Iron Cove Bridge

Iron Cove Bridge
The heritage-listed truss Iron Cove Bridge, pictured in 2006
Coordinates	33°51′32″S 151°09′44″E
Carries	Victoria Road Inner West Busway Motor vehicles
Crosses	Iron Cove
Locale	City of Canada Bay, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Begins	Drummoyne (west)
Ends	Rozelle (east)
Other name(s)	RTA Bridge No. 65
Owner	Transport for NSW
Characteristics
Design	Pratt truss bridge
Material	Steel
Trough construction	Reinforced concrete
Total length	461.26 metres (1,513 ft)
Width	13.7 metres (45 ft)
Longest span	52 metres (171 ft)
No. of spans	11: 4 approach; 7 bridge
Clearance below	12 metres (39 ft)
History
Designer	Laurie Challis
Contracted lead designer	NSW Department of Main Roads
Fabrication by	Clyde Engineering Co. Ltd
Construction start	1947
Opened	July 1955 (1955-07)
Replaces	Iron Cove Bridge (1882–1955)
New South Wales Heritage Register
Official name	Iron Cove Bridge; RTA Bridge No. 65
Type	State heritage (built)
Designated	21 July 2003
Reference no.	s.170
Type	Road Bridge
Category	Transport – Land
Location
References

The Iron Cove Bridge is a heritage-listed road bridge that carries Victoria Road (A40) across Iron Cove, between the Sydney suburbs of Drummoyne and Rozelle. Iron Cove is an arm of Sydney Harbour (Port Jackson).

First bridge

Iron Cove Bridge (former)
Coordinates	33°51′32″S 151°09′44″E
Characteristics
Material	Wrought iron
Total length	347 metres (1,137 ft 3 in)
Width	7 metres (24 ft)
Longest span	38 metres (126 ft)
No. of spans	9
Piers in water	8
History
Construction start	April 1878
Opened	22 November 1882
Replaced by	Iron Cove Bridge (1955–current)
References

The original Iron Cove Bridge was constructed of nine wrought iron lattice girder spans each 38.5 m long, and opened in 1882 after four years of construction. In conjunction with the opening of the first Gladesville Bridge the previous year, the opening of the bridge provided a ferry-free route for road traffic from Sydney via Drummoyne to the Ryde area and then in 1885, with the opening of the first Fig Tree Bridge across the Lane Cove River, to the North Shore.

All that remains at Iron Cove of the original bridge are the sandstone abutments situated on both sides of the cove approximately 20 metres (66 ft) south of the current bridge. The abutment on the Drummoyne side is listed on the local government heritage list.

Reuse of Bridge Components

When the replacement bridge was opened in 1955, Gordon Duff, the Shire Engineer for Jemalong Shire Council (now part of Forbes Shire) negotiated with the Department of Main Roads to buy the lattice girders from the original bridge for £18,000 and had them transported to Forbes, and they were re-used by Jemalong Shire to build a number of bridges. Because of their good resistance to corrosion and the relatively low humidity in the area, all nine of the 1882 bridge's pairs of girders are still in use in three bridges on country roads in the Forbes district. The longest of these is the Bundaburrah Creek bridge on New Grenfell Road 9 km southeast of Forbes, for which five of the nine pairs of girders were reused. This bridge opened in March 1961. The Mafeking Bridge over Back Creek on Wirrinya Rd 30 km south of the Newell Hwy used one pair of trusses. However this bridge was replaced by a new two-span bridge in mid 2023.

Current bridges

A decision to replace the original bridge was made in 1939 just prior to the outbreak of World War II. Design work began in 1942 but due to the Second World War construction by Hornibrook McKenzie Clarke Pty Ltd was unable to be commenced until 1947. The bridge was officially opened by the Hon. J.J. Cahill, MLA, Premier and Colonial Treasurer of NSW on 30 July 1955.

Designed by Laurie Challis from the NSW Department of Main Roads, the Iron Cove Bridge is an impressive steel truss bridge. It consists of four 18-metre (59 ft) plate girder approach spans and seven 52-metre (171 ft) steel Pratt truss spans for a total length of 461.26 metres (1,513 ft). Four lanes of traffic are located within the truss spans and the overall width of the roadway is 13.7 metres (45 ft) between kerbs. The roadway consists of a 127-millimetre (5 in) reinforced concrete deck slab with an inset for tram tracks in the centre portion.

The bridge has aesthetically distinctive piers and abutments which reflect the Inter-War Art Deco style. Furthermore, it was the last steel truss bridge to be constructed in New South Wales in which rivets were used for field connections prior to the introduction of high strength bolts.

The bridge was built to carry four lanes of traffic, however a fifth lane was later added to the southwest side of the bridge, cantilevered outside the trusses, forcing traffic to remain in the lane for the length of the bridge. Until the bridge duplication was completed in 2011, the default configuration was three westbound and two eastbound lanes, switching to two westbound and three eastbound lanes during the morning peak.

Bridge duplication

Iron Cove Bridge (duplication)
Coordinates	33°51′32″S 151°09′44″E
Carries	Victoria Road Inner West Busway Motor vehicles Grade-separated shared pedestrian footpath and cycleway
Characteristics
Design	Box girder
Material	Concrete
History
Construction start	July 2009 (2009-07)
Opened	28 January 2011 (2011-01-28)

In April 2009, the NSW Government approved plans to construct a second bridge over Iron Cove as part of the Inner West Busway along Victoria Road.

During the proposal phase there were strong protests against the duplicate bridge being built from local residents as well as both local area councils of the City of Canada Bay (Drummoyne side) and Leichhardt (Rozelle side). Local residents within both Drummoyne and Rozelle formed the Victoria Road Community and organised public demonstrations, the last of which on 29 March 2009 attracted over 3000 protest marchers. Opposition to the new bridge was based on independent evaluations concluding that there would be only slight improvements to traffic congestion citybound on Victoria Road during peak hour while local congestion would worsen. Additionally, parkland on both sides of the new bridge would be reduced and independent environmental studies showed the local environment detrimentally impacted by the new bridge construction.

Work on the duplicate bridge commenced in July 2009 and the bridge was opened to traffic late on 28 January 2011. The new bridge was constructed on the western side of the 1955 bridge and carries three westbound traffic lanes with one lane designated as a morning peak bus lane. There is also a 4.3-metre-wide (14 ft) grade-separated shared pedestrian footpath and cycleway on the western side of the new bridge which connects to both The Bay Run and Victoria Road. The 1955 bridge now carries three citybound traffic lanes and a 24-hour bus lane. The additional lane of the 1955 bridge outside the bridge supports was closed and is now only used for maintenance reasons.

See also

• List of bridges in Sydney
• List of Art Deco buildings in Sydney
• The Bay Run, a popular pathway for joggers, walkers and cyclists which passes across Iron Cove Bridge

References

Attribution

This Wikipedia article contains material from Iron Cove Bridge, entry number s.170 in the New South Wales State Heritage Register published by the State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) 2020 under CC-BY 4.0 licence, accessed on 14 April 2020.

Further reading

• Lawrence, J.; Warne, C. (1995). A Pictorial History of Balmain to Glebe. Kingsclear Books. ISBN 0-908272-40-5.
• "Iron Cove Bridge". RTA Heritage and Conservation Register. Roads and Traffic Authority, New South Wales.
• "About Us". Website. Baulderstone Hornibrook. Retrieved 1 October 2006.

External links

Media related to Iron Cove Bridge at Wikimedia Commons

• Roads and Traffic Authority, New South Wales
• Inner West Busway (RTA)
• Duplication proposal (RTA)
• Local Images at InnerWest ImageBank
• Local History Collection, Leichhardt Council
• Victoria Road Community Committee Inc