Oleksandr Zavalii

The publication, based on the developments of various fields of scientific knowledge (history, archaeology, ethnography, religious studies, philosophy), considers one of the alternative approaches to the reconstruction of elements of the sacred world of the ancient Trypillians. This approach, which is based on the interpretation of archaeological findings, expands the possibilities of classical reconstruction. Comparative analysis of ethnographic materials, philosophical analysis of archetypes with contextual consideration of patterns of developing and transforming the religious phenomenon are added. The author proves the existence of historical parallels and connections between certain elements of the religious beliefs of the ancient Trypillians and the preserved manifestations of the ethnocultural tradition of the Ukrainians on the example of the archetype "Home". This is the reason for asserting the continuity of the Ukrainian spiritual and cultural tradition. The foundations of this tradition were laid during the existence of the Trypillian protocivilization. How to cite this paper: Zavalii, O., & Bazyk, D. (2023). Reconstruction of the Elements of the Holy World of the Old Trypillians through the Prisms of the Ukrainian Ethnocultural Heritage (On the Example of the Archetype “Home”). Open Journal of Ph ilosophy , 1 3, 736-748.

Hypotheses about a mysterious ancient civilization were born in the eighteenth century among European intellectuals, who vied with each other to report on the high culture of India, supposedly having a universal mission. The impetus for this was the national consciousness awakened in European How to cite this paper: Zavalii, O. (2023). Development of Indo-European Hypotheses in Europe of the 19th-20th Centuries: From Aryan Ideas to the Renaissance of the

Well known in religious culture, the symbol "Eye of Providence" or "All-seeing eye" is an emblem sign with deep foundations, which lies in the architectural and iconographic tradition of Christianity, Masonic societies, various esoteric circles. The Radiant Delta became a visual icon in the 15th century and was used in mystical philosophical teachings, and as a decoration on religious paintings and works of art. "The Eye", as an emblem, was incorporated into the interiors and exteriors of both Orthodox and Catholic churches, often in the most visible way. The glow of the all-pervading "Eye" inside or above the triangle has become a metaphor meaning the One God with his essence of all-encompassing and all-seeing and is sometimes interpreted as a symbol beyond the reach of human imagination and objective cognition. However, referring to archaic religions and mythologies, the author reveals archetypal images and schemes, signs and their combinations, which are hiding concepts, notions and structural-semantic patterns, that are obvious precursors to the formation of the modern cult symbol of the "Eye of Providence". The article examines the history of the "Eye of Providence" as a symbol, which in the biblical tradition undergoes its formation from a textual sign to an iconographic image and leads its common thread of "written history" from the ancient temple cult. From this the specificity of the semantic structure of the studied sign-symbol and certain historical and cultural contexts in which the above symbol is developing, is determined. The author proves that the metaphorical symbol of the "Eye" with its semantic specificity existed long before the emergence of the biblical expression and was specifically reproduced in different ancient peoples. Initially, it was associated with cult buildings. From the point of view of the archaic human cognition of the symbol under study, the regularities concerning natural phenomena and the visible Cosmos, by the "patronage" of which the original expression of the sacred "Eye" was born, are revealed. The work involves research on the temple of Trypillia culture, because the establishment of a universal "thread of history" of the "Eye" expression from the archaic temple cult and cult buildings gives rise to such an appeal. With this it is established that the "Heavenly Eye" expression originated from the astronomical situation and was associated with the stellar allegory of Taurus / Taurus constellation-a sacred image in many cultures of the Eneolithic era.

In this article, we will focus on the cult building of the Eneolithic world, which was opened in 2012 near the village Nebelivka, Novoarkhangelsk district, Kirovohrad region. Today it is a recognized Temple of Trypillia civilization. Based on the results of excavations, the main features of the structure and layout of the building were restored. In the course of the study, it was analyzed that the preparation, technology and sequence of the construction of the sacred structure could have a special cosmogonic status. It is also determined that the construction had an archaeoastronomic interpretation. The design features of the Nebelivka Temple revealed its ritual capabilities, and the internal structure of the ritual hall was probably adjusted to the functioning of the main temple symbol. It is noted that the main features of the design of the Nebeliv Temple are repeated in the visual arts of the Cucuteni-Trypillia group. The following main features of construction and planning of th...

The purpose of this article is to reveal the historiography and current state of research related to the cult buildings of the Eneolithic period of the Cucuteni-Trypillian cultural community. The article describes the historical path of archaeological discoveries, from the first Trypillian sanctuaries to the discovery of the largest Nebelivka temple complex in Ukraine in 2012. At the same time, the work partially raises the issue of religious beliefs of the ancient farmers of Central Europe in connection with the discovery of their sacred buildings. Since special scientific works have not comprehensively addressed this issue and are still fragmentary in nature, it is important at the present stage of research to make some coverage and systematization of existing materials on this issue.

The publication takes the example of one of the native faith religious movements of modern Ukraine. It highlights the peculiarities of its spontaneous emergence, development, self-identification, and guidelines for religious activity. The article also briefly examines the origins of this community, the sources of its doctrine and name, the peculiarities of searching for its own religious identity, the main points of reflection on the sphere of the sacred, understanding the "idea of God", the representation of religious symbols and art, the organization of ritual and cult practice, and the directions of religious activity. At the same time, the peculiarities of forming such a religious community are considered not in isolation, but in the context of interaction and mutual influence with other native faith confessions of Ukraine.

The "Trypillian altars" are important and diverse group of Eneolithic religious objects discovered by archaeological science during the last century in the vast territory of the Cucuteni-Trypillian cultural community. To date there has been a considerable accumulation of information which is in need of a proper systematization and religious understanding of this phenomenon. Trypillian altars, as elements of the Trypillian religious system, have so far remained outside the scope of comprehensive study. However, they are undoubtedly of great importance as a source of information on the ritual and mythological system not only of the Cucuteni-Trypillian community, but of prehistoric societies in general. The altars discovered in Ukraine during the excavations of the Nebelivka Temple (Trypillian culture) in Kirovohrad region of Ukraine are of particular importance for the study, as they are among the largest temple altars of their time in the entire oikonomia of the ancient world, and their design and iconography are well preserved. These sacred objects are also the earliest type of altars in world history that were part of the celebration of archaic temple rites (approximately 4000-3900 BC). The paper deals with typological, iconographic, chronological and ideological questions concerning Trypillian altars from the territory of modern Ukraine, Romania and Hungary. The function of altars in places of worship-sanctuaries and temples of the Trypillians, as well as in domestic and public spaces-is of particular interest. As a result, the religious and social function of the "Trypillian altars" is revealed by the author of the paper.

In the period 4800-3600 BC. in the eastern part of the Trypillia area arose "giant settlements" or "megasites" / "mega-settlements" (working term of modern archaeologists) with thousands of buildings. In the central parts of these living conglomerates, scientists found special buildings that were recognized as sanctuaries, sacred complexes or temples. In the late period of the Trypillia culture they disappeared. These religious buildings were built with a focus visible processes of celestial bodies and the laws of cyclic rotation of the Earth in space, and included in their internal filling usually cruciform altars, ritual utensils, troughs with graters for the preparation of ritual bread and numerous other ceremonial and religious artifacts. There were also unique finds, such as gold jewelry (an element of prestige) and a perforated clay disk with tockins to it from the space of the Nebelivka Temple. The interior and exterior walls of the Trypillia sac...

Hypotheses about a mysterious ancient civilization were born in the eighteenth century among European intellectuals, who vied with each other to report on the high culture of India, supposedly having a universal mission. The impetus for this was the national consciousness awakened in European

How to cite this paper: Zavalii, O. (2023). Development of Indo-European Hypotheses in Europe of the 19th-20th Centuries: From Aryan Ideas to the Renaissance of the

The publication, based on the developments of various fields of scientific knowledge (history, archaeology, ethnography, religious studies, philosophy), considers one of the alternative approaches to the reconstruction of elements of the sacred world of the ancient Trypillians. This approach, which is based on the interpretation of archaeological findings, expands the possibilities of classical reconstruction. Comparative analysis of ethnographic materials, philosophical analysis of archetypes with contextual consideration of patterns of developing and transforming the religious phenomenon are added. The author proves the existence of historical parallels and connections between certain elements of the religious beliefs of the ancient Trypillians and the preserved manifestations of the ethnocultural tradition of the Ukrainians on the example of the archetype "Home". This is the reason for asserting the continuity of the Ukrainian spiritual and cultural tradition. The foundations of this tradition were laid during the existence of the Trypillian protocivilization.

How to cite this paper: Zavalii, O., & Bazyk, D. (2023). Reconstruction of the Elements of the Holy World of the Old Trypillians through the Prisms of the Ukrainian Ethnocultural Heritage (On the Example of the Archetype “Home”). Open Journal of Ph ilosophy , 1 3, 736-748.

The article deals with the analysis of the religious component in the manifestations of ritual plastic arts of the Trypillia ethno-cultural community. The author brings into consideration one of the "visiting cards" of the Trypillia civilization-"binocular" (biconical) ceramic plastic arts, which became one of the most characteristic visual markers of the culture.

How to cite this paper: Zavalii, O. (2023). Reproduction of the Sacred Significance of the Ritual “Binocular” Plastic Arts of the Trypillia Culture. Open Journal of Philosophy, 13, 325-335

The article presents the results of a large-scale geomagnetic survey of the Cucuteni-Trypillian settlements. The survey reveals that the structure of the settlements is characterized by the presence of distinctive structures ("megastructures") located at typical sites of different settlements. In 2012, based on the results of a preliminary geomagnetic survey, archaeological excavations of one of these structures near the village of Nebelivka (Ukraine) revealed a temple structure. This structure is now recognized as one of the oldest temple structures on the European continent. The Nebelivka Temple (4000-3900 BC) was the scientific name given to this object. The Nebelivka Temple Complex, according to the geomagnetic surveys on the ground, has a fairly clear set of spatial landmarks and has a kind of cultural standard by which the sacred complexes of the ancient agriculturalists were constructed. It can be said that since the violation of this condition would destroy the whole sacred order, the very presence of the temple in its place makes it sacred and what it is. Discovering such sacred patterns, even without archaeological research, can pave the way to discovering the sacred structures of the Cucuteni-Trypillian community. It should be added that the ancient sanctuaries of the European culture were built based on the place and its observance. The author reveals the meaning of the sacred structures of Cucuteni-Trypillia in the context of the spatial orientation on the ground in the last part of the article. It becomes clear that at a certain point in space and time, where a sense of divine order in the universe was guaranteed, the ancient temples were organized in the appropriate sacred order.

How to cite this paper: .Zavalii, O (2023). Temples and Sanctuaries of the Cucuteni-Trypillian Culture from the Territory of Ukraine and Moldova Based on the Results of the Latest Geomagnetic Researches. Advances in Historical Studies, 12, 138-162.

Well known in religious culture, the symbol "Eye of Providence" or "All-seeing eye" is an emblem sign with deep foundations, which lies in the architectural and iconographic tradition of Christianity, Masonic societies, various esoteric circles. The Radiant Delta became a visual icon in the 15th century and was used in mystical philosophical teachings, and as a decoration on religious paintings and works of art. "The Eye", as an emblem, was incorporated into the interiors and exteriors of both Orthodox and Catholic churches, often in the most visible way. The glow of the all-pervading "Eye" inside or above the triangle has become a metaphor meaning the One God with his essence of all-encompassing and all-seeing and is sometimes interpreted as a symbol beyond the reach of human imagination and objective cognition. However, referring to archaic religions and mythologies, the author reveals archetypal images and schemes, signs and their combinations, which are hiding concepts, notions and structural-semantic patterns, that are obvious precursors to the formation of the modern cult symbol of the "Eye of Providence". The article examines the history of the "Eye of Providence" as a symbol, which in the biblical tradition undergoes its formation from a textual sign to an iconographic image and leads its common thread of "written history" from the ancient temple cult. From this the specificity of the semantic structure of the studied sign-symbol and certain historical and cultural contexts in which the above symbol is developing, is determined. The author proves that the metaphorical symbol of the "Eye" with its semantic specificity existed long before the emergence of the biblical expression and was specifically reproduced in different ancient peoples. Initially, it was associated with cult buildings. From the point of view of the archaic human cognition of the symbol under study, the regularities concerning natural phenomena and the visible Cosmos, by the "patronage" of which the original expression of the sacred "Eye" was born, are revealed. The work involves research on the temple of Trypillia culture, because the establishment of a universal "thread of history" of the "Eye" expression from the archaic temple cult and cult buildings gives rise to such an appeal. With this it is established that the "Heavenly Eye" expression originated from the astronomical situation and was associated with the stellar allegory of Taurus / Taurus constellation-a sacred image in many cultures of the Eneolithic era.

One of the topical issues in modern religious studies, requiring a proper coverage, is the study of the Trypillia spiritual heritage perception by representatives of modern neo-pagan religious organizations (usually called in Ukraine as native faith or native beliefs, originally "ridnovirski" from the Ukrainian words "native" and "believe" that identification clearly indicating the autochthonous characteristics of beliefs, customs and rites represented by a particular confession). Today in Ukraine there exist a number of different religious confessions and several communities, which differ significantly from each other in their beliefs and religious practices. Despite the fact that the vast majority of native faith communities in Ukraine are patriotic and nationally oriented, historically there is a certain "chronological paradox", in that the first mention of the name "Ukraine" appears in the Kyiv chronicle in 1187, while officially the process of Ukrainian lands (that time called "Rus") christianization began in 988. Such dissonance naturally actualizes the issue of searching for an alternative ethno-confessional identity in the native faith environment, as the vector of modern native believers religious activity targets at reviving autochthonous pre-Christian beliefs and spiritual values, that is, towards an older chronological retrospective, among which objects quite often there appear the Trypillia spiritual heritage. Trypillia culture (also called Cucuteni-Trypillya) – is a Neolithic–Eneolithic archaeological culture, whose name comes from the name of the village of Trypillya in Kyiv region, it flourished between 5500 and 2750 BCE, was located between the Carpathians and the Dnieper in modern Ukraine, Moldova and Romania (Trypilian culture). The novelty of this work is that for the first time in this research perspective, the issues of both the reception of the spiritual heritage of ancient Trypillia by modern natives of Ukraine and the problem of ethno-confessional identity in the Ukrainian native movement are considered. The methodological basis of our study relays upon the conceptual work of the French philosopher Vincent Decombe (Decombe, 2015, 281 р.). In particular, the concept of "ethno-confessional identity" is a component of the collective identities concept developed by the researcher, i.e. those that formulate answers to the question: "Who are we?". At the same time, this term represents the situation of ethnic and confessional identities integration, which in the context of understanding the religious processes of the nativefaith movement in Ukraine do appear as an actual phenomenon of religious life in its inseparable integrity. The research publication highlights the problem through the prism of the most prominent religious confessions and communities in the religious field of Ukraine, which render certain visions regarding their own reception of the ancient Trypillians spiritual heritage.

In this article, we will focus on the cult building of the Eneolithic world, which was opened in 2012 near the village Nebelivka, Novoarkhangelsk district,  Kirovohrad  region.  Today  it  is  a  recognized  Temple  of  Trypillia  civilization.  Based  on  the  results  of  excavations,  the  main  features  of  the  structure and layout of the building were restored. In the course of the study, it was analyzed that the preparation, technology and sequence of the construction of the sacred structure could have a special cosmogonic status. It is also determined that the construction had an archaeoastronomic interpretation. The design features of the Nebelivka Temple revealed its ritual capabilities, and the internal structure of the ritual hall was probably adjusted  to  the  functioning  of  the  main  temple  symbol.  It  is  noted  that  the  main  features  of  the  design  of  the  Nebeliv  Temple  are  repeated  in  the  visual arts of the Cucuteni-Trypillia group. The following main features of construction and planning of the building have been restored: 1. Outdoor yard; 2. Sanctuary before the entrance to the ritual hall; 3. The main ritual hall with a circular balcony around the perimeter of the second floor. It was established that the main ritual hall of the Temple had a structure with a partially open roof or a structure that provided the opening of part of the roof during the rituals. One of the main design features of the Temple was also the "solar corridor" on the east side of the building, which provided the light passage of solar energy on the days of the annual equinoxes. The whole ensemble of the building was complemented by a symbolic image of bull horns, which is a stable element of the structures of the Trypillia Temples. The main purpose of the article is to comprehend the problem of the origin and sacred purpose of the Nebelivka Temple. Factors such as loca-tion,  position  and  structure  of  the  structure  are  investigated.  With  this,  the  Trypillia  shrine  acquires  the  significance  of  a  monument  of  national  architecture and enters the arena of world culture under the symbol of cosmological religion (for Toporov V. N.).  For the first time in religious studies, the features of the construction of the Nebelivka Temple of the Trypillia civilization are highlighted. Also, for the first time, key issues related to the temple ritual practice of the Trypillia ethnic group are revealed.

Перехід до землеробського способу життя в епоху неоліту штовхало населення до створення соціальної диференціації, яка була обумовлена розвитком нових технологій та виробництва: металургії, землеробства, гончарства, нових форм зв'язку і транспорту, появою нових домашніх тварин і рослин. Інтенсифікація рівноцінного обміну з природним світом породжувало й нові ідеологічні парадигми, а за ними й нові інтелектуальні форми взаємодії між людьми. Тому, визначна релігійна реформа енеолітичного світу, в центрі якої постали Храми та святилища, певно слугувала поштовхом до формування первинних духовних лідерів свого часу. Можливо духовна праця вважалася такою самою господарською функцією як й землеробство з гончарством, бо ж визначала терміни сільськогосподарських робіт, займалась освяченням зерна, передбачала річну сезонність, святкові дні та інше, тим самим створювала великий потенціал для єднання колективу з різних сфер господарювання в загальний стан святості – сакральності суспільства.

У ході даного дослідження були проаналізовані відомі факти пов’язанні з залишками та способом будівництва Небелівського Храму, які були відкриті в результаті археологічних розкопок у 2012 р. За розкопками Храму та його прилеглої території виявлені матеріальні сліди ритуальних практик, які розглянуті в тексті даного дослідження. Виявлено, що вже на початкових етапах спорудження сакральної споруди виникали достатньо складні ритуальні заходи, ймовірно за участю духовної верстви населення чи своєрідних очільників роду. В статті наведенні ритуальні паралелі зі священними текстами Вед, текстами шумерських «Циліндрів Гудеа», індоарійськими текстами та текстами юдеохристиянської традиції. Для порівняння ритуальних практик також залученні археологічні пам’ятки бронзової доби Саньсіндуй (Китай), які з трипільським світом збігаються в контексті «Світового Дерева», яким позначався центр світу в обох архаїчних культурах. Всі зазначені тексти та археологічні знахідки датуються орієнтовно серединою II початком I тис. до н. е., що є найбільш наближеними в хронологічному плані пам’ятками до світу трипільських реалій. Передбачається, що Трипільський Храм міг бути побудований за сезонними астрономічними орієнтирами за той відносно короткий термін, який вкладається в період року. Цьому могло сприяти уявлення про творення світу, з перенесенням на ритуальне творення Храму. Представлене дослідження дозволяє краще зрозуміти організаційно ритуальні принципи трипільців, їх спосіб життя та релігію. Дослідження робить внесок в розуміння всієї релігійної системи енеолітичних землеробів Центральної Європи.

During the archeological research of the Trypillian Temple complex near the village of Nebelivka (Kirovohrad region) revealed many temple inventory and interior features that are of significant interest for religious studies. Given the fact that the building is recognized as the largest temple of Eneolithic Europe, and later the center of pilgrimage of the Trypillia ethnocultural group, we consider it necessary to delve into its individual phenomena with approaches to interdisciplinary study. The premises of the Nebelivka Temple complex were mainly occupied by monumental religious objects that marked the religious space. Among the remains of the building were found seven altars of fire, a clay podium with a set of cult utensils, ritual graters, a ceramic table, a ceremonial set of cups and more. It is worth noting a special find - the remains of a
ceramic disk with a group of chips to it. This discovery in the scientific world was called the Nebelovsky Disk. A fundamental phenomenon of the interior space of the Nebelivka Temple was a conditional pit (deepening) in the very center of the ritual hall. It is the central temple point that provides the key to the interpretation of the main temple symbol, which was probably of plant origin.The article draws parallels between the main ritual hall of the Trypillian Temple and the special ritual building of the Vedic religion "prâcînavamsa" / "prachinavansa" in which the most important ritual of the Vedic religion "ashvamedha" was performed. This shows a significant similarity between the two sacred buildings, and most importantly the similarity of the recesses in the center of the sacred space, which was marked by the "World Tree" (according to V. Toporov). The author argues that the peculiarities of the interior of the Nebel Temple illuminate the ideas of ancient people about the structure of the sacred cosmos, the place of people in it and the symbols that connect sacred

In the period of 4800-3600 BC "giant settlements" or "megasites" / "mega-settlements" (working term of modern archaeologists) with thousands of buildings arose in the eastern part of the Trypillia area. In the central parts of these living conglomerates, scientists found special buildings that were recognized as sanctuaries, sacred complexes or temples. In the late period of the Trypillia culture they disappeared. These religious buildings were built with a focus on the visible processes of movement of celestial bodies and the laws of cyclic rotation of the Earth in space, and included in their internal
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filling usually cruciform altars, ritual utensils, troughs with graters for the preparation of ritual bread and numerous other ceremonial and religious artifacts. There were also unique finds, such as gold jewelry (an element of prestige) and a perforated clay disk with counters to it from the space of the Nebelivka Temple. The interior and exterior walls of the Trypillia sacral centers were painted with natural colors with a predominance of red. The wood carving for decoration of the elements of a construction’s skeleton was also investigated. The first Temples on the European continent show that even at that time there was a cult of architecture. In general, it is clear that such Trypillia objects of religious worship carried encoded astronomical information in symbolic form. The building itself was oriented with regard to sides of the world and was designed relative to visible celestial bodies. This indicates that the people of Trypillia had a fairly clear worldview, which allowed them to reach the level of understanding of the structure and mechanisms of many natural cyclical processes on Earth. Trypillia cosmology united the celestial and terrestrial spheres, and the Temple was the point of contact of the earth with the visible Universe. In his work, the author traces the existing analogies in the structure of construction of Trypillia and sacred complexes of the ancient Middle East and biblical ideas of the ancient Jews about the Tabernacle and the House of the Lord, given the fact, that the Trypillia temple building is known from 4,000 years BC and is several thousand years older than the Middle Eastern counterparts. There are also significant parallels in the construction of temples in the context of Indo-European religious heritage.  It is noted that the Temple was not only a metaphysical reflection of the annual cycle with a focus on the points of the equinoxes and solstices, but also had a higher religious function, which consisted in the combination of the terrestrial sphere with the celestial, the connection of man with the mystery of the cosmos.

Робота присвячена осмисленню релігійної складової у виявах ритуальної
пластики трипільської етнокультурної спільноти. Автор роботи залучає до розгляду
одну з «візитних карток» духовної складової Трипілля – «біноклевидний» (біконічний)
керамічний посуд, який став одним з найбільш характерних візуальних маркерів цієї
культури

Сучасна історія України показує, що нація прагне просуватися європейським шляхом та відповідати рівню цивілізаційного розвитку Заходу. В такому стані справ, не можна залишати поза увагою права громадян, які є державотворчим принципом для європейських спільнот, а саме першочергових прав і свобод її громадян. Європейське обличчя України формується з багатьох складових, серед яких важливою є релігійні відносини в державі, в межах яких визначається свобода громадян в цілому. В 2015р. Папа Франциск нагадав про те, що релігійна свобода є «фундаментальним правом, яке формує спосіб, за допомогою якого ми взаємодіємо соціально і особисто з оточуючими нас людьми, релігійні погляди яких можуть відрізнятися від наших» [Джерело:радіо Ватикан. РЕЛІГІЙНА СВОБОДА І ПРАВА ЛЮДИНИ В ЄВРОПІ ХХІ СТОЛІТТЯ: НЕ ПРОБЛЕМА, АЛЕ ЧАСТИНА ВИРІШЕННЯ.01.11.2015].

На базі досліджень провідних іноземних та вітчизняних науковців розглянуто питання дохристиянської духовної спадщини території межиріччя Дніпрово-Дунайського водного басейну. Ключові слова: природні культи, релігія природи, ведична культура, індоєвропейці, дохристиянська культура.

The article «The Cults of Nature of the territory between the Dnipro-Danube water basin in the light of modern researhh» by I.Zavaliy is based on the research of leading foreign and domestic scientists consider the issues of pre-Christian spiritual heritage of the territory between the Dnipro- Danube water basin.  Keywords: The Cults of Nature, nature religion, Vedic culture, Indo-Europeans, Pre-Christian culture.

Ген аграрно-хліборобської цивілізації території сучасної України як маркер релігійних вірувань Анотації. В статті О. Завалія на основі аналізу досліджень провідних іноземних та вітчизняних науковців, розглянуто питання витоків землеробської культури території сучасної України, яка послугувала джерелом виникнення релігійних вірувань заснованих на Природному світобаченні що було зумовлено географічними умовами проживання. Ключові слова: гени, ДНК, індоєвропейці, індоєвропейська мова, землеробство, релігія природи, культи природи, дохристиянська культура. The article «The gene of agricultural grain-growing civilization of the modern Ukrainian territory as a marker of religious beliefs» by О. Zavalii. The issue of the origins of the agricultural culture of the territory of modern Ukraine is considered in the article, based on the analysis of the leading foreign and domestic scientists' research. The culture served as the source of religious beliefs based on the Natural worldview which was predetermined by the geographical living conditions.