIYAMA, A., AND TAKAHASHI, S. 2002. A frequency-domain approach to watermarking 3D shapes. Computer Graphics Forum 21, 3.
[12]
PRAUN, E., HOPPE, H., AND FINKELSTEIN, A. 1999. Robust mesh watermarking. In Proc. of ACM SIGGRAPH 99, 49--56.
[13]
RESSLER, S., 2001. Web3D security discussion. Online article: http://web3d.about.com/library/weekly/aa013101a.htm.
[14]
RUSINKIEWICZ, S., AND LEVOY, M. 2000. QSplat: A multiresolution point rendering system for large meshes. In Proc. of ACM SIGGRAPH 2000, 343--352.
[15]
SCHARSTEIN, D., AND SZELISKI, R. 2002. A taxonomy and evaluation of dense two-frame stereo correspondence algorithms. International Journal of Computer Vision 47, 1-3, 7--42.
[16]
SCHNEIER, B. 2000. The fallacy of trusted client software. Information Security(August).
[17]
SIMONS, D., AND LEVIN, D. 1997. Change blindness. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 1, 7, 261--267.
[18]
SLABAUGH, G., CULBERTSON, B., MALZBENDER, T., AND SCHAFER, R. 2001. A survey of methods for volumetric scene reconstruction from photographs. In Proc. of the Joint IEEE TCVG and Eurographics Workshop (VolumeGraphics-01), Springer-Verlag, 81--100.
[19]
STANFORD DIGITAL FORMA URBIS PROJECT. 2004. http://formaurbis.stanford.edu.
[20]
TARINI, M., CALLIERI, M., MONTANI, C., ROCCHINI, C., OLSSON, K., AND PERSSON, T. 2002. Marching intersections: An efficient approach to shape-from-silhouette. In Proceedings of the Conference on Vision, Modeling, and Visualization (VMV 2002), 255--262.
[21]
YOON, I., AND NEUMANN, U. 2000. Web-based remote rendering with IBRAC. Computer Graphics Forum 19, 3.
[22]
ZHANG, R., TSAI, P.-S., CRYER, J. E., AND SHAH, M. 1999. Shape from shading: A survey. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 21, 8, 690--706.

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Enhancing traditional museum fruition: current state and emerging tendenciesHeritage Science10.1186/s40494-024-01139-y12:1Online publication date: 18-Jan-2024
  • (2023)The rising trend of Metaverse in education: challenges, opportunities, and ethical considerationsPeerJ Computer Science10.7717/peerj-cs.12529(e1252)Online publication date: 13-Feb-2023
  • (2023)A peek into the metaverseProceedings of the 32nd USENIX Conference on Security Symposium10.5555/3620237.3620457(3925-3942)Online publication date: 9-Aug-2023
  • Show More Cited By

Recommendations

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Transactions on Graphics
ACM Transactions on Graphics  Volume 23, Issue 3
August 2004
684 pages
ISSN:0730-0301
EISSN:1557-7368
DOI:10.1145/1015706
Issue’s Table of Contents
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 01 August 2004
Published in TOG Volume 23, Issue 3

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Check for updates

Author Tags

  1. 3D models
  2. digital rights management
  3. remote rendering
  4. security

Qualifiers

  • Article

Contributors

Other Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

  • Downloads (Last 12 months)45
  • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)10
Reflects downloads up to 09 Jan 2025

Other Metrics

Citations

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Enhancing traditional museum fruition: current state and emerging tendenciesHeritage Science10.1186/s40494-024-01139-y12:1Online publication date: 18-Jan-2024
  • (2023)The rising trend of Metaverse in education: challenges, opportunities, and ethical considerationsPeerJ Computer Science10.7717/peerj-cs.12529(e1252)Online publication date: 13-Feb-2023
  • (2023)A peek into the metaverseProceedings of the 32nd USENIX Conference on Security Symposium10.5555/3620237.3620457(3925-3942)Online publication date: 9-Aug-2023
  • (2023)MINERVAS: Massive INterior EnviRonments VirtuAl SynthesisComputer Graphics Forum10.1111/cgf.1465741:7(63-74)Online publication date: 20-Mar-2023
  • (2023)A survey of real-time rendering on Web3D applicationVirtual Reality & Intelligent Hardware10.1016/j.vrih.2022.04.0025:5(379-394)Online publication date: Oct-2023
  • (2022)Web-Cloud Collaborative Mobile Online 3D Rendering SystemSecurity and Communication Networks10.1155/2022/47489462022Online publication date: 1-Jan-2022
  • (2022)Will Metaverse Be NextG Internet? Vision, Hype, and RealityIEEE Network10.1109/MNET.117.220005536:5(197-204)Online publication date: Sep-2022
  • (2021)Vibration Analyses of a Gantry Structure by Mobile Phone Digital Image Correlation and Interferometric RadarGeomatics10.3390/geomatics20100022:1(17-35)Online publication date: 27-Dec-2021
  • (2021)Foveated Encoding for Large High-Resolution DisplaysIEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics10.1109/TVCG.2020.303044527:2(1850-1859)Online publication date: Feb-2021
  • (2021)Amortised Encoding for Large High-Resolution Displays2021 IEEE 11th Symposium on Large Data Analysis and Visualization (LDAV)10.1109/LDAV53230.2021.00013(53-62)Online publication date: Oct-2021
  • Show More Cited By

View Options

Login options

Full Access

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

PDF

eReader

View online with eReader.

eReader

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Share this Publication link

Share on social media