Summary: Introduction: marijuana is most highly consumed abuse substance in America and Europe af... more Summary: Introduction: marijuana is most highly consumed abuse substance in America and Europe after alcohol. In Uruguay, the prevalence is close to 23%. The active ingredient, delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol, is responsible for its psychoactive effects. The main source of access for a child involves a relative and/or neighbor. Intoxication may be more severe in children, In 2013,.cannabis-sale regulating Act 19.172 was approved in Uruguay, and it generated a new potentially risky scenario for children. Objective: report clinical cases of severe unintentional intoxication from cannabis between March and June 2017, and analyze circumstances that led to exposure, clinical manifestations, severity and evolution. Clinical observation: 4 children (9 months, 1, 2 and 8 years of age) were assisted. In all cases, they had ingested cannabis in their home environment. They presented severe neurological symptoms: depressed level of consciousness, convulsive seizures, dystonia, ataxia, irritability. They required supportive measures, digestive decontamination and additional laboratory tests. Urine screening was positive in 4 cases. In 2, we performed confirmatory technique. As per the Poisoning Severity Score, all children suffered moderate intoxication. They were assisted jointly by a clinical toxicologist. Conclusions: children showing predominantly acute neurological symptoms with no apparent cause can be the subject of severe cannabis intoxication, especially when cannabis consumption takes place in their household environments. Surveillance is needed and future research will certainly contribute to the creation of prevention strategies with the purpose of reducing the potential unwanted consequences of this new scenario for children. Key words: Cannabis; Poisoning; Neurotoxicity syndromes; Marijuana use; Consciousness disorders
The consumption of alcohol and cocaine can affect pregnant’s health, fetus´s health and child dev... more The consumption of alcohol and cocaine can affect pregnant’s health, fetus´s health and child development, so it is important to recognize fetal exposure to these substances in order to plan appropriatemonitoring and timely interventions. The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of alcohol consumption and cocaine intake in the Hospital Pereira Rossell’s (Montevideo, Uruguay) population.The investigation consisted on an observational analytic cross-sectional study of 240 puerperal women and their children born at the Hospital Pereira Rossell from November 2010 to March 2011. The method used for the identification of free fatty acid ethyl esters in meconium of newborns was developed at the Polo Tecnologico de Pando, Facultad de Quimica, Universidad de la Republica for this investigation. The media of maternal age was 25; Alcohol consumption during pregnancy was admitted by 81 women, and the presence of free fatty acids ethyl esters was confirmed in 113 cases (49.78%); the consumption of cocaine hydrochloride and freebase cocaine was positive in 9.25% cases. Alcohol consumption was identified in half of pregnant women. The consumption of cocaine derivatives in the population studied was high. Exposed fetus can be identified with the analysis of meconium samples, with more certainty than by reports of patients.
Título: Consumo de pasta base de cocaína en Uruguay en el embarazo, su incidencia, característica... more Título: Consumo de pasta base de cocaína en Uruguay en el embarazo, su incidencia, características y repercusiones/Cocaine base paste consumption during pregnancy in Uruguay, its incidence, characteristics and repercussions
Summary Cocaine base paste, CBP (the acronym in Spanish for "pasta base de cocaína") co... more Summary Cocaine base paste, CBP (the acronym in Spanish for "pasta base de cocaína") consumption is a major health and social problem in several Latin- American countries, including Uruguay. Currently, there are no published scientific evidences of CBP central actions that may explain the syntomatology observed in its consumers. CBP is a cocaine-smoking form. Although subjective effects induced by CBP
Introducción: el consumo de cafeína es un hábito extendido a nivel mundial, destacándose el mate ... more Introducción: el consumo de cafeína es un hábito extendido a nivel mundial, destacándose el mate en los países del cono sur como una fuente importante de ingesta. Objetivos: valorar la ingesta de cafeína en el embarazo, el aporte de las diferentes fuentes de ingesta y su relación con el peso al nacer. Metodología y población: se realizó un estudio observacional, analítico de corte transversal que incluyó 240 puérperas y sus recién nacidos sanos de 35 semanas de gestación o mayores. Resultados: la media de edad materna fue de 24,96 (DE=6,01), Estaban casadas o convivían con su pareja 179 mujeres (74,58%). De ellas 67 (28,03%) eran primigestas. La media de controles del embarazo fue 7,31 (DE=3,32) y nacieron por cesárea 70 (29,17%). Las características de los recién nacidos reflejan los criterios de inclusión referidos: 35 semanas de gestación o mayores, vigorosos, internados junto a su madre luego del nacimiento. Durante todo el embarazo la fuente principal de cafeína fue la ingesta de mate. La media de consumo de cafeína fue de 273,99 mg/día; el consumo de mate es la principal fuente de cafeína con una media de 240 mg/día, aportando un 85% de la ingesta diaria de cafeína. Se observó consumo de cafeína mayor de 300 mg/día en 77 embarazadas, 32% de la muestra. La ingesta de cafeína mayor a 300 mg/día se asocia al nacimiento de un niño pequeño para la edad gestacional, la ingesta de 100 mg de cafeína por día disminuye el peso al nacer en 38 g, independientemente del índice de masa corporal y el hábito de fumar. Conclusiones: el consumo de cafeína es elevado en las embarazadas en Uruguay, superando los 300 mg diarios en 32% de la muestra. La ingesta de mate es la fuente principal de cafeína en esta población. El consumo de cafeína mayor a 300 mg diarios se asocia a mayor riesgo de recién nacidos pequeños para la edad gestacional. En vistas a la evidencia científica actual debería implementarse una adecuada información para lograr un descenso del consumo de mate y cafeína durante la gestación.
Summary: Introduction: marijuana is most highly consumed abuse substance in America and Europe af... more Summary: Introduction: marijuana is most highly consumed abuse substance in America and Europe after alcohol. In Uruguay, the prevalence is close to 23%. The active ingredient, delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol, is responsible for its psychoactive effects. The main source of access for a child involves a relative and/or neighbor. Intoxication may be more severe in children, In 2013,.cannabis-sale regulating Act 19.172 was approved in Uruguay, and it generated a new potentially risky scenario for children. Objective: report clinical cases of severe unintentional intoxication from cannabis between March and June 2017, and analyze circumstances that led to exposure, clinical manifestations, severity and evolution. Clinical observation: 4 children (9 months, 1, 2 and 8 years of age) were assisted. In all cases, they had ingested cannabis in their home environment. They presented severe neurological symptoms: depressed level of consciousness, convulsive seizures, dystonia, ataxia, irritability. They required supportive measures, digestive decontamination and additional laboratory tests. Urine screening was positive in 4 cases. In 2, we performed confirmatory technique. As per the Poisoning Severity Score, all children suffered moderate intoxication. They were assisted jointly by a clinical toxicologist. Conclusions: children showing predominantly acute neurological symptoms with no apparent cause can be the subject of severe cannabis intoxication, especially when cannabis consumption takes place in their household environments. Surveillance is needed and future research will certainly contribute to the creation of prevention strategies with the purpose of reducing the potential unwanted consequences of this new scenario for children. Key words: Cannabis; Poisoning; Neurotoxicity syndromes; Marijuana use; Consciousness disorders
The consumption of alcohol and cocaine can affect pregnant’s health, fetus´s health and child dev... more The consumption of alcohol and cocaine can affect pregnant’s health, fetus´s health and child development, so it is important to recognize fetal exposure to these substances in order to plan appropriatemonitoring and timely interventions. The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of alcohol consumption and cocaine intake in the Hospital Pereira Rossell’s (Montevideo, Uruguay) population.The investigation consisted on an observational analytic cross-sectional study of 240 puerperal women and their children born at the Hospital Pereira Rossell from November 2010 to March 2011. The method used for the identification of free fatty acid ethyl esters in meconium of newborns was developed at the Polo Tecnologico de Pando, Facultad de Quimica, Universidad de la Republica for this investigation. The media of maternal age was 25; Alcohol consumption during pregnancy was admitted by 81 women, and the presence of free fatty acids ethyl esters was confirmed in 113 cases (49.78%); the consumption of cocaine hydrochloride and freebase cocaine was positive in 9.25% cases. Alcohol consumption was identified in half of pregnant women. The consumption of cocaine derivatives in the population studied was high. Exposed fetus can be identified with the analysis of meconium samples, with more certainty than by reports of patients.
Título: Consumo de pasta base de cocaína en Uruguay en el embarazo, su incidencia, característica... more Título: Consumo de pasta base de cocaína en Uruguay en el embarazo, su incidencia, características y repercusiones/Cocaine base paste consumption during pregnancy in Uruguay, its incidence, characteristics and repercussions
Summary Cocaine base paste, CBP (the acronym in Spanish for "pasta base de cocaína") co... more Summary Cocaine base paste, CBP (the acronym in Spanish for "pasta base de cocaína") consumption is a major health and social problem in several Latin- American countries, including Uruguay. Currently, there are no published scientific evidences of CBP central actions that may explain the syntomatology observed in its consumers. CBP is a cocaine-smoking form. Although subjective effects induced by CBP
Introducción: el consumo de cafeína es un hábito extendido a nivel mundial, destacándose el mate ... more Introducción: el consumo de cafeína es un hábito extendido a nivel mundial, destacándose el mate en los países del cono sur como una fuente importante de ingesta. Objetivos: valorar la ingesta de cafeína en el embarazo, el aporte de las diferentes fuentes de ingesta y su relación con el peso al nacer. Metodología y población: se realizó un estudio observacional, analítico de corte transversal que incluyó 240 puérperas y sus recién nacidos sanos de 35 semanas de gestación o mayores. Resultados: la media de edad materna fue de 24,96 (DE=6,01), Estaban casadas o convivían con su pareja 179 mujeres (74,58%). De ellas 67 (28,03%) eran primigestas. La media de controles del embarazo fue 7,31 (DE=3,32) y nacieron por cesárea 70 (29,17%). Las características de los recién nacidos reflejan los criterios de inclusión referidos: 35 semanas de gestación o mayores, vigorosos, internados junto a su madre luego del nacimiento. Durante todo el embarazo la fuente principal de cafeína fue la ingesta de mate. La media de consumo de cafeína fue de 273,99 mg/día; el consumo de mate es la principal fuente de cafeína con una media de 240 mg/día, aportando un 85% de la ingesta diaria de cafeína. Se observó consumo de cafeína mayor de 300 mg/día en 77 embarazadas, 32% de la muestra. La ingesta de cafeína mayor a 300 mg/día se asocia al nacimiento de un niño pequeño para la edad gestacional, la ingesta de 100 mg de cafeína por día disminuye el peso al nacer en 38 g, independientemente del índice de masa corporal y el hábito de fumar. Conclusiones: el consumo de cafeína es elevado en las embarazadas en Uruguay, superando los 300 mg diarios en 32% de la muestra. La ingesta de mate es la fuente principal de cafeína en esta población. El consumo de cafeína mayor a 300 mg diarios se asocia a mayor riesgo de recién nacidos pequeños para la edad gestacional. En vistas a la evidencia científica actual debería implementarse una adecuada información para lograr un descenso del consumo de mate y cafeína durante la gestación.
Consumo de pasta base de cocaína y cocaína en mujeres durante el embarazo, 2016
Esta publicación reúne un conjunto de investigaciones referidas al consumo de pasta base de cocaí... more Esta publicación reúne un conjunto de investigaciones referidas al consumo de pasta base de cocaína y cocaína en mujeres durante el embarazo y en las primeras etapas posteriores al parto, realizadas por el equipo de investigación interdisciplinario Infancia 2020, de la Universidad de la República, Uruguay. Se comparten aproximaciones desde el campo de la salud, la bioquímica y la antropología.
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