脯

脯 U+812F, 脯 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-812F ← 脮 [U+812E] CJK Unified Ideographs 脰 → [U+8130]

Translingual

Han character

脯 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 月戈十月 (BIJB), four-corner 7322₇, composition ⿰月甫)

Derived characters

• 䔕, 䈻

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 985, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29543
• Dae Jaweon: page 1437, character 8
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2076, character 3
• Unihan data for U+812F

Chinese

trad.		脯
simp. #		脯

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (甫) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
豧	*pʰoːs, *pʰa, *pʰas
縛	*baːɡs, *baɡ
逋	*paː
餔	*paː, *baːs
晡	*paː
庯	*paː
陠	*paː, *pʰaː
鵏	*paː, *baːs
峬	*paː
誧	*paː, *pʰaː, *pʰaːʔ, *pʰaːs
秿	*paː, *pʰa, *baʔ
鯆	*paː, *pʰaː, *paʔ
補	*paːʔ
圃	*paːʔ, *paːs
鋪	*pʰaː, *pʰaːs, *pʰa
痡	*pʰaː, *pʰa
浦	*pʰaːʔ
烳	*pʰaːʔ
溥	*pʰaːʔ, *paːɡ
悑	*pʰaːs
酺	*baː
匍	*baː
蜅	*baː, *paʔ
脯	*baː, *paʔ
葡	*baː
蒱	*baː
蒲	*baː
簿	*baːʔ, *baːɡ
捕	*baːs
哺	*baːs
簠	*pa, *paʔ, *pʰas
甫	*paʔ
黼	*paʔ
莆	*paʔ
俌	*paʔ, *pʰaʔ
郙	*paʔ, *pʰa
傅	*paɡs
搏	*paɡs, *paːɡ, *pʰaːɡ
麱	*pʰa
尃	*pʰa
榑	*ba
輔	*baʔ
鬴	*baʔ
賻	*baɡs
博	*paːɡ
髆	*paːɡ
鎛	*paːɡ
猼	*paːɡ
餺	*paːɡ
簙	*paːɡ
鑮	*paːɡ, *baːɡ
欂	*paːɡ, *baɡ, *breːɡ
蒪	*pʰaːɡ
膊	*pʰaːɡ
薄	*baːɡ
礡	*baːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *baː, *paʔ) : semantic ⺼ + phonetic 甫 (OC *paʔ).

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): pú (pu²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄨˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): pou⁴
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): pô͘ / phô͘

  (Teochew, Peng'im): pou²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: pú
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄨˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: pú
    • Wade–Giles: pʻu²
    • Yale: pú
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pwu
    • Palladius: пу (pu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰu³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: pou⁴
    • Yale: pòuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: pou⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: pou⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰou̯²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pô͘
    • Tâi-lô: pôo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: poo
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pɔ¹³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /pɔ²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phô͘
    • Tâi-lô: phôo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phoo
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Xiamen): /pʰɔ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰɔ¹³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: pou²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phóu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰou⁵²/

---

• Middle Chinese: pjuX

Rime
Character	脯
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	虞 (24)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	方矩切
Baxter	pjuX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pɨoX/
Pan Wuyun	/pioX/
Shao Rongfen	/pioX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/puə̆X/
Li Rong	/pioX/
Wang Li	/pĭuX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/pi̯uX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fǔ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fu2

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*p(r)aʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*baː/, /*paʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	脯
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fǔ
Middle Chinese	‹ pjuX ›
Old Chinese	/*p(r)aʔ/
English	dried meat
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	脯	脯
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	3438	3450
Phonetic component	甫	甫
Rime group	魚	魚
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	酺	甫
Old Chinese	/*baː/	/*paʔ/
Notes	原有草頭，今字省

Definitions

脯

1. chest; breast

Compounds

• 拍胸脯 (pāixiōngpú)
• 拔脯兒／拔脯儿
• 拔脯子
• 氣夯胸脯／气夯胸脯
• 胸脯 (xiōngpú)
• 脯子

 

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): fǔ (fu³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): fu² / pou²
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hú / pó͘

  (Teochew, Peng'im): bou²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: fǔ
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: fǔ
    • Wade–Giles: fu³
    • Yale: fǔ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fuu
    • Palladius: фу (fu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fu²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: fu² / pou²
    • Yale: fú / póu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fu² / pou²
    • Guangdong Romanization: fu² / pou²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fuː³⁵/, /pʰou̯³⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hú / pó͘
    • Tâi-lô: hú / póo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: huo, por
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hu⁵³/, /pɔ⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hu⁵⁵⁴/, /pɔ⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hu⁵³/, /pɔ⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hu⁵³/, /pɔ⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hu⁴¹/, /pɔ⁴¹/

Note:

• hú - literary;
• pó͘ - vernacular.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: bou²
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: póu
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pou⁵²/

---

• Middle Chinese: pjuX

Rime
Character	脯
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	虞 (24)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	方矩切
Baxter	pjuX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pɨoX/
Pan Wuyun	/pioX/
Shao Rongfen	/pioX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/puə̆X/
Li Rong	/pioX/
Wang Li	/pĭuX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/pi̯uX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fǔ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fu2

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*p(r)aʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*baː/, /*paʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	脯
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fǔ
Middle Chinese	‹ pjuX ›
Old Chinese	/*p(r)aʔ/
English	dried meat
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	脯	脯
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	3438	3450
Phonetic component	甫	甫
Rime group	魚	魚
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	酺	甫
Old Chinese	/*baː/	/*paʔ/
Notes	原有草頭，今字省

Definitions

脯

1. dried meat
2. sun-dried candied fruit; preserved fruit

Compounds

• 杏脯 (xìngfǔ)
• 果脯 (guǒfǔ)
• 漏脯充饑／漏脯充饥
• 筍脯／笋脯
• 箑脯
• 肉山脯林
• 肉脯 (ròufǔ)
• 脩脯
• 脯資／脯资
• 脯醢
• 菜脯 (càifǔ)
• 豆脯
• 鹿脯

 

References

• “脯”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

脯

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: ふ (fu)、ぶ (bu)
• Kan-on: ふ (fu)、ほ (ho)
• Kan’yō-on: ほ (ho)
• Kun: ほじし (hojishi)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 脯 (MC pjuX). Recorded as Middle Korean 포〯 (phwǒ) (Yale: phwo) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource

脯 (eumhun 포 포 (po po))

1. hanja form^? of 포 (“dried meat”)

Compounds

Compounds

• 육포 (肉脯, yukpo)
• 건포 (乾脯, geonpo)
• 우포 (牛脯, upo)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]