vika
English
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Pijin vika, from Vangunu [Term?], a Solomon Islands language.
Noun
editvika (plural vikas)
- A large, tree-dwelling rodent (Uromys vika) found in the Solomon Islands
- Synonym: Vangunu giant rat
Translations
edit
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References
edit- Uromys vika on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- Uromys vika on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
- Uromys on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
Anagrams
editEsperanto
editAlternative forms
editPronunciation
editAdjective
editvika (accusative singular vikan, plural vikaj, accusative plural vikajn)
Related terms
editFaroese
editEtymology
editFrom Old Norse vika, from Proto-Germanic *wikǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *weyg- (“to bend, wind, turn, yield”).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editvika f (genitive singular viku, plural vikur)
Declension
editDeclension of vika | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
f1 | singular | plural | ||
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | vika | vikan | vikur | vikurnar |
accusative | viku | vikuna | vikur | vikurnar |
dative | viku | vikuni | vikum | vikunum |
genitive | viku | vikunnar | vika | vikanna |
Derived terms
edit- vikuskifti (“weekend”)
Finnish
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editFrom Proto-Finnic *vika, possibly borrowed from Proto-Germanic *swiką. Cognate with Estonian viga.
Noun
editvika
- flaw, malfunction, failure, problem
- Koneessa on vika.
- There is a malfunction in the machine.
- Kun hän näki vian, hän vain kohautti olkapäitään ja alkoi korjata sitä.
- When he saw the problem, he just shrugged and started fixing it.
- fault, error, mistake
- Se on sinun vikasi.
- It is your fault.
- flaw, stain (in character)
- Kaikissa meissä vikaa on.
- Everyone has their flaws.
- (something) wrong
- Onko jokin vialla?
- Is something wrong?
- Älä valita! Ruoassasi ei ole mitään vikaa.
- Stop complaining! There's nothing wrong with your food.
- Kännykässäni on jotain vikaa.
- Something is wrong with my cellphone.
Declension
editInflection of vika (Kotus type 9*D/kala, k-∅ gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | vika | viat | |
genitive | vian | vikojen | |
partitive | vikaa | vikoja | |
illative | vikaan | vikoihin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | vika | viat | |
accusative | nom. | vika | viat |
gen. | vian | ||
genitive | vian | vikojen vikain rare | |
partitive | vikaa | vikoja | |
inessive | viassa | vioissa | |
elative | viasta | vioista | |
illative | vikaan | vikoihin | |
adessive | vialla | vioilla | |
ablative | vialta | vioilta | |
allative | vialle | vioille | |
essive | vikana | vikoina | |
translative | viaksi | vioiksi | |
abessive | viatta | vioitta | |
instructive | — | vioin | |
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Derived terms
edit- jalkavika
- kehitysvika
- konevika
- korkkivika
- korkkivikainen
- kulumisvika
- kuulovika
- käsivika
- laatuvika
- lahovika
- linjavika
- lonkkavika
- luonnevika
- läppävika
- mielenvikainen
- moottorivika
- pikkuvika
- pintavika
- puhevika
- purentavika
- rakennevika
- ryhtivika
- selkävika
- sukuvika
- sydänhermovika
- sydänvika
- syntymävika
- sähkövika
- taittovika
- tekovika
- tyyppivika
- valmistusvika
- valuvika
- vianetsintä
- vianmääritys
- vikahälytys
- vikailmoitus
- vikakierre
- vikapaikka
- vikapisto
- vikapää
- vikasieto
- vikasietoisuus
- vikasietotila
- vikasoitto
- vikatiheys
- vikatikki
- vikatilanne
- vikatilasto
- vikavalo
- vikavirtasuojakytkin
- värivika
- ärrävika
- ässävika
Further reading
edit- “1. vika”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-01
Etymology 2
editClipping of viimeinen (“last”). See also -ka.
Adjective
editvika (colloquial)
Declension
editInflection of vika (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | vika | vikat | |
genitive | vikan | vikojen | |
partitive | vikaa | vikoja | |
illative | vikaan | vikoihin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | vika | vikat | |
accusative | nom. | vika | vikat |
gen. | vikan | ||
genitive | vikan | vikojen vikain rare | |
partitive | vikaa | vikoja | |
inessive | vikassa | vikoissa | |
elative | vikasta | vikoista | |
illative | vikaan | vikoihin | |
adessive | vikalla | vikoilla | |
ablative | vikalta | vikoilta | |
allative | vikalle | vikoille | |
essive | vikana | vikoina | |
translative | vikaksi | vikoiksi | |
abessive | vikatta | vikoitta | |
instructive | — | vikoin | |
comitative | — | vikoine |
Possessive forms of vika (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Derived terms
editFurther reading
edit- “2. vika”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][3] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-01
Anagrams
editIcelandic
editEtymology
editFrom Old Norse vika, from Proto-Germanic *wikǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *weyg- (“to bend, wind, turn, yield”).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editvika f (genitive singular viku, nominative plural vikur)
Declension
editDerived terms
editIngrian
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Finnic *vika. Cognates include Finnish vika and Estonian viga.
Pronunciation
edit- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈʋikɑ/, [ˈʋikɑ]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈʋikɑ/, [ˈʋiɡ̊ɑ]
- Rhymes: -ikɑ
- Hyphenation: vi‧ka
Noun
editvika
Declension
editDeclension of vika (type 3/kana, k- gradation, gemination) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | vika | viat |
genitive | vian | vikkoin |
partitive | vikkaa | vikoja |
illative | vikkaa | vikkoi |
inessive | vias | viois |
elative | viast | vioist |
allative | vialle | vioille |
adessive | vial | vioil |
ablative | vialt | vioilt |
translative | viaks | vioiks |
essive | vikanna, vikkaan | vikoinna, vikkoin |
exessive1) | vikant | vikoint |
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. |
References
edit- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 664
Norwegian Bokmål
editAlternative forms
editNoun
editvika m or f
Norwegian Nynorsk
editEtymology 1
editFrom Old Norse víkin f, definite form of Old Norse vík f.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editvika f
Etymology 2
editFrom Old Norse vika (“week”), from Proto-Germanic *wikǭ (“turn, succession”),[1] from Proto-Indo-European *weyg- (“to bend, wind”). Related to Proto-Germanic *wīkaną (“to bend, yield”).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editvika f (definite singular vika, indefinite plural viker or vikor, definite plural vikene or vikone)
Etymology 3
editFrom Old Norse víka, víkja, víkva.
Alternative forms
edit- vikja (weak verb)
Pronunciation
editVerb
editvika (present tense vik, past tense veik, supine vike, past participle viken, present participle vikande, imperative vik)
- (intransitive) to give away, yield
- (intransitive) to look away, turn aside, waver
- (intransitive) to recede, retreat
- (intransitive) to depart, go away, leave
Derived terms
editReferences
editOld Norse
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Germanic *wikǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *weyg- (“to bend, wind, turn, yield”).
Noun
editvika f
Declension
editDescendants
edit- Icelandic: vika
- Faroese: vika
- Norn: voga
- Norwegian Nynorsk: veke, vika, viku; (dialectal) vyku, vuku, væka
- Jamtish: vuku
- Elfdalian: wiku
- Old Swedish: vika
- Swedish: vecka
- Old Danish: uka, uku, wiku
- Old Gutnish: wika
References
edit- “vika”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Old Swedish
editEtymology 1
editFrom Old Norse vika, from Proto-Germanic *wikǭ.
Noun
editvika f
Declension
editsingular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | vika | vikan | viku(r), -o(r) | vikuna(r), -ona(r) |
accusative | viku, -o | vikuna, -ona | viku(r), -o(r) | vikuna(r), -ona(r) |
dative | viku, -o | vikunni, -onne | vikum, -om | vikumin, -omen |
genitive | viku, -o | vikunna(r), -onna(r) | vika | vikanna |
Descendants
edit- Swedish: vecka
Etymology 2
editFrom Old Norse víkja, from Proto-Germanic *wīkwaną.
Verb
editvīka
Declension
editpresent | past | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | vīka | — | |||
participle | vīkandi, vīkande | vikin | |||
active voice | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
iæk | vīker | vīki, vīke | — | vēk | viki, vike |
þū | vīker | vīki, vīke | vīk | vēkt | viki, vike |
han | vīker | vīki, vīke | — | vēk | viki, vike |
vīr | vīkum, vīkom | vīkum, vīkom | vīkum, vīkom | vikum, vikom | vikum, vikom |
īr | vīkin | vīkin | vīkin | vikin | vikin |
þēr | vīka | vīkin | — | viku, viko | vikin |
mediopassive voice | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
iæk | — | — | — | — | — |
þū | — | — | — | — | — |
han | — | — | — | — | — |
vīr | — | — | — | — | — |
īr | — | — | — | — | — |
þēr | — | — | — | — | — |
Descendants
edit- Swedish: vika
Serbo-Croatian
editPronunciation
editNoun
editvȉka f (Cyrillic spelling ви̏ка)
Declension
editRelated terms
editSwedish
editEtymology
editFrom Old Swedish vīka, from Old Norse víkja, víkva (to fold, turn, head in a direction), from Proto-Germanic *wīkwaną. Cognate to Swedish vicka (wiggle).
The adverb in the phrase ge vika comes from Low German wike/weke gewen, where the noun wike means concession, escape.[1] Compare German weichen.
Pronunciation
editAudio: (file)
Verb
editvika (present viker, preterite vek, supine vikt or vikit, imperative vik)
- to fold (into several layers)
- De vikte tvätt
- They were folding laundry
- (colloquial) to dedicate (time), to designate a period of time for a certain action
- Jag viker en dag åt mässan.
- I am dedicating a day to the expo.
- (colloquial) to dedicate, to set aside for a special person or a special use
- De här kakorna har jag vikt åt stackars Tom – rör dem inte!
- These cookies I have put aside for poor Tom – don't touch them!
- (reflexive) to give up, to give in (under pressure), to budge
- Mona Sahlin viker sig inte i första taget.
- Mona Sahlin doesn't give up easily.
- (reflexive) to bend (for example from laughing or in pain)
- De skrattade så att de vek sig.
- They were rolling on the floor laughing.
- (usually with in) to turn (slightly, while moving)
- Vi vek in på en stig som vi aldrig hade gått förut
- We turned onto a path that we had never walked before
- (with av) to turn (while moving (so as to deviate from a path – sometimes figuratively))
- Vi vek av från huvudleden, in på en grusväg
- We turned off the main road onto a dirt road
- (with av) to deviate (more generally)
- Synonym: (more common) avvika
- (in "vika åt sidan" or "vika hädan") to move aside, (often) to step aside
- Folk vek åt sidan när han gick genom rummet med svärdet i hand
- People moved aside as he walked through the room with his sword in hand
- Vik hädan dödlig!
- Step aside, mortal!
- (transitive) (vika ut) to unfold, to open a foldout
- (reflexive) (vika ut) to expose oneself as a (more-or-less nude) centerfold, to appear (nude) in a magazine or online
- Ungdomar viker ut sig som aldrig förr.
- Youngsters expose themselves like never before.
- (reflexive, figuratively) to talk openly (on personal topics)
- (reflexive) to sleep, to go to bed
- Jag går och viker mig.
- I'm going to go to bed.
Conjugation
editActive | Passive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | vika | vikas | ||
Supine | vikt, vikit | vikts, vikits | ||
Imperative | vik | — | ||
Imper. plural1 | viken | — | ||
Present | Past | Present | Past | |
Indicative | viker | vek | viks, vikes | veks |
Ind. plural1 | vika | veko | vikas | vekos |
Subjunctive2 | vike | veke | vikes | vekes |
Participles | ||||
Present participle | vikande | |||
Past participle | vikt, viken | |||
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs. |
Derived terms
edit- vika ihop (“fold up, fold”)
Related terms
editSee also
edit- fälla (“to fold (something more or less rigid (so as to bring it into or out of a more compact and often "deactivated" state))”)
- veckla
Adverb
editvika
- (in the expression: ge vika) to give way, to give in, to fold (under pressure)
- De föll fem meter när golvet gav vika
- They fell five meters when the floor gave way
- De gav vika för barnens tjat
- They gave in to their children's nagging
- Han blev tvungen att ge vika för deras vilja
- He was forced to give in to their will
- Muren började ge vika för murbräckan
- The wall was starting to give way to the battering ram
References
edit- ^ Vika in Svenska Akademiens ordlista öfver svenska språket (6th ed., 1889)
Further reading
edit- vika in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- vika in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- vika in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
Anagrams
editVotic
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Finnic *vika.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editvika
Inflection
editDeclension of vika (type III/jalkõ, k-g gradation) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | vika | vigad |
genitive | viga | vikojõ, vikoi |
partitive | vikka | vikoitõ, vikoi |
illative | vikkasõ, vikka | vikoisõ |
inessive | vigaz | vikoiz |
elative | vigassõ | vikoissõ |
allative | vigalõ | vikoilõ |
adessive | vigallõ | vikoillõ |
ablative | vigaltõ | vikoiltõ |
translative | vigassi | vikoissi |
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive. ***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive. |
References
edit- Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) “vika”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn
Xhosa
editEtymology
edit(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Verb
edit-vika?
- (transitive) to avoid
Inflection
editThis verb needs an inflection-table template.
- English terms borrowed from Pijin
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