research-article

RAC-Chain: An Asynchronous Consensus-based Cross-chain Approach to Scalable Blockchain for Metaverse

Authors:

Zijian ZhangAuthors Info & Claims

ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications and Applications, Volume 20, Issue 7

Article No.: 187, Pages 1 - 24

https://doi.org/10.1145/3586011

Published: 27 March 2024 Publication History

Abstract

The metaverse, as an emerging technical term, conceptually aims to construct a virtual digital space that runs parallel to the physical world. Due to human behaviors and interactions being represented in the virtual world, security in the metaverse is a challenging issue in which the traditional centralized service model is one of the threat sources. To conquer the obstacle caused by centralized computing, blockchain-based solutions are potential problem-solving methods. However, it is difficult for a single blockchain to support large-scale data and business services in the metaverse, due to the scalability restrictions. Moreover, multi-chain settings also encounter the interoperability issues. In this work, we propose a Relay chain and Asynchronous consensus-based Consortium blockchain cross-Chain model, which realizes message transmission and cross-chain transactions in multiple chains by adopting the relay chain and cross-chain gateways. All nodes of the application chains and the relay chain execute cross-chain transactions in sequence and reach a consensus on transactions at any transmission delay. Our experiment evaluations demonstrate that our approach performs well in atomicity, security, and functionality (cross-chain transactions), such that the performance of blockchain scalability in the metaverse can be improved, compared with the traditional relay chain schemes.

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Cited By

Wang ZGai K(2024)Decision Tree-Based Federated Learning: A SurveyBlockchains10.3390/blockchains20100032:1(40-60)Online publication date: 7-Mar-2024
https://doi.org/10.3390/blockchains2010003
Wang ZGuo HGai K(2024)Decision Tree-based Privacy Protection in Federated Learning: A Survey2024 IEEE 10th Conference on Big Data Security on Cloud (BigDataSecurity)10.1109/BigDataSecurity62737.2024.00028(119-124)Online publication date: 10-May-2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/BigDataSecurity62737.2024.00028

Index Terms

RAC-Chain: An Asynchronous Consensus-based Cross-chain Approach to Scalable Blockchain for Metaverse

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Published In

cover image ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications

ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications Volume 20, Issue 7

July 2024

973 pages

EISSN:1551-6865

DOI:10.1145/3613662

Editor:
Abdulmotaleb El Saddik
Mohamed Bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence, UAE and University of Ottawa, Canada

Issue’s Table of Contents

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected].

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Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 27 March 2024

Online AM: 02 March 2023

Accepted: 12 February 2023

Revised: 15 January 2023

Received: 31 July 2022

Published in TOMM Volume 20, Issue 7

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National Key Research and Development Program of China
National Natural Science Foundation of China

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Cited By

Wang ZGai K(2024)Decision Tree-Based Federated Learning: A SurveyBlockchains10.3390/blockchains20100032:1(40-60)Online publication date: 7-Mar-2024
https://doi.org/10.3390/blockchains2010003
Wang ZGuo HGai K(2024)Decision Tree-based Privacy Protection in Federated Learning: A Survey2024 IEEE 10th Conference on Big Data Security on Cloud (BigDataSecurity)10.1109/BigDataSecurity62737.2024.00028(119-124)Online publication date: 10-May-2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/BigDataSecurity62737.2024.00028

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