Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
skip to main content
10.1145/1150402.1150476acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PageskddConference Proceedingsconference-collections
Article

Structure and evolution of online social networks

Published: 20 August 2006 Publication History

Abstract

In this paper, we consider the evolution of structure within large online social networks. We present a series of measurements of two such networks, together comprising in excess of five million people and ten million friendship links, annotated with metadata capturing the time of every event in the life of the network. Our measurements expose a surprising segmentation of these networks into three regions: singletons who do not participate in the network; isolated communities which overwhelmingly display star structure; and a giant component anchored by a well-connected core region which persists even in the absence of stars.We present a simple model of network growth which captures these aspects of component structure. The model follows our experimental results, characterizing users as either passive members of the network; inviters who encourage offline friends and acquaintances to migrate online; and linkers who fully participate in the social evolution of the network.

References

[1]
L. A. Adamic and E. Adar. How to search a social network. Social Networks, 27(3):187--203, 2005.]]
[2]
R. Albert and A.-L. Barabási. Statistical mechanics of complex networks. Reviews of Modern Physics, 74, 47, 2002.]]
[3]
R. Albert, H. Jeong, and A.-L. Barabási. Diameter of the world wide web. Nature, 401:130--131, 1999.]]
[4]
A.-L. Barabási and R. Albert. Emergence of scaling in random networks. Science, 286:509--512, 1999.]]
[5]
B. Bollobás. A probabilistic proof of an asymptotic formula for the number of labeled regular graphs. European Journal of Combinatorics, 1:311--316, 1980.]]
[6]
B. Bollobás. Random Graphs. Cambridge University Press, 2001.]]
[7]
B. Bollobás and O. Riordan. Mathematical results on scale-free random graphs, pages 1--37. Wiley--WCH, 2002.]]
[8]
A. Broder, S. Kumar, F. Maghoul, P. Raghavan, S. Rajagopalan, R. Stata, A. Tomkins, and J. L. Wiener. Graph structure in the web. WWW9/Computer Networks, 33(1-6):309--320, 2000.]]
[9]
P. S. Dodds, R. Muhamad, and D. J. Watts. An experimental study of search in global social networks. Science, 301:827--829, 2003.]]
[10]
S. Dorogovtsev and J. Mendes. Evolution of Networks: From Biological Nets to the Internet and WWW. Oxford University Press, 2000.]]
[11]
S. Dorogovtsev and J. Mendes. Evolution of networks. Advances in Physics, 51, 2002.]]
[12]
P. Erdös and A. Rényi. On random graphs I. Publications Mathematics Debrecen, 6:290--297, 1959.]]
[13]
M. Faloutsos, P. Faloutsos, and C. Faloutsos. On power-law relationships of the internet topology. In SIGCOMM, pages 251--262, 1999.]]
[14]
D. Fetterly, M. Manasse, M. Najork, and J. Wiener. A large-scale study of the evolution of web pages. Software Practice and Experience, 34(2):213--237, 2004.]]
[15]
J. Kleinberg. The small-world phenomenon: An algorithmic perspective. In 32nd STOC, pages 163--170, 2000.]]
[16]
J. Kleinberg. Complex networks and decentralized search algorithms. In Intl. Congress of Mathematicians, 2006.]]
[17]
J. M. Kleinberg. Navigation in a small world. Nature, 406:845, 2000.]]
[18]
R. Kumar, J. Novak, P. Raghavan, and A. Tomkins. Structure and evolution of blogspace. CACM, 47(12):35--39, 2004.]]
[19]
R. Kumar, J. Novak, P. Raghavan, and A. Tomkins. On the bursty evolution of blogspace. World Wide Web Journal, 8(2):159--178, 2005.]]
[20]
R. Kumar, P. Raghavan, S. Rajagopalan, D. Sivakumar, A. Tomkins, and E. Upfal. Stochastic models for the web graph. In 41st FOCS, pages 57--65, 2000.]]
[21]
R. Kumar, P. Raghavan, S. Rajagopalan, and A. Tomkins. Trawling the web for emerging cyber-communities. WWW8/Computer Networks, 31:1481--1493, 1999.]]
[22]
J. Leskovec and J. K. C. Faloutsos. Graphs over time: Densification laws, shrinking diameters, and possible explanations. In 11th KDD, pages 177--187, 2005.]]
[23]
D. Liben-Nowell, J. Novak, R. Kumar, P. Raghavan, and A. Tomkins. Geographic routing in social networks. PNAS, 102(33):11623--11628, 2005.]]
[24]
M. Molloy and B. Reed. A critical point for random graphs with a given degree sequence. Random Structures and Algorithms, 1995.]]
[25]
M. Newman. The structure and function of complex networks. SIAM Review, 45, 2:167--256, 2003.]]
[26]
M. E. J. Newman, S. H. Strogatz, and D. J. Watts. Random graphs with arbitrary degree distributions and their applications. Physics Reviews E, 64, 2001.]]
[27]
A. Ntoulas, J. Cho, and C. Olston. What's new on the web? The evolution of the web from a search engine perspective. In 13th WWW, pages 1--12, 2004.]]
[28]
S. Strogatz. Exploring complex networks. Nature, 410, 2001.]]
[29]
S. Wasserman and K. Faust. Social Network Analysis: Methods and Applications. Cambridge University Press, 1994.]]
[30]
D. J. Watts and S. H. Strogatz. Collective dynamics of 'small-world' networks. Nature, 393:440--442, 1998.]]

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Analyzing and forecasting the dynamics of Internet resource user sentiments based on the Fokker–Planck equationRussian Technological Journal10.32362/2500-316X-2024-12-3-78-9212:3(78-92)Online publication date: 31-May-2024
  • (2024)Graph Contrastive Learning for Tracking Dynamic Communities in Temporal NetworksIEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computational Intelligence10.1109/TETCI.2024.33868448:5(3422-3435)Online publication date: Oct-2024
  • (2024)BL: An Efficient Index for Reachability Queries on Large GraphsIEEE Transactions on Big Data10.1109/TBDATA.2023.332721510:2(108-121)Online publication date: Apr-2024
  • Show More Cited By

Index Terms

  1. Structure and evolution of online social networks

    Recommendations

    Comments

    Information & Contributors

    Information

    Published In

    cover image ACM Conferences
    KDD '06: Proceedings of the 12th ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining
    August 2006
    986 pages
    ISBN:1595933395
    DOI:10.1145/1150402
    Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

    Sponsors

    Publisher

    Association for Computing Machinery

    New York, NY, United States

    Publication History

    Published: 20 August 2006

    Permissions

    Request permissions for this article.

    Check for updates

    Author Tags

    1. graph evolution
    2. graph mining
    3. small-world phenomenon
    4. social networks
    5. stars

    Qualifiers

    • Article

    Conference

    KDD06

    Acceptance Rates

    Overall Acceptance Rate 1,133 of 8,635 submissions, 13%

    Contributors

    Other Metrics

    Bibliometrics & Citations

    Bibliometrics

    Article Metrics

    • Downloads (Last 12 months)233
    • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)15
    Reflects downloads up to 03 Oct 2024

    Other Metrics

    Citations

    Cited By

    View all
    • (2024)Analyzing and forecasting the dynamics of Internet resource user sentiments based on the Fokker–Planck equationRussian Technological Journal10.32362/2500-316X-2024-12-3-78-9212:3(78-92)Online publication date: 31-May-2024
    • (2024)Graph Contrastive Learning for Tracking Dynamic Communities in Temporal NetworksIEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computational Intelligence10.1109/TETCI.2024.33868448:5(3422-3435)Online publication date: Oct-2024
    • (2024)BL: An Efficient Index for Reachability Queries on Large GraphsIEEE Transactions on Big Data10.1109/TBDATA.2023.332721510:2(108-121)Online publication date: Apr-2024
    • (2024)Exploring Spreaders in a Retweet Network: A Case from the 2023 Kahramanmaraş Earthquake SequenceEmerging Trends and Applications in Artificial Intelligence10.1007/978-3-031-56728-5_40(481-492)Online publication date: 30-Apr-2024
    • (2023)Live graph labProceedings of the 37th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems10.5555/3666122.3666945(18769-18793)Online publication date: 10-Dec-2023
    • (2023)Understanding Organizational Interactions From a Social Network PerspectiveLeadership Perspectives on Effective Intergenerational Communication and Management10.4018/978-1-6684-6140-2.ch007(107-128)Online publication date: 23-Jan-2023
    • (2023)Modeling dynamic social networks using concept of neighborhood theoryIntelligent Decision Technologies10.3233/IDT-22013817:4(1383-1415)Online publication date: 20-Nov-2023
    • (2023)GFNC: Unsupervised Link Prediction Based on Gravitational Field and Node ContractionIEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems10.1109/TCSS.2022.320052610:4(1835-1851)Online publication date: Aug-2023
    • (2023)PIANO: Influence Maximization Meets Deep Reinforcement LearningIEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems10.1109/TCSS.2022.316466710:3(1288-1300)Online publication date: Jun-2023
    • (2023)Resampling reduces bias amplification in experimental social networksNature Human Behaviour10.1038/s41562-023-01715-57:12(2084-2098)Online publication date: 16-Oct-2023
    • Show More Cited By

    View Options

    Get Access

    Login options

    View options

    PDF

    View or Download as a PDF file.

    PDF

    eReader

    View online with eReader.

    eReader

    Media

    Figures

    Other

    Tables

    Share

    Share

    Share this Publication link

    Share on social media