warm

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See also: wärm and wårm

English

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Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Middle English warm, werm, from Old English wearm, from Proto-West Germanic *warm, from Proto-Germanic *warmaz, with different proposed origins:

  1. Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰer- (“warm, hot”), related to Ancient Greek θερμός (thermós), Latin formus, Sanskrit घर्म (gharma).
  2. Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to burn”), related to Hittite [script needed] (warnuzi) and to Old Church Slavonic варити (variti).

The dispute is due to differing opinions on how initial Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰ- evolved in Germanic: some think that *gʷʰ would have turned to *b, and that the root *gʷʰer- would instead have given rise to burn etc. Some have also proposed a merger of the two roots.

Adjective

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warm (comparative warmer, superlative warmest)

warm colors
  1. Of a somewhat high temperature.
    The tea is still warm.
    This is a very warm room.
    • 1863, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, The Herons of Elmwood:
      Warm and still is the summer night.
    • 1985, Robert Ferro, Blue Star:
      It seemed I was too excited for sleep, too warm, too young.
  2. Friendly and with affection.
    We have a warm friendship.
  3. Having a color in the part of the visible electromagnetic spectrum between red and yellow-green.
  4. (informal) Close to a goal or correct answer.
    • 1876, William Black, “An Encounter”, in Madcap Violet. […], volume III, London: Macmillan and Co., →OCLC, page 74:
      That was a further clue; and here, indeed, young Mr. Dowse was getting "warm," as children say at blind-man's-buff, although, as a matter-of-fact, she had now been talking of George Miller at all.
  5. Fresh, of a scent; still able to be traced.
  6. (figurative) Communicating a sense of comfort, ease, or pleasantness.
    a warm piano sound
  7. (archaic) Ardent, zealous.
    a warm debate, with strong words exchanged
  8. (archaic, informal) Well off as to property, or in good circumstances; prosperous.
    • 1766, [Oliver Goldsmith], The Vicar of Wakefield: […], volume (please specify |volume=I or II), Salisbury, Wiltshire: […] B. Collins, for F[rancis] Newbery, […], →OCLC:
      You shall have a draught upon him, payable at sight: and let me tell you he is as warm a man as any within five miles round him.
    • 1791, Charlotte Smith, Celestina, Broadview, published 2004, page 258:
      Mrs. and the Miss Cathcarts began to be considered as people of some consequence in the circle in which they moved, while he gradually obtained in the city the name of a warm man.
    • 1824, Geoffrey Crayon [pseudonym; Washington Irving], Tales of a Traveller, (please specify |part=1 to 4), Philadelphia, Pa.: H[enry] C[harles] Carey & I[saac] Lea, […], →OCLC:
      I know the Stuyvesant family —puff— every one of them —puff— not a more respectable family in the province —puff— old standards —puff— warm householders —puff— none of your upstarts
  9. (archaic) Requiring arduous effort.
    • 1929, The Listener, numbers 41-50, page 552:
      The circular iron platform over there is used in the task of tyring the wheels, a warm job, too, by the way.
Synonyms
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Antonyms
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Derived terms
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Translations
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The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

See also

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Etymology 2

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From Old English wierman.

Verb

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warm (third-person singular simple present warms, present participle warming, simple past and past participle warmed)

  1. (transitive) To make or keep warm.
  2. (intransitive) To become warm, to heat up.
    My socks are warming by the fire.
    The earth soon warms on a clear summer day.
  3. (intransitive) (sometimes in the form warm up) To favour increasingly. [with to]
    He is warming to the idea.
    Her classmates are gradually warming to her.
  4. (ditransitive with to) To cause (someone) to favour (something) increasingly.
    • 2006, Matt Wray, Not Quite White, page xi:
      It is with no small degree of irony that I confess that immersing myself in an interdisciplinary project has warmed me to the seductions of disciplinary perspectives.
  5. (intransitive) To become ardent or animated.
    The speaker warms as he proceeds.
  6. (transitive) To make engaged or earnest; to interest; to engage; to excite ardor or zeal in; to enliven.
  7. (transitive) To give emotional warmth to a person.
    • 1886, Joseph Augustus Seiss, Right Life: Or, Candid Talks On Vital Themes:
      That is just the way God tells me this book is His Word. I read it, and it warms me and gives me light.
  8. (transitive, colloquial) To beat or spank.
    • 1945, The Atlantic, volume 176, page 94:
      Not bothering to turn around and not missing a mouthful, Myrtle comforted her with threats of "I'll warm your bottom"; "I'll turn you over to your dad"; "I'll lock you in the truck"; "I'll send for the bogey man" — all of which Darleen ignored […]
  9. (transitive, colloquial) To scold or abuse verbally.
  10. (computing, transitive) To prepopulate (a cache) so that its contents are ready for other users.
Derived terms
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Translations
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Noun

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warm (plural warms)

  1. (colloquial) The act of warming, or the state of being warmed; a heating.
    Shall I give your coffee a warm in the microwave?

Afrikaans

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Etymology

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From Dutch warm, from Middle Dutch warm, from Old Dutch warm, from Proto-Germanic *warmaz.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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warm (attributive warm or (chiefly in figurative use) warme, comparative warmer, superlative warmste)

  1. warm
    Ek het ure lank in die warm water gelê.
    I lay in the warm water for hours.
    Ek het aan almal my warme dank uitgespreek.
    I expressed my warm thanks to all.
    • 2016, “Dinge Raak Warm”, in Sal Jy Met My Dans?‎[1], performed by Kurt Darren, South Africa:
      Dinge raak warm.
      Things are getting warm.

Inflection

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Inflection of warm
  predicative attributive independent partitive
singular plural
positive warm warm, warme warme warmes warms
comparative warmer warmere warmeres warmers
superlative warmste warmstes —

Derived terms

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Alemannic German

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Middle High German warm, from Old High German warm. Cognate with German warm, Dutch warm, English warm, Icelandic varmur.

Adjective

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warm

  1. (Formazza) warm

References

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Chinese

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Etymology

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From English warm.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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warm

  1. (Hong Kong Cantonese, of person, environment, family) warm (caring and loving)

Dutch

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Etymology

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From Middle Dutch warm, from Old Dutch warm, from Proto-West Germanic *warm, from Proto-Germanic *warmaz, of uncertain origin; derivations from either Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰer- (“warm, hot”) or *wer- (“to burn”) have been proposed.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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warm (comparative warmer, superlative warmst)

  1. warm, hot
    Antonym: koud
  2. (meteorology, officially) 20 °C or more

Declension

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Declension of warm
uninflected warm
inflected warme
comparative warmer
positive comparative superlative
predicative/adverbial warm warmer het warmst
het warmste
indefinite m./f. sing. warme warmere warmste
n. sing. warm warmer warmste
plural warme warmere warmste
definite warme warmere warmste
partitive warms warmers —

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Afrikaans: warm
  • Berbice Creole Dutch: warum
  • Negerhollands: warm, werm

See also

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German

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Etymology

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From Middle High German and Old High German warm.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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warm (strong nominative masculine singular warmer, comparative wärmer, superlative am wärmsten)

  1. warm; mildly hot
    Antonyms: kalt, kühl
  2. (of clothes) warm; keeping the wearer warm
  3. (of rental prices, chiefly adverbial or in compounds) including heating costs, water, and fees (electricity may or may not be included)
    Ich zahle 800 € warm für meine Wohnung.
    I pay €800 for my apartment, including utilities.
  4. (dated, except in warmer Bruder) gay, homosexual (mostly male)
    Synonym: schwul

Usage notes

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  • German warm means “warm”, but not “feeling warm”; therefore the phrase ich bin warm (literally “I am warm”) would mean that one’s body has a high temperature, particularly that one’s skin is warm on the outside. The English “I am warm” (that is: I feel warm) is equivalent to German mir ist warm (literally “to me it's warm”).
  • Although warm (“gay”) is not in general use, this sense is current enough to make it advisable not to describe the relation between two men as warm (unless the implication is intended).

Declension

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Positive forms of warm
number & gender singular plural
masculine feminine neuter
predicative er ist warm sie ist warm es ist warm sie sind warm
strong declension
(without article) 		nominative warmer warme warmes warme
genitive warmen warmer warmen warmer
dative warmem warmer warmem warmen
accusative warmen warme warmes warme
weak declension
(with definite article) 		nominative der warme die warme das warme die warmen
genitive des warmen der warmen des warmen der warmen
dative dem warmen der warmen dem warmen den warmen
accusative den warmen die warme das warme die warmen
mixed declension
(with indefinite article) 		nominative ein warmer eine warme ein warmes (keine) warmen
genitive eines warmen einer warmen eines warmen (keiner) warmen
dative einem warmen einer warmen einem warmen (keinen) warmen
accusative einen warmen eine warme ein warmes (keine) warmen
Comparative forms of warm
number & gender singular plural
masculine feminine neuter
predicative er ist wärmer sie ist wärmer es ist wärmer sie sind wärmer
strong declension
(without article) 		nominative wärmerer wärmere wärmeres wärmere
genitive wärmeren wärmerer wärmeren wärmerer
dative wärmerem wärmerer wärmerem wärmeren
accusative wärmeren wärmere wärmeres wärmere
weak declension
(with definite article) 		nominative der wärmere die wärmere das wärmere die wärmeren
genitive des wärmeren der wärmeren des wärmeren der wärmeren
dative dem wärmeren der wärmeren dem wärmeren den wärmeren
accusative den wärmeren die wärmere das wärmere die wärmeren
mixed declension
(with indefinite article) 		nominative ein wärmerer eine wärmere ein wärmeres (keine) wärmeren
genitive eines wärmeren einer wärmeren eines wärmeren (keiner) wärmeren
dative einem wärmeren einer wärmeren einem wärmeren (keinen) wärmeren
accusative einen wärmeren eine wärmere ein wärmeres (keine) wärmeren
Superlative forms of warm
number & gender singular plural
masculine feminine neuter
predicative er ist am wärmsten sie ist am wärmsten es ist am wärmsten sie sind am wärmsten
strong declension
(without article) 		nominative wärmster wärmste wärmstes wärmste
genitive wärmsten wärmster wärmsten wärmster
dative wärmstem wärmster wärmstem wärmsten
accusative wärmsten wärmste wärmstes wärmste
weak declension
(with definite article) 		nominative der wärmste die wärmste das wärmste die wärmsten
genitive des wärmsten der wärmsten des wärmsten der wärmsten
dative dem wärmsten der wärmsten dem wärmsten den wärmsten
accusative den wärmsten die wärmste das wärmste die wärmsten
mixed declension
(with indefinite article) 		nominative ein wärmster eine wärmste ein wärmstes (keine) wärmsten
genitive eines wärmsten einer wärmsten eines wärmsten (keiner) wärmsten
dative einem wärmsten einer wärmsten einem wärmsten (keinen) wärmsten
accusative einen wärmsten eine wärmste ein wärmstes (keine) wärmsten

Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • “warm” in Duden online
  • “warm” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

Middle Dutch

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Etymology

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From Old Dutch warm, from Proto-West Germanic *warm.

Adjective

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warm

  1. warm, hot
  2. warm, keeping the wearer warm (of clothes)
  3. warm (of emotions)

Inflection

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Adjective
Masculine Feminine Neuter Plural
Nominative Indefinite warm warme warm warme
Definite warme warme
Accusative Indefinite warmen warme warm warme
Definite warme
Genitive Indefinite warms warmer warms warmer
Definite warms, warmen warms, warmen
Dative warmen warmer warmen warmen

Alternative forms

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Descendants

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Further reading

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Middle English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old English wearm.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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warm (plural and weak singular warme, comparative warmer, superlative warmest)

  1. (temperature) warm, mildly hot
  2. (weather) warm, pleasant, mild
  3. heated, warmed
  4. (locations or garments) having a tendency to be warm; designed to stay warm
  5. Being at a healthy temperature
  6. enthusiastic, vigourous

Descendants

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References

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Noun

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warm

  1. warmness, heat

References

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Old High German

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Etymology

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From Proto-West Germanic *warm.

Adjective

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warm

  1. warm

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Old Saxon

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Etymology

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From Proto-West Germanic *warm (“warm”).

Adjective

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warm (comparative warmoro, superlative warmost)

  1. warm

Declension

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Positive forms of warm
Strong declension
gender masculine feminine neuter
case singular plural singular plural singular plural
nominative warm warme, warma warm warma warm warm, warma
accusative warman, warmen warma, warme warma warma warm warm, warma
genitive warmes, warmas warmaro, warmoro, warmero warmara, warmaro warmaro, warmoro, warmero warmes, warmas warmaro, warmoro, warmero
dative warmumu, warmum, warmun, warmun, warmon, warmen, warman warmun, warmon, warmum warmaro, warmaru, warmara warmun, warmon warmumu, warmum, warmun, warmun, warmon, warmen, warman warmun, warmon, warmum
Weak declension
gender masculine feminine neuter
case singular plural singular plural singular plural
nominative warmo, warma warmon, warmun warma, warme warmon, warmun, warman warma, warme warmon, warmun
accusative warmon, warman warmon, warmun warmun, warmon, warman warmon, warmun, warman warma, warme warmon, warmun
genitive warmen, warman warmono, warmeno warmun, warman, warmen warmono warmen, warman warmono, warmeno
dative warmon, warmen, warman warmon, warmun warmun, warman warmon, warmun warmon, warmen, warman warmon, warmun


Comparative forms of warm (weak only)
Weak declension
gender masculine feminine neuter
case singular plural singular plural singular plural
nominative warmoro, warmora warmoron, warmorun warmora, warmore warmoron, warmorun, warmoran warmora, warmore warmoron, warmorun
accusative warmoron, warmoran warmoron, warmorun warmorun, warmoron, warmoran warmoron, warmorun, warmoran warmora, warmore warmoron, warmorun
genitive warmoren, warmoran warmorono, warmoreno warmorun, warmoran, warmoren warmorono warmoren, warmoran warmorono, warmoreno
dative warmoron, warmoren, warmoran warmoron, warmorun warmorun, warmoran warmoron, warmorun warmoron, warmoren, warmoran warmoron, warmorun


Superlative forms of warm
Strong declension
gender masculine feminine neuter
case singular plural singular plural singular plural
nominative warmost warmoste, warmosta warmost warmosta warmost warmost, warmosta
accusative warmostan, warmosten warmosta, warmoste warmosta warmosta warmost warmost, warmosta
genitive warmostes, warmostas warmostaro, warmostoro, warmostero warmostara, warmostaro warmostaro, warmostoro, warmostero warmostes, warmostas warmostaro, warmostoro, warmostero
dative warmostumu, warmostum, warmostun, warmostun, warmoston, warmosten, warmostan warmostun, warmoston, warmostum warmostaro, warmostaru, warmostara warmostun, warmoston warmostumu, warmostum, warmostun, warmostun, warmoston, warmosten, warmostan warmostun, warmoston, warmostum
Weak declension
gender masculine feminine neuter
case singular plural singular plural singular plural
nominative warmosto, warmosta warmoston, warmostun warmosta, warmoste warmoston, warmostun, warmostan warmosta, warmoste warmoston, warmostun
accusative warmoston, warmostan warmoston, warmostun warmostun, warmoston, warmostan warmoston, warmostun, warmostan warmosta, warmoste warmoston, warmostun
genitive warmosten, warmostan warmostono, warmosteno warmostun, warmostan, warmosten warmostono warmosten, warmostan warmostono, warmosteno
dative warmoston, warmosten, warmostan warmoston, warmostun warmostun, warmostan warmoston, warmostun warmoston, warmosten, warmostan warmoston, warmostun


Descendants

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  • Middle Low German: warm
    • Low German: warm
    • German Low German: warm
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