韻律
外觀
韻律(Meter)係西方詩歌裏頭嗰一隻韻文(verse)嗰基本用韻結構。佢嗰韻腳(feet)分得正好幾類。
一歩格(英語:Monometer)係話一行單就一隻韻腳。像:
- Thus I
- Passe by,
- And die:
- As one,
- Unknown,
- And gone.
两歩格(英語:Dimeter)係話一行單就两隻韻腳。像:
- Take her up // tenderly,
- Lift her with // care,
- Fashioned so // slenderly,
- Young and so // fair.
三歩格(英語:Trimeter)係話一行單就三隻韻腳。像:
- When here // the spring // we see,
- Fresh green // upon // the tree.
四歩格(英語:Tetrameter)係話一行單就四隻韻腳。佢嗰下頭又拕分做好幾隻細分類。像:
- 弱弱強四歩格(Anapestic tetrameter):「And the sheen // of their spears // was like stars // on the sea」;
- 弱強四歩格(Iambic tetrameter):「Because // I could // not stop // for Death」
- 強弱四歩格(Trochaic tetrameter):「Peter, // Peter, // pumpkin- // eater」
- 強弱弱四歩格(Dactylic tetrameter):「Picture your // self in a // boat on a // river with ...」
五歩格(英語:Pentameter)係話一行單就五隻韻腳。弱強五歩格(iambic pentameter)係佢最常用嗰形式,像:「A horse! A horse! My kingdom for a horse!」
強弱五歩格(trochaic pentameter)也係五歩格嗰一类形式,像:「Never, never, never, never, never!」
六歩格(英語:Hexameter)係話一行單就六隻韻腳。像:
- Nor // any // other // wold // like Cotswold // ever sped,
- So rich // and // fair // a vale // in fortuning // to wed.
七歩格(英語:Heptameter)係話一行單就七隻韻腳。通常佢會有 14 - 21 隻音節。像:
- 'Tis but as ivy-leaves around the ruin'd turret wreathe,
- All green and wildly fresh without, but worn and gray beneath.
- O could I feel as I have felt, or be what I have been,
- Or weep as I could once have wept o'er many a vanish'd scene,-
- As springs in deserts found seem sweet, all brackish though they be,
- So midst the wither'd waste of life, those tears would flow to me!
八歩格(英語:Octameter)係話一行單就八隻韻腳。佢拕分做两隻細分類。
- 強弱八歩格(Trochaic octameter)
- Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary
- Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore-
- While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping
- As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door
- 強弱弱八歩格(Dactylic octameter)
- Ere frost-flower and snow-blossom faded and fell, and the splendour of winter had passed out of sight,
- The ways of the woodlands were fairer and stranger than dreams that fulfil us in sleep with delight;
- The breath of the mouths of the winds had hardened on tree-tops and branches that glittered and swayed
- Such wonders and glories of blossomlike snow or of frost that outlightens all flowers till it fade