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Israel at the Olympics

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Israel at the
Olympics
IOC codeISR
NOCOlympic Committee of Israel
Websitewww.olympicsil.co.il (in Hebrew and English)
Medals
Ranked 73rd
Gold
4
Silver
6
Bronze
10
Total
20
Summer appearances
Winter appearances

Israel has competed at the Olympic Games as a nation since 1952. Its National Olympic Committee was formed in 1933, during the British Mandate of Palestine.[1] Israel has sent a team to each Summer Olympic Games since 1952 (except when it participated in the American-led boycott of the 1980 Summer Olympics), and to each Winter Olympic Games since 1994. Israel became a member of the European Olympic Committees (EOC) in 1994. At the 2024 Summer Olympics, Israel won seven Olympic medals, the most up until this point, breaking Israel's record for Olympic medals per Olympics.

Medal tables

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See also: All-time Olympic Games medal table

Medals by summer sport

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Sports  Gold  Silver  Bronze Total Rank
 Gymnastics 2 2 0 4 30
 Sailing 2 1 2 5 22
 Judo 0 3 6 9 39
 Canoeing 0 0 1 1 42
 Taekwondo 0 0 1 1 39
Total 4 6 10 20 73

List of medalists

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Games Sport Event Medal Name Ref.
1992 Barcelona Judo Women's ‍–‍61 kg  Silver Yael Arad [2]
Men's ‍–‍71 kg  Bronze Oren Smadja [3]
1996 Atlanta Sailing Men's Mistral One Design  Bronze Gal Fridman [4]
2000 Sydney Canoeing Men's K-1 500 metres  Bronze Michael Kolganov [5]
2004 Athens Sailing Men's Mistral One Design  Gold Gal Fridman [4]
Judo Men's ‍–‍100 kg  Bronze Ariel Ze'evi [6]
2008 Beijing Sailing Men's RS:X  Bronze Shahar Tzuberi [7]
2016 Rio de Janeiro Judo Women's ‍–‍63 kg  Bronze Yarden Gerbi [8]
Men's +100 kg  Bronze Or Sasson [9]
2020 Tokyo Gymnastics Men's floor  Gold Artem Dolgopyat [10]
Gymnastics Women's rhythmic individual all-around  Gold Linoy Ashram [11]
Taekwondo Women's ‍–‍49 kg  Bronze Avishag Semberg [12]
Judo Mixed team  Bronze Israel national judo team
 [13]
2024 Paris Sailing Men's iQFoil  Gold Tom Reuveny
Women's iQFoil  Silver Sharon Kantor
Gymnastics Men's floor  Silver Artem Dolgopyat
Gymnastics Women's rhythmic group all-around  Silver
Judo Women's ‍–‍78 kg  Silver Inbar Lanir
Women's +78 kg  Silver Raz Hershko
Men's ‍–‍100 kg  Bronze Peter Paltchik


History

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See also: Jewish Olympics
Israeli postal stamp, 1964

In 1933 the Palestine National Olympic Committee was officially formed, and was recognized by the International Olympic Committee in May 1934.[14] It never competed as the 1936 games were held in Nazi Germany and were boycotted by this Jewish Olympic committee, while the 1940 and 1944 games were cancelled due to World War II.[1] Although the Palestine National committee represented Muslims, Jews, and Christians living in British-ruled Mandatory Palestine, its rules stated that they "represent[ed] the Jewish National Home."[1] In 1948, shortly after the State of Israel was established, its request to participate in the 1948 Olympics (symbolically represented by Raya Bronstein and Frieda Berson-Lichtblau [he][15]) was denied, as Mandatory Palestine had ceased to exist and the newly formed State of Israel wasn't yet recognized by IOC.[16] In 1951 the National Olympic Committee was re-organized and changed the name to the Olympic Committee of Israel, and was recognized by the International Olympic Committee in 1952.

Israel was previously part of the Asian Games Federation until it was disbanded in 1981. In 1982 instead of joining the new Olympic Council of Asia, Israel opted to join the European Olympic Committees.[17]

Competing

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Israeli judoka Peter Paltchik at the 2024 Summer Olympics

Israel won its first Olympic medal in its tenth Olympic appearance, in 1992, in Judo when Yael Arad won a silver medal.[2] She was followed a day later by another judoka, Oren Smadja, who won bronze.[3] Since then, Israel won a bronze medal in five successive Summer Olympics until the streak ended in 2012. Additionally, in 2004, Gal Fridman became Israel's first gold medallist, in men's windsurfing.[4] This was his second medal, following his bronze in 1996,[4] and he became the first individual multi-medallist, followed in 2024 by Artem Dolgopyat. Israel also won 2 bronze medals in 2016. In the postponed 2020 Games Israel received 2 gold medals, won by Artem Dolgopyat in men's gymnastics (floor routine), and Linoy Ashram in women's rhythmic gymnastics (individual all-around), and 2 bronze medals, one won by Avishag Semberg in taekwondo, and 1 won by the judo Mixed team. As a member of the Israel national judo Mixed team, Ori Sasson became Israel's second multi-medalist, while the latter bronze one is a shared one. Through 2022, Israel has not won any medals in the Winter Olympics.

Ágnes Keleti, who immigrated to Israel in 1957, holds more medals than any other Israeli citizen. During the 1952 and 1956 Summer Olympics Ágnes won 10 medals competing for Hungary at the Olympics.[18] The only Jew to hold more medals than Keleti is American swimmer Mark Spitz, who won 11.[19]

Israel has been more successful at the Paralympic Games than at the Olympics, with 375 medals between 1960 and 2016.[20]

Conflicts with nations

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See also: Boycotts of Israel in sports

1972 Summer Olympics

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Main article: Munich massacre

Eleven members of the Israeli Olympic team were murdered by the Black September Organization during the Munich massacre.[21] The tragedy caused the Israeli delegation to withdraw from the remainder of the Games.

The murdered people were:

On 3 August 2016, two days prior to the start of the 2016 Summer Olympics, the International Olympic Committee officially honored the Israelis killed for the first time.[22] They were also honored during the Opening Ceremonies of the 2020 Summer Olympics.

1980 Summer Olympics

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Israel was one of the countries that boycotted the Moscow Olympics in protest at the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, but also because of Soviet opposition to Israel and Zionism.[23]

2004 Summer Olympics

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An Iranian judoka, Arash Miresmaeili, did not compete in a match against Israeli Ehud Vaks during the 2004 Summer Olympics, due to the government of Iran having taken steps to avoid any competition between its athletes and those from Israel. He was officially disqualified for being overweight, however Miresmaeli was awarded US$125,000 in prize money by the Iranian government, an amount paid to all Iranian gold medal winners. The International Judo Federation conducted an investigation to see if he intentionally came in overweight in order to miss the bout. He was officially cleared of intentionally avoiding the bout, but his receipt of the prize money raised suspicion.[24]

2016 Summer Olympics

[edit]
Israeli judoka Ori Sasson

Saudi Arabian judoka, Joud Fahmy, forfeited her match in the 2016 Summer Olympics possibly in order to avoid competing against Israeli Gili Cohen.[25] Later in the 2016 Summer Olympics, Israeli Or Sasson defeated Egyptian judoka Islam El Shahaby in the first round, after the match ended, Sasson tried to shake his opponent's hand, but El Shahaby refused.[26]

Prior to the 2016 opening ceremony, the Lebanese delegation was assigned to ride on the same bus as the Israeli delegation.[27] The head of the Lebanese team, Salim al-Haj Nicolas, admitted that he demanded that the bus door be closed on the Israeli team, and that the Lebanese demanded that the Israeli athletes not board the bus. Udi Gal, an Israeli Olympic sailor, said his team ultimately decided to travel separately to avoid an "international and physical incident" but added "How could they let this happen on the eve of the Olympic Games? Isn't this the opposite of what the Olympics represents?"[28]

2024 Summer Olympics

[edit]

Algerian Judoka Messaoud Dris missed weight in order to avoid facing Israeli judoka Tohar Butbul, leading to an investigation by the IOC.[29]

Nurali Emomali of Tajikistan, as well as Abderrahmane Boushita from Morocco, refused the courtesy hand shake with their Israeli opponent, judoka Baruch Shmailov, following their matches,[30] with Emomali reportedly yelling Allāhu ʾakbar.[31]

Olympic participants

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Summer Olympics

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Sport 1952 1956 1960 1964 1968 1972 1976 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 2024 Total
Archery 1 2 3
Athletics 7 1 8 5 2 2 1 7 4 4 9 5 4 3 8 9 6 85
Badminton 1 1 2 1 5
Baseball 24 24
Basketball 13 13
Boxing 2 3 1 6
Canoeing/Kayaking 1 1 5 3 1 11
Cycling 2 2 2 4 10
Diving 1 1 2
Equestrian 4 4 8
Fencing 2 2 1 4 1 3 1 1 3 1 19
Football 19 17 19 55
Golf 1 1
Gymnastics 3 1 5 3 1 1 2 8 10 7 10 8 59
Judo 1 2 4 2 3 5 3 5 7 12 12 62
Sailing 2 1 5 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 6 5 8 67
Shooting 4 2 3 4 2 1 2 3 3 2 2 3 1 1 1 1 35
Surfing 1 1 2
Swimming 1 1 4 2 6 1 2 3 1 5 4 11 4 9 7 9 13 18 101
Synchronized swimming 2 2 2 2 8
Table tennis 1 1
Taekwondo 1 1 1 1 1 5
Tennis 1 4 1 2 4 3 1 16
Triathlon 1 2 1 4
Weightlifting 2 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 13
Wrestling 3 1 2 4 1 3 3 1 18
Total 26 3 23 10 31 15 27 37 19 31 25 41 35 43 37 47 90 88 628

Winter Olympics

[edit]
Sport 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014 2018 2022 Total
Alpine Skiing 1 1 1 1 2 6
Figure Skating 1 3 4 4 2 3 7 3 27
Short Track Speed Skating 1 1 1 1 4
Skeleton 1 1
Total 1 3 5 5 3 5 10 6 38

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c Mallon, Bill; Heijmans, Jeroen (11 August 2011). Historical Dictionary of the Olympic Movement. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 9780810875227.
  2. ^ a b "Yael Arad, Judoka, JudoInside". judoinside.com.
  3. ^ a b "Shay-Oren Smadja, Judoka, JudoInside". judoinside.com.
  4. ^ a b c d "Gal Fridman". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Archived from the original on 2012-11-14.
  5. ^ "Michael Kolganov". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Archived from the original on 2013-12-03.
  6. ^ "Ariel Zeevi, Judoka, JudoInside". judoinside.com.
  7. ^ "Olympics – Sailing – Dempsey misses windsurfing medal". BBC Sport. 20 August 2008.
  8. ^ "Yarden Gerbi wins bronze medal in judo, Israel's first medal of the Rio Olympics – Sports". Haaretz.com.
  9. ^ "Or Sassson wins Israel's second judo bronze at Rio Games". Times of Israel.
  10. ^ Aharoni, Oren (1 August 2021). "Israeli gymnast Artem Dolgopyat claims gold at Tokyo Games". Ynet.
  11. ^ Halickman, Joshua; Zonshine, Idan (7 August 2021). "Olympics: Rhythmic Gymnast Linoy Ashram wins gold medal for Israel". The Jerusalem Post.
  12. ^ "Olympics: Israeli Avishag Semberg wins bronze in taekwondo". The Jerusalem Post. 25 July 2021.
  13. ^ Katzir, Itamar (31 July 2021). "Israeli Mixed Judo Team Wins Bronze, Defeating Russia 4-1 at Tokyo Olympics". Haaretz.
  14. ^ Galily, Yair; Ben-Porat, Amir (31 October 2013). Sport, Politics and Society in the Land of Israel. Routledge. ISBN 9781317967910.
  15. ^ רעיה ברונשטיין ז"ל
  16. ^ Mallon, Bill; Heijmans, Jeroen (2011-08-11). Historical Dictionary of the Olympic Movement. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-7522-7.
  17. ^ "Israel". eurolympic.org. Archived from the original on 2014-04-15.
  18. ^ AGNES KELETI (KLEIN)
  19. ^ MARK SPITZ
  20. ^ "Israel". paralympic.org.
  21. ^ Aubrey, Stefan M. (2004). The New Dimension of International Terrorism. vdf Hochschulverlag AG. ISBN 9783728129499.
  22. ^ First official Olympic ceremony held in memory of Munich victims
  23. ^ TIMELINE: Jews in the Summer Olympics
  24. ^ "Europe – Mystery over Iran judo 'protest'". BBC NEWS. 15 August 2004.
  25. ^ Saudi judoka forfeits Rio match, apparently to avoid Israeli
  26. ^ Rio Olympics 2016 - Egypt Judo Fighter El Shehabt refuses to shake hands of Israeli Or Sasson
  27. ^ "Israel protests after Lebanese athletes refuse to share Olympic bus". The Guardian. 2016-08-08. Archived from the original on 2022-08-18.
  28. ^ Rio 2016 Olympics: Lebanese athletes refuse to travel with Israel team
  29. ^ "Algeria's judoka Olympic competitor accused of avoiding competing with Israel". The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com. 2024-07-29. Retrieved 2024-08-07.
  30. ^ "Israeli judo stars are being snubbed by rivals at Paris Olympics". The Independent. 2024-07-30. Retrieved 2024-08-07.
  31. ^ "Judo athlete injured immediately after refusing handshake with Israeli". www.israelhayom.com. Retrieved 2024-08-07.
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