research-article

Preemptive Uniprocessor Scheduling of Mixed-Criticality Sporadic Task Systems

Authors:

Vincenzo Bonifaci,

Gianlorenzo D'angelo,

Alberto Marchetti-Spaccamela,

Suzanne Van Der Ster,

Leen StougieAuthors Info & Claims

Journal of the ACM (JACM), Volume 62, Issue 2

Article No.: 14, Pages 1 - 33

https://doi.org/10.1145/2699435

Published: 06 May 2015 Publication History

Abstract

Systems in many safety-critical application domains are subject to certification requirements. For any given system, however, it may be the case that only a subset of its functionality is safety-critical and hence subject to certification; the rest of the functionality is non-safety-critical and does not need to be certified, or is certified to lower levels of assurance. The certification-cognizant runtime scheduling of such mixed-criticality systems is considered. An algorithm called EDF-VD (for Earliest Deadline First with Virtual Deadlines) is presented: this algorithm can schedule systems for which any number of criticality levels are defined. Efficient implementations of EDF-VD, as well as associated schedulability tests for determining whether a task system can be correctly scheduled using EDF-VD, are presented. For up to 13 criticality levels, analyses of EDF-VD, based on metrics such as processor speedup factor and utilization bounds, are derived, and conditions under which EDF-VD is optimal with respect to these metrics are identified. Finally, two extensions of EDF-VD are discussed that enhance its applicability. The extensions are aimed at scheduling a wider range of task sets, while preserving the favorable worst-case resource usage guarantees of the basic algorithm.

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Cited By

Vaidhun SShe TGu QDas SYang KGuo Z(2023)Precise Mixed-Criticality Scheduling on Varying-Speed MultiprocessorsIEEE Transactions on Computers10.1109/TC.2022.319707872:1(43-54)Online publication date: 1-Jan-2023
https://doi.org/10.1109/TC.2022.3197078
Guo ZVaidhun SArafat AGuan NYang K(2023)Stealing Static Slack Via WCRT and Sporadic P-Servers in Deadline-Driven Scheduling2023 IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS)10.1109/RTSS59052.2023.00014(40-52)Online publication date: 5-Dec-2023
https://doi.org/10.1109/RTSS59052.2023.00014
Nair APatil GAgarwal APai ARaveendran BPunnekkat S(2023)CAMP: a hierarchical cache architecture for multi-core mixed criticality processorsInternational Journal of Parallel, Emergent and Distributed Systems10.1080/17445760.2023.229391339:3(317-352)Online publication date: 19-Dec-2023
https://doi.org/10.1080/17445760.2023.2293913
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cover image Journal of the ACM

Journal of the ACM Volume 62, Issue 2

May 2015

304 pages

ISSN:0004-5411

EISSN:1557-735X

DOI:10.1145/2772377

Editor:
Victor Vianu
University of California, San Diego

Issue’s Table of Contents

Copyright © 2015 ACM.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

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Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 06 May 2015

Accepted: 01 November 2014

Revised: 01 August 2014

Received: 01 September 2013

Published in JACM Volume 62, Issue 2

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Cited By

Vaidhun SShe TGu QDas SYang KGuo Z(2023)Precise Mixed-Criticality Scheduling on Varying-Speed MultiprocessorsIEEE Transactions on Computers10.1109/TC.2022.319707872:1(43-54)Online publication date: 1-Jan-2023
https://doi.org/10.1109/TC.2022.3197078
Guo ZVaidhun SArafat AGuan NYang K(2023)Stealing Static Slack Via WCRT and Sporadic P-Servers in Deadline-Driven Scheduling2023 IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS)10.1109/RTSS59052.2023.00014(40-52)Online publication date: 5-Dec-2023
https://doi.org/10.1109/RTSS59052.2023.00014
Nair APatil GAgarwal APai ARaveendran BPunnekkat S(2023)CAMP: a hierarchical cache architecture for multi-core mixed criticality processorsInternational Journal of Parallel, Emergent and Distributed Systems10.1080/17445760.2023.229391339:3(317-352)Online publication date: 19-Dec-2023
https://doi.org/10.1080/17445760.2023.2293913
Colaco LJain PNair ARaveendran BPunnekkat S(2023)mcDVFS: cycle conserving DVFS scheduler for multi-core mixed criticality systemsInternational Journal of Parallel, Emergent and Distributed Systems10.1080/17445760.2023.224342038:5(440-458)Online publication date: 7-Aug-2023
https://doi.org/10.1080/17445760.2023.2243420
Ranjbar BEjlali AKumar ARanjbar BEjlali AKumar A(2023)Preliminaries and Related WorkQuality-of-Service Aware Design and Management of Embedded Mixed-Criticality Systems10.1007/978-3-031-38960-3_2(17-36)Online publication date: 24-Jul-2023
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-38960-3_2
Jiang XSha TLiu DChen JChen CHuang K(2022)Flexible and Dynamic Scheduling of Mixed-Criticality SystemsSensors10.3390/s2219752822:19(7528)Online publication date: 4-Oct-2022
https://doi.org/10.3390/s22197528
Ranjbar BAlikhani HSafaei BEjlali AKumar A(2022)Learning-Oriented QoS- and Drop-Aware Task Scheduling for Mixed-Criticality SystemsComputers10.3390/computers1107010111:7(101)Online publication date: 22-Jun-2022
https://doi.org/10.3390/computers11070101
She TGuo ZYang K(2022)Scheduling Constrained-Deadline Tasks in Precise Mixed-Criticality Systems on a Varying-Speed ProcessorProceedings of the 30th International Conference on Real-Time Networks and Systems10.1145/3534879.3534897(94-102)Online publication date: 7-Jun-2022
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3534879.3534897
Chaudhari ABaruah S(2022)Efficient Schedulability Analysis of Semi-Clairvoyant Sporadic Task Systems With Graceful DegradationProceedings of the 30th International Conference on Real-Time Networks and Systems10.1145/3534879.3534881(116-126)Online publication date: 7-Jun-2022
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3534879.3534881
Chwa HBaek HLee J(2022)Necessary Feasibility Analysis for Mixed-Criticality Real-Time Embedded SystemsIEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems10.1109/TPDS.2021.311861033:7(1520-1537)Online publication date: 1-Jul-2022
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