淡

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See also: 澹
淡 U+6DE1, 淡
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6DE1
← 淠
[U+6DE0] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 淢 →
[U+6DE2]

Translingual

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Stroke order
11 strokes

Han character

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淡 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 水火火 (EFF), four-corner 39189, composition ⿰氵炎)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 630, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17660
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1032, character 17
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1660, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+6DE1

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (炎) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
倓 *l'oːmʔ, *l'aːm, *l'aːms
緂 *l̥ʰaːm, *l̥ʰaːmʔ, *l̥ʰjam
毯 *l̥ʰaːmʔ
菼 *l̥ʰaːmʔ
裧 *l̥ʰaːmʔ, *l̥ʰjam, *l̥ʰjams
賧 *l̥ʰaːms
睒 *l̥ʰaːms, *hljamʔ
舕 *l̥ʰaːms
談 *l'aːm
郯 *l'aːm
惔 *l'aːm, *l'aːmʔ, *l'aːms
錟 *l'aːm
淡 *l'aːm, *l'aːmʔ, *l'aːms, *lamʔ
痰 *l'aːm
餤 *l'aːm
啖 *l'aːmʔ, *l'aːms
腅 *l'aːms
剡 *ɦljamʔ, *lamʔ
覢 *hljamʔ
掞 *hljams
炎 *ɦlam
琰 *lamʔ
棪 *lamʔ
扊 *lamʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'aːm, *l'aːmʔ, *l'aːms, *lamʔ) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 炎 (OC *ɦlam)

Etymology 1

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trad. 淡
simp. # 淡

Word stems from something burning hot being tempered with water (ie spicy food "watered down"). As per the characters water + burning hot (ie to make mild or bland).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • taam5 - vernacular;
  • daam6 - literary.
Note:
  • tāⁿ - vernacular;
  • tām - literary.
Note:
  • dan6 - vernacular;
  • dam6 - literary.
Note:
  • dan5 - vernacular;
  • dan4 - literary.
    Rime
    Character 淡 淡
    Reading # 2/4 4/4
    Initial (聲) 定 (7) 定 (7)
    Final (韻) 談 (143) 談 (143)
    Tone (調) Rising (X) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open Open
    Division (等) I I
    Fanqie 徒敢切 徒濫切
    Baxter damX damH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/dɑmX/ /dɑmH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/dɑmX/ /dɑmH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/dɑmX/ /dɑmH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/damX/ /damH/
    Li
    Rong         		/dɑmX/ /dɑmH/
    Wang
    Li         		/dɑmX/ /dɑmH/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren         		/dʱɑmX/ /dʱɑmH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		dàn dàn
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		daam6 daam6
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 淡
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		dàn
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ damX ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[l]ˁamʔ/
    English insipid

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 淡 淡
    Reading # 2/4 3/4
    No. 14300 14305
    Phonetic
    component         		炎 炎
    Rime
    group         		談 談
    Rime
    subdivision         		1 1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		噉 憺
    Old
    Chinese         		/*l'aːmʔ/ /*l'aːms/

    Definitions

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    淡

    1. (of food) bland; tasteless
      啲湯好淡／啲汤好淡 [Cantonese]  ―  di1 tong1 hou2 taam5 [Jyutping]  ―  the soup is very bland
    2. (of color) light; pale
      Synonym: 淺／浅
      Antonyms: 濃／浓 (nóng), 深 (shēn)
    3. (of liquid or gas) thin; low in density
    4. indifferent; cold
    5. slack; dull
      淡季  ―  dànjì  ―  slack season; off-season
    6. meaningless; trivial
    Synonyms
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    Dialectal synonyms of 淡 (“bland; tasteless; not salty”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 淡
    Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 淡, 口輕
    Taiwan 淡
    Harbin 淡
    Singapore 淡
    Jilu Mandarin Jinan 淡, 甜, 口輕
    Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 善
    Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 甜
    Wanrong 甜
    Xi'an 甜, 淡
    Xining 甜, 淡
    Xuzhou 淡
    Lanyin Mandarin Ürümqi 淡
    Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 淡
    Wuhan 淡
    Guiyang 淡
    Guilin 淡
    Liuzhou 淡
    Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 淡
    Yangzhou 淡
    Hefei 淡
    Cantonese Guangzhou 淡
    Hong Kong 淡
    Dongguan 淡
    Yangjiang 淡
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 淡
    Gan Nanchang 淡
    Lichuan 淡
    Pingxiang 淡
    Hakka Meixian 淡
    Yudu 淡
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 淡
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 淡
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 淡
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 淡
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 淡
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 淡
    Senai (Huiyang) 淡
    Jin Taiyuan 淡, 甜
    Xinzhou 甜
    Northern Min Jian'ou 䭕
    Jian'ou (Dikou) 䭕
    Zhenghe (Zhenqian) 䭕
    Jianyang 䭕
    Wuyishan 䭕
    Pucheng (Shibei) 䭕
    Eastern Min Fuzhou 䭕
    Fuzhou (Changle) 䭕
    Fuqing 䭕
    Yongtai 䭕
    Gutian 䭕
    Fu'an 䭕
    Ningde 䭕
    Shouning 䭕
    Zhouning 䭕
    Fuding 䭕
    Southern Min Xiamen 䭕
    Quanzhou 䭕
    Yongchun 䭕
    Zhangzhou 䭕
    Zhangzhou (Longhai) 䭕
    Zhangzhou (Changtai) 䭕
    Zhangpu 䭕
    Zhao'an 䭕
    Penang (Hokkien) 䭕
    Singapore (Hokkien) 䭕
    Chaozhou 䭕
    Shantou 䭕
    Shantou (Chenghai) 䭕
    Jieyang 䭕
    Haifeng 䭕
    Bangkok (Teochew) 䭕
    Johor Bahru (Teochew) 䭕
    Leizhou 䭕
    Haikou 䭕
    Puxian Min Putian 䭕
    Central Min Yong'an 䭕
    Sanming (Shaxian) 䭕
    Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 淡
    Wu Shanghai 淡
    Shanghai (Chongming) 淡
    Suzhou 淡
    Danyang 淡
    Hangzhou 淡
    Ningbo 淡
    Wenzhou 淡
    Jinhua 淡
    Xiang Changsha 淡
    Loudi 淡
    Shuangfeng 淡

    Compounds

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    Etymology 2

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    trad. 淡
    simp. # 淡

    Pronunciation

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    Rime
    Character 淡
    Reading # 3/4
    Initial (聲) 以 (36)
    Final (韻) 鹽 (153)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 以冉切
    Baxter yemX
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/jiᴇmX/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/jiɛmX/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/jæmX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/jiamX/
    Li
    Rong         		/iɛmX/
    Wang
    Li         		/jĭɛmX/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren         		/i̯ɛmX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		yǎn
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		jim5
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 淡
    Reading # 4/4
    No. 14319
    Phonetic
    component         		炎
    Rime
    group         		談
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		琰
    Old
    Chinese         		/*lamʔ/
    Notes 見宋玉賦

    Definitions

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    淡

    1. Only used in 淡淡 (yǎnyǎn, yànyàn).
    2. ‡ appearance of water

    Compounds

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    Etymology 3

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    trad. 淡
    simp. # 淡

    Pronunciation

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    Rime
    Character 淡
    Reading # 1/4
    Initial (聲) 定 (7)
    Final (韻) 談 (143)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) I
    Fanqie 徒甘切
    Baxter dam
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/dɑm/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/dɑm/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/dɑm/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/dam/
    Li
    Rong         		/dɑm/
    Wang
    Li         		/dɑm/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren         		/dʱɑm/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		tán
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		taam4
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 淡
    Reading # 1/4
    No. 14296
    Phonetic
    component         		炎
    Rime
    group         		談
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		談
    Old
    Chinese         		/*l'aːm/

    Definitions

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    淡

    1. † Alternative form of 痰 (tán)
    2. ‡ appearance of water
      See also: 澹

    Etymology 4

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    For pronunciation and definitions of 淡 – see 䭕 (“(Min) tasteless; insipid”).
    (This character is a variant form of 䭕).

    References

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    Japanese

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    Kanji

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    淡

    (Jōyō kanji)

    1. diluted
    2. pale

    Readings

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    Compounds

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    Korean

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    Etymology

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    From Middle Chinese 淡 (MC damX|damH). Recorded as Middle Korean 담〯 (tǎm) (Yale: tam) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

    Hanja

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    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    淡 (eumhun 맑을 담 (malgeul dam))

    1. hanja form? of 담 (“clean; clear; pure”)

    Compounds

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    Compounds

    References

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    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

    Vietnamese

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    Han character

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    淡: Hán Nôm readings: đạm, đượm, vạm, đặm

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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