research-article

Crossover-aware Placement and Routing for Inkjet Printed Circuits

Authors:

Farhan Rasheed,

Michael Hefenbrock,

Rajendra Bishnoi,

Jasmin Aghassi-Hagmann,

Mehdi B. TahooriAuthors Info & Claims

ACM Journal on Emerging Technologies in Computing Systems (JETC), Volume 16, Issue 2

Article No.: 19, Pages 1 - 22

https://doi.org/10.1145/3375461

Published: 30 January 2020 Publication History

Abstract

Printed Electronics technology is a key-enabler for smart sensors, soft robotics, and wearables. The inkjet printed electrolyte-gated field effect transistor (EGFET) technology is a promising candidate for such applications due to its low-power operation, high field-effect mobility, and on-demand fabrication. Unlike conventional silicon-based technologies, inkjet printed electronics technology is an additive manufacturing process where multiple layers are printed on top of each other to realize functional devices such as transistors and their interconnections. Due to the additive manufacturing process, the technology has limited routing layers. For routing of complex circuits, insulating crossovers are printed at the intersection of routing paths to isolate them. The crossover can alter the electrical properties of a circuit based on specific location on a routing path. In this work, we propose a crossover-aware placement and routing (COPnR) methodology for inkjet-printed circuits by integrating the crossover constraints in our design framework. Our proposed placement methodology is based on a state-of-the-art evolutionary algorithm while the routing optimization is done using a genetic algorithm. The proposed methodology is compared with the industrial standard placement and routing (PnR) tools. On average, the proposed methodology has 38% fewer crossovers and 94% fewer failing paths compared to the industrial PnR tools applied to printed circuit designs.

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Cited By

Scholz ASauva SAghassi-Hagmann J(2023)An Inkjet-Printed Inverter Array Realizing a Physically Unclonable Function2023 IEEE International Conference on Flexible and Printable Sensors and Systems (FLEPS)10.1109/FLEPS57599.2023.10220404(1-4)Online publication date: 9-Jul-2023
https://doi.org/10.1109/FLEPS57599.2023.10220404
Rasheed FRommel MMarques GWenzel WTahoori MAghassi-Hagmann J(2021)Channel Geometry Scaling Effect in Printed Inorganic Electrolyte-Gated TransistorsIEEE Transactions on Electron Devices10.1109/TED.2021.305892968:4(1866-1871)Online publication date: Apr-2021
https://doi.org/10.1109/TED.2021.3058929
Scholz AZimmermann LSikora ATahoori MAghassi-Hagmann J(2021)Printed Low- Voltage Crossbar-PUF for Identification2021 IEEE International Flexible Electronics Technology Conference (IFETC)10.1109/IFETC49530.2021.9580520(0062-0066)Online publication date: 8-Aug-2021
https://doi.org/10.1109/IFETC49530.2021.9580520

Index Terms

Crossover-aware Placement and Routing for Inkjet Printed Circuits
1. Hardware
  1. Electronic design automation
    1. Physical design (EDA)
      1. Placement
      2. Wire routing
  2. Emerging technologies
    1. Analysis and design of emerging devices and systems
    2. Circuit substrates
      1. Flexible and printable circuits

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cover image ACM Journal on Emerging Technologies in Computing Systems

ACM Journal on Emerging Technologies in Computing Systems Volume 16, Issue 2

April 2020

261 pages

ISSN:1550-4832

EISSN:1550-4840

DOI:10.1145/3375712

Editor:
Zhaojun Bai
University of California at Davis, USA

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Copyright © 2020 ACM.

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ACM Journals for the Design of Smart and Connected Systems

Publication History

Published: 30 January 2020

Accepted: 01 December 2019

Revised: 01 October 2019

Received: 01 June 2019

Published in JETC Volume 16, Issue 2

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Cited By

Scholz ASauva SAghassi-Hagmann J(2023)An Inkjet-Printed Inverter Array Realizing a Physically Unclonable Function2023 IEEE International Conference on Flexible and Printable Sensors and Systems (FLEPS)10.1109/FLEPS57599.2023.10220404(1-4)Online publication date: 9-Jul-2023
https://doi.org/10.1109/FLEPS57599.2023.10220404
Rasheed FRommel MMarques GWenzel WTahoori MAghassi-Hagmann J(2021)Channel Geometry Scaling Effect in Printed Inorganic Electrolyte-Gated TransistorsIEEE Transactions on Electron Devices10.1109/TED.2021.305892968:4(1866-1871)Online publication date: Apr-2021
https://doi.org/10.1109/TED.2021.3058929
Scholz AZimmermann LSikora ATahoori MAghassi-Hagmann J(2021)Printed Low- Voltage Crossbar-PUF for Identification2021 IEEE International Flexible Electronics Technology Conference (IFETC)10.1109/IFETC49530.2021.9580520(0062-0066)Online publication date: 8-Aug-2021
https://doi.org/10.1109/IFETC49530.2021.9580520

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