research-article

Perception of simplification artifacts for animated characters

Authors:

Michéal Larkin,

Carol O'SullivanAuthors Info & Claims

APGV '11: Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH Symposium on Applied Perception in Graphics and Visualization

Pages 93 - 100

https://doi.org/10.1145/2077451.2077469

Published: 27 August 2011 Publication History

Abstract

For real-time animation of characters, Level of Detail (LOD) techniques are usually deployed to achieve optimal efficiency and realism. Tools that can aid an application designer or developer to deploy simplification methods and LOD representations under different circumstances are therefore needed. In this paper we explore the perception of texture, silhouette and lighting artifacts on simplified character models, including the effect animation intensity has on the perceptibility of these artifacts. We propose novel methods to simulate each artifact separately, and test their effects in isolation and cumulatively. Our results provide useful insights and guidelines, including the importance of silhouette preservation. An adaptation of PerceptualDiff for predicting simplification detection has been developed, which can be used to guide automatic model placement and LOD selection in realtime character applications.

References

[1]

Cignoni, P., Rocchini, C., and Scopigno, R. 1998. Metro: measuring error on simplified surfaces. In Computer Graphics Forum, vol. 17, 167--174.

[2]

Cohen, J., Varshney, A., Manocha, D., Turk, G., Weber, H., Agarwal, P., Brooks, F., and Wright, W. 1996. Simplification envelopes. In Proceedings of the 23rd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques, ACM, 119--128.

Digital Library

[3]

Daly, S. 1993. The visible differences predictor: an algorithm for the assessment of image fidelity. Digital images and human vision 11, 2.

Digital Library

[4]

Garland, M., and Heckbert, P. 1997. Surface simplification using quadric error metrics. In Proceedings of the 24th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques, ACM Press/Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., 216.

Digital Library

[5]

Giegl, M., and Wimmer, M. 2007. Unpopping: Solving the image-space blend problem for smooth discrete lod transitions. In Computer Graphics Forum, vol. 26, Citeseer, 46--49.

[6]

Hoppe, H. 1996. Progressive meshes. In Proceedings of the 23rd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques, ACM, 99--108.

Digital Library

[7]

Howlett, S., Hamill, J., and O'Sullivan, C. 2004. An experimental approach to predicting saliency for simplified polygonal models. In Proceedings of the 1st Symposium on Applied Perception in Graphics and Visualization, ACM, 57--64.

Digital Library

[8]

Land, M., and Hayhoe, M. 2001. In what ways do eye movements contribute to everyday activities? Vision research 41, 3559--3565.

[9]

Lee, C., Varshney, A., and Jacobs, D. 2005. Mesh saliency. ACM Transactions on Graphics 24, 659--666.

Digital Library

[10]

Lindstrom, P., and Turk, G. 2000. Image-driven simplification. ACM Transactions on Graphics (ToG) 19, 3, 241.

Digital Library

[11]

Lindstrom, P. 2000. Model simplification using image and geometry-based metrics. PhD thesis, Citeseer.

Digital Library

[12]

Luebke, D., and Hallen, B. 2001. Perceptually driven simplification for interactive rendering. In Eurographics Workshop on Rendering Techniques, 223.

Digital Library

[13]

Luebke, D., Hallen, B., Newfield, D., and Watson, B. 2000. Perceptually driven simplification using gaze-directed rendering. University of Virginia Technical Report CS-2000-04.

[14]

Luebke, D. 2003. Level of detail for 3D graphics. Morgan Kaufmann.

Digital Library

[15]

Mack, A. 2003. Inattentional blindness: Looking without seeing. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 180--184.

[16]

McDonnell, R., Newell, F., and O'Sullivan, C. 2007. Smooth movers: perceptually guided human motion simulation. In Proceedings of the 2007 Eurographics symposium on Computer animation, Eurographics Association, 269.

Digital Library

[17]

Ramasubramanian, M., Pattanaik, S., and Greenberg, D. 1999. A perceptually based physical error metric for realistic image synthesis. In Proceedings of the 26th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques, 82.

Digital Library

[18]

Rensink, R., O'Regan, J., and Clark, J. 1997. To see or not to see: The need for attention to perceive changes in scenes. Psychological Science 8, 5, 368.

[19]

Rushmeier, H., Ward, G., Piatko, C., Sanders, P., and Rust, B. 1995. Comparing real and synthetic images: Some ideas about metrics. In Proceedings of the Sixth Eurographics Workshop on Rendering, Citeseer, 213--222.

[20]

Scherzer, D., and Wimmer, M. 2008. Frame sequential interpolation for discrete level-of-detail rendering. In Computer Graphics Forum, vol. 27, 1175--1181.

Digital Library

[21]

Schwarz, M., and Stamminger, M. 2009. On predicting visual popping in dynamic scenes. In Proceedings of the 6th Symposium on Applied Perception in Graphics and Visualization, ACM, 93--100.

Digital Library

[22]

Teo, P., and Heeger, D. 1994. Perceptual image distortion. In International Symposium Digest of Technical Papers, vol. 25, Citeseer, 209--209.

[23]

Watson, B., Friedman, A., and McGaffey, A. 2001. Measuring and predicting visual fidelity. In Proceedings of the 28th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques, ACM, 220.

Digital Library

[24]

Williams, N., Luebke, D., Cohen, J., Kelley, M., and Schubert, B. 2003. Perceptually guided simplification of lit, textured meshes. In Proceedings of the 2003 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics, ACM, 121.

Digital Library

[25]

Yarbus, A., and Haigh, B. 1973. Eye movements and vision. Plenum press.

[26]

Yee, Y., and Newman, A. 2004. A perceptual metric for production testing. In ACM SIGGRAPH 2004 Sketches, ACM, 121.

Digital Library

[27]

Yee, H., Pattanaik, S., and Greenberg, D. 2001. Spatiotemporal sensitivity and visual attention for efficient rendering of dynamic environments. ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) 20, 1, 39--65.

Digital Library

Cited By

Marvie JNehmé YGraziosi DLavoué G(2023)Crafting the MPEG metrics for objective and perceptual quality assessment of volumetric videosQuality and User Experience10.1007/s41233-023-00057-48:1Online publication date: 6-Jun-2023
https://doi.org/10.1007/s41233-023-00057-4
Takikawa TLitalien JYin KKreis KLoop CNowrouzezahrai DJacobson AMcGuire MFidler S(2021)Neural Geometric Level of Detail: Real-time Rendering with Implicit 3D Shapes2021 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)10.1109/CVPR46437.2021.01120(11353-11362)Online publication date: Jun-2021
https://doi.org/10.1109/CVPR46437.2021.01120
Zell EZibrek KMcDonnell R(2019)Perception of virtual charactersACM SIGGRAPH 2019 Courses10.1145/3305366.3328101(1-17)Online publication date: 28-Jul-2019
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3305366.3328101
Show More Cited By

Index Terms

Perception of simplification artifacts for animated characters
1. Computing methodologies
  1. Artificial intelligence
    1. Computer vision
      1. Image and video acquisition
        3D imaging
  2. Computer graphics
    1. Animation

Recommendations

Perception of lighting and shading for animated virtual characters
SAP '16: Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Applied Perception

The design of lighting in Computer Graphics is directly derived from cinematography, and many digital artists follow the conventional wisdom on how lighting is set up to convey drama, appeal, or emotion. In this paper, we are interested in investigating ...
Efficient rendering of animated characters through optimized per-joint impostors

In this paper, we present a new impostor-based representation for 3D animated characters supporting real-time rendering of thousands of agents. We maximize rendering performance by using a collection of pre-computed impostors sampled from a discrete set ...
LOD-Sprite Technique for Accelerated Terrain Rendering
VISUALIZATION '99: Proceedings of the 10th IEEE Visualization 1999 Conference (VIS '99)

We present a new rendering technique, termed LOD-sprite rendering, which uses a combination of a level-of-detail (LOD) representation of the scene together with reusing image sprites (previously rendered images). Our primary application is accelerating ...

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences

APGV '11: Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH Symposium on Applied Perception in Graphics and Visualization

August 2011

128 pages

ISBN:9781450308892

DOI:10.1145/2077451

Conference Chairs:
Rachel McDonnell
Trinity College Dublin
,
Simon Thorpe
Université Toulouse 3
,
Editor:
Stephen N. Spencer
University of Washington
,
Program Chairs:
Diego Gutierrez
Universidad de Zaragoza
,
Martin Giese
University of Tübingen

Copyright © 2011 ACM.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Sponsors

SIGGRAPH: ACM Special Interest Group on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 27 August 2011

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Request Permissions

Check for updates

Author Tags

Qualifiers

Research-article

Conference

APGV '11

Sponsor:

SIGGRAPH

APGV '11: ACM Symposium on Applied Perception in Graphics & Visualization 2011

August 27 - 28, 2011

Toulouse, France

Acceptance Rates

APGV '11 Paper Acceptance Rate 19 of 33 submissions, 58%;

Overall Acceptance Rate 19 of 33 submissions, 58%

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

10
Total Citations
View Citations
309
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)6
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)1

Reflects downloads up to 03 Feb 2025

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Marvie JNehmé YGraziosi DLavoué G(2023)Crafting the MPEG metrics for objective and perceptual quality assessment of volumetric videosQuality and User Experience10.1007/s41233-023-00057-48:1Online publication date: 6-Jun-2023
https://doi.org/10.1007/s41233-023-00057-4
Takikawa TLitalien JYin KKreis KLoop CNowrouzezahrai DJacobson AMcGuire MFidler S(2021)Neural Geometric Level of Detail: Real-time Rendering with Implicit 3D Shapes2021 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)10.1109/CVPR46437.2021.01120(11353-11362)Online publication date: Jun-2021
https://doi.org/10.1109/CVPR46437.2021.01120
Zell EZibrek KMcDonnell R(2019)Perception of virtual charactersACM SIGGRAPH 2019 Courses10.1145/3305366.3328101(1-17)Online publication date: 28-Jul-2019
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3305366.3328101
Wolski KGiunchi DKinuwaki SDidyk PMyszkowski KSteed AMantiuk R(2019)Selecting texture resolution using a task‐specific visibility metricComputer Graphics Forum10.1111/cgf.1387138:7(685-696)Online publication date: 14-Nov-2019
https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.13871
Beacco APelechano NAndújar C(2015)A Survey of Real‐Time Crowd RenderingComputer Graphics Forum10.1111/cgf.1277435:8(32-50)Online publication date: 15-Oct-2015
https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.12774
Fan SWang RNg TTan CHerberg JKoenig B(2014)Human Perception of Visual Realism for Photo and Computer-Generated Face ImagesACM Transactions on Applied Perception10.1145/262003011:2(1-21)Online publication date: 30-Jul-2014
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2620030
Lavoué GMantiuk R(2014)Quality Assessment in Computer GraphicsVisual Signal Quality Assessment10.1007/978-3-319-10368-6_9(243-286)Online publication date: 16-Oct-2014
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10368-6_9
Stüvel SEnnis CEgges A(2014)Mass Population: Plausible and Practical Crowd SimulationHandbook of Digital Games10.1002/9781118796443.ch6(146-174)Online publication date: 7-Mar-2014
https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118796443.ch6
Corsini MLarabi MLavoué GPetřík OVáša LWang K(2013)Perceptual Metrics for Static and Dynamic Triangle MeshesComputer Graphics Forum10.1111/cgf.1200132:1(101-125)Online publication date: 15-Jan-2013
https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.12001
Fan SNg THerberg JKoenig BXin SZhang ZLi Z(2012)Real or Fake?SIGGRAPH Asia 2012 Technical Briefs10.1145/2407746.2407763(1-4)Online publication date: 28-Nov-2012
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2407746.2407763

View Options

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Full Access

Get this Publication

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

eReader

View online with eReader.

Figures

Tables

Media

View Table of Conten