Semio-Semantic Analysis of Facebook: The Digital Colonization of Untouched and Untold Fabrications , 2024
This paper presents a semio-semantic analysis of Facebook, one of the most widely used social med... more This paper presents a semio-semantic analysis of Facebook, one of the most widely used social media platforms today, with the aim of uncovering the digital colonization of untouched and untold fabrications within the platform. To do so, firstly, this paper explores how the logo and icon of Facebook create different meanings in association with contexts. Then, it focuses on what impact, in terms of digital colonization, do these meanings have on Facebook itself and its users. The study employs qualitative descriptive methods to analyze the connotation and denotation of the words "Facemash", "[thefacebook]", and "Facebook" as well as their individual components, "face", "mash", and "book". Additionally, the study also semiotically examines the appearance, color, and shape of the Facebook logo and icon, and their modifications over time. The results reveal that there is a subtle form of digital colonization taking place on Facebook, with certain meanings and beliefs being embedded within the platform through these semiotic and semantic elements.
Journal for Researching Education Practice and Theory , 2022
The information technology revolution, which resulted in a paradigm shift, ushered in the twentyf... more The information technology revolution, which resulted in a paradigm shift, ushered in the twentyfirst century, with technological advancements directing employers' attention to abilities such as creativity, critical thinking, problem-solving, communication, and collaboration, which quickly transformed education systems around the world, including Bangladesh. This development necessitated a greater focus on curriculum, textbooks, platforms and resources, which began to reflect content that would empower learners with 21st-century skills, but not on teachers who are from the twentieth century. Hence, some questions arise, which are the research questions of this study as well as to how can teachers with 20 th century competencies teach 21 st century students to acquire 21st-century skills? Shouldn't they be familiarized, acculturated, and informed of the appropriate teaching and assessment methods? This study was designed to compile and analyze diachronic and sampling quantitative and qualitative data from three instruments administered across five universities in Bangladesh over a six-month period. The data was then examined utilizing interpretive research findings, which revealed specific reasons favoring the incorporation of the 21st century skills in teacher education. The study's findings backed up the idea that curriculum change, teacher training, and collaboration are the only options for successfully empowering teachers to impart 21st-century skills required for teaching and learning.
This data-driven paper will explore the teachers’ behavioral and affective orientation to e-learn... more This data-driven paper will explore the teachers’ behavioral and affective orientation to e-learning that is in practice at all the levels of education in Bangladesh i.e. primary school, secondary school, higher secondary school, college, and university. It will also investigate the reasons for such disarray and propose solutions to overcome them. It acquired its data through online surveys followed by quantitative analysis through descriptive inferential analogies of the findings represented logarithmically. The result suggests that e-learning in Bangladesh is vitiated due to the diffusion in the teaching staff demographics and diluted apprehension of the e-learning. Since triggered by the COVID - 19 Pandemic, the entire world shifted to e-learning in full swing much as a makeshift migration rather than a meticulously planned permanent solution to migrate to Education 3.0 or above in the post-new normal. Teachers’ preparation, technological know-how and adaptation to the e-learning platforms, their methods of teaching, measurement of outcomes, and mapping of curricula indicate a hasty jump into a paradigm that is socio-culturally immersive and demands for socio-constructivist leap at the expense of the learners’ economic solvency and poor tech literacy. Moreover, the shifting paradigm that Bangladesh has made an effort to enter by moving from Education 1.0 to Education 3.0 is more affective and behavioral than cognitive in the implementation. Their curricula, teacher readiness, tech-choices, best practices, teaching methods, graduate attributes planning, and means of delivery are all disjointed in their attempt to perpetuate any forms of e-learning, except distance learning. Research indicates that the very concept of e-learning is either diluted or spun around the idea of education via some usage of technology only, more specifically web conference applications which is indicative of Education 2.0 practices. There is no distinction made that separates online learning from e-learning, e-learning from distance and distance from blended learning, etc in the current environment.
Being one of the vital platforms of entertainment, songs greatly contribute to represent the cult... more Being one of the vital platforms of entertainment, songs greatly contribute to represent the culture and traditions of a particular community and state. Be it Bollywood, Tollywood, or Dhallywood, item songs are at the core of vogue nowadays. These songs are engulfed with erotic representation and vulgar phrases, especially metaphors, similes, and proper nouns, that purposefully target women to objectify and commodify them both visually and verbally. The objective of the study is to examine how the female characters in Bollywood item songs are being commodified through the tactful usage of phrases. For this study, the English translated version of a list of popular item songs from 2010 to 2017 was accumulated from different websites as data which were later thematically discussed in relation to the theory of voyeurism and objectification. The auditory phrases unveiled some exclusive findings, for example, emphasis on women’s body part, the portrayal of women as intoxicating substance...
Contemporary Research in Education and English Language Teaching
This study explores the teachers' behavioral and affective orientation to e-learning that... more This study explores the teachers' behavioral and affective orientation to e-learning that is in practice at all the levels of education in Bangladesh i.e. primary school, secondary school, higher secondary school, college, and university. By investigating the reasons for such disarray, it proposes solutions to overcome them. It acquired its data through online surveys followed by quantitative analysis through descriptive inferential analogies of the logarithmically represented findings. The result of the study documents that teachers' preparation, technological know-how and adaptation to the e-learning platforms, their methods of teaching, measurement of outcomes, and mapping of curricula suggest that e-learning in Bangladesh is vitiated due to the diffusion in the teaching staff demographics and diluted apprehension of the e-learning. The paper's primary findings show that Bangladesh's progress from Education 1.0 to Education 3.0 is more affective and behavioral than cognitive in the implementation; wherein, the very concept of e-learning is diluted or spun around the idea of education via some usage of technology only, more specifically web conference applications which is indicative of Education 2.0 practices. There is no distinction made that separates online learning from e-learning, e-learning from distance and distance from blended learning, etc. in the current environment.
Contemporary Research in Education and English Language Teaching, 2020
This study explores the teachers' behavioral and affective orientation to e-learning that is ... more This study explores the teachers' behavioral and affective orientation to e-learning that is in practice at all the levels of education in Bangladesh i.e. primary school, secondary school, higher secondary school, college, and university. By investigating the reasons for such disarray, it proposes solutions to overcome them. It acquired its data through online surveys followed by quantitative analysis through descriptive inferential analogies of the logarithmically represented findings. The result of the study documents that teachers' preparation, technological know-how and adaptation to the e-learning platforms, their methods of teaching, measurement of outcomes, and mapping of curricula suggest that e-learning in Bangladesh is vitiated due to the diffusion in the teaching staff demographics and diluted apprehension of the e-learning. The paper's primary findings show that Bangladesh's progress from Education 1.0 to Education 3.0 is more affective and behavioral tha...
Being one of the vital platforms of entertainment, songs greatly contribute to represent the cult... more Being one of the vital platforms of entertainment, songs greatly contribute to represent the culture and traditions of a particular community and state. Be it Bollywood, Tollywood, or Dhallywood, item songs are at the core of vogue nowadays. These songs are engulfed with erotic representation and vulgar phrases, especially metaphors, similes, and proper nouns, that purposefully target women to objectify and commodify them both visually and verbally. The objective of the study is to examine how the female characters in Bollywood item songs are being commodified through the tactful usage of phrases. For this study, the English translated version of a list of popular item songs from 2010 to 2017 was accumulated from different websites as data which were later thematically discussed in relation to the theory of voyeurism and objectification. The auditory phrases unveiled some exclusive findings, for example, emphasis on women's body part, the portrayal of women as intoxicating substance and sustenance, use of repulsive and salacious simile or metaphor, and appreciation of beauty especially for white skin (Dwivedi, 2017).
In the field of marketing and advertising, the choice of words for naming products and brands has... more In the field of marketing and advertising, the choice of words for naming products and brands has the power to convey the intended messages to the target people and influence their behavior according to the way the advertisers plan. Morphological word formation processes-blending, compounding, borrowing, coinage, initialization, acronym, clipping, back formation, inflection, derivation-have been the keystone of choosing and adapting the powerful and convincing word[s] for promoting products, shops and companies. This paper intends to uncover the processes of word formation applied to advertisement, and how the intended meaning of the advertised word deviates from their lexical meaning as lexical words. For this study, the names of beverages of some well-known companies were collected as data from a variety of advertisement sources, such as websites, brochures, products and billboards in Bangladesh. The data having unique tags and provocative messages for consumers were analyzed applying a descriptive qualitative method. Finally, the results showed that the words or phrases used for naming and advertising beverage had a wide-ranged reflection of morphological word formation processes along with partial to complete change of meaning compared to the meaning of lexicology.
MAHATMA GANDHI INTERNATIONAL MULTIDISCIPLINARY CONGRESS, 2018
In this age of technologically advanced media, especially the TV series on satellite channels are... more In this age of technologically advanced media, especially the TV series on satellite channels are considered the most powerful and permeant entertainment platforms where people live in or within it. In the recent Indian television drama series, the under/representation along with the stereotypical portrayals of women and men are very conspicuous. As a consequence, these -TV series- have great deal of impact upon how we construe and understand men and women. This type of alluring representation surges the mass towards reaching the peak of this typified relationship demonstrated in the TV series. However, in relation to case studies, it also sheds light on the implications our real-life relationship has such as, men's authority and women's incompetence and vice-versa. In addition to that, this paper aims at unveiling how these TV series actually deviate us from the way of inferring, interpreting and understanding towards a same situation in reality. For this qualitative study, a Hindi TV series titled Yeh Rishta Kya Kehlata Hai (What is this relationship called?) has been selected as a stimulus.
Key Words: Under/representation, stereotypical portrayal, implications on real-life relationship
Language is the most shared and dependable way for individuals to express their thoughts and emot... more Language is the most shared and dependable way for individuals to express their thoughts and emotions into a form that is intelligible to others. The words and language we use to communicate with others are the indispensable stuff of our psychology and communication. However, individuals' choice of words and the ways of use carry a great deal of determining information about themselves, their audience, and the situations they are in. With the advancement of technology-based media, the use of English in social media, one of the platforms for determining personality, countenances the researchers to investigate the language from various angles to dependably and swiftly assess the subtleties of individual personality. Illustrating how psychological aspects of language are interconnected with personality determinants, this paper attempts to disclose how personalities can be determined through analyzing the language used by individuals on Facebook-a social communication medium. Then, this paper demonstrates the connection between the personality variables-extraversion, neuroticism, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness-and the particles of language-pronouns, adjectives, adverbs, verbs, articles and prepositions along with their contextual usage. After that, the study analyzes sample datain relation to psychological aspects of language and personality determinants through applying a qualitative approach. Finally, the paper unveils how Facebook English facilitates determining personality along with its real-life implications.
This data-driven paper will explore the teachers’ behavioral and affective orientation to e-learn... more This data-driven paper will explore the teachers’ behavioral and affective orientation to e-learning that is in practice at all the levels of education in Bangladesh i.e. primary school, secondary school, higher secondary school, college, and university. It will also investigate the reasons for such disarray and propose solutions to overcome them. It acquired its data through online surveys followed by quantitative analysis through descriptive inferential analogies of the findings represented logarithmically. The result suggests that e-learning in Bangladesh is vitiated due to the diffusion in the teaching staff demographics and diluted apprehension of the e-learning. Since triggered by the COVID - 19 Pandemic, the entire world shifted to e-learning in full swing much as a makeshift migration rather than a meticulously planned permanent solution to migrate to Education 3.0 or above in the post-new normal. Teachers’ preparation, technological know-how and adaptation to the e-learning platforms, their methods of teaching, measurement of outcomes, and mapping of curricula indicate a hasty jump into a paradigm that is socio-culturally immersive and demands for socio-constructivist leap at the expense of the learners’ economic solvency and poor tech literacy. Moreover, the shifting paradigm that Bangladesh has made an effort to enter by moving from Education 1.0 to Education 3.0 is more affective and behavioral than cognitive in the implementation. Their curricula, teacher readiness, tech-choices, best practices, teaching methods, graduate attributes planning, and means of delivery are all disjointed in their attempt to perpetuate any forms of e-learning, except distance learning. Research indicates that the very concept of e-learning is either diluted or spun around the idea of education via some usage of technology only, more specifically web conference applications which is indicative of Education 2.0 practices. There is no distinction made that separates online learning from e-learning, e-learning from distance and distance from blended learning, etc in the current environment.
Semio-Semantic Analysis of Facebook: The Digital Colonization of Untouched and Untold Fabrications , 2024
This paper presents a semio-semantic analysis of Facebook, one of the most widely used social med... more This paper presents a semio-semantic analysis of Facebook, one of the most widely used social media platforms today, with the aim of uncovering the digital colonization of untouched and untold fabrications within the platform. To do so, firstly, this paper explores how the logo and icon of Facebook create different meanings in association with contexts. Then, it focuses on what impact, in terms of digital colonization, do these meanings have on Facebook itself and its users. The study employs qualitative descriptive methods to analyze the connotation and denotation of the words "Facemash", "[thefacebook]", and "Facebook" as well as their individual components, "face", "mash", and "book". Additionally, the study also semiotically examines the appearance, color, and shape of the Facebook logo and icon, and their modifications over time. The results reveal that there is a subtle form of digital colonization taking place on Facebook, with certain meanings and beliefs being embedded within the platform through these semiotic and semantic elements.
Journal for Researching Education Practice and Theory , 2022
The information technology revolution, which resulted in a paradigm shift, ushered in the twentyf... more The information technology revolution, which resulted in a paradigm shift, ushered in the twentyfirst century, with technological advancements directing employers' attention to abilities such as creativity, critical thinking, problem-solving, communication, and collaboration, which quickly transformed education systems around the world, including Bangladesh. This development necessitated a greater focus on curriculum, textbooks, platforms and resources, which began to reflect content that would empower learners with 21st-century skills, but not on teachers who are from the twentieth century. Hence, some questions arise, which are the research questions of this study as well as to how can teachers with 20 th century competencies teach 21 st century students to acquire 21st-century skills? Shouldn't they be familiarized, acculturated, and informed of the appropriate teaching and assessment methods? This study was designed to compile and analyze diachronic and sampling quantitative and qualitative data from three instruments administered across five universities in Bangladesh over a six-month period. The data was then examined utilizing interpretive research findings, which revealed specific reasons favoring the incorporation of the 21st century skills in teacher education. The study's findings backed up the idea that curriculum change, teacher training, and collaboration are the only options for successfully empowering teachers to impart 21st-century skills required for teaching and learning.
This data-driven paper will explore the teachers’ behavioral and affective orientation to e-learn... more This data-driven paper will explore the teachers’ behavioral and affective orientation to e-learning that is in practice at all the levels of education in Bangladesh i.e. primary school, secondary school, higher secondary school, college, and university. It will also investigate the reasons for such disarray and propose solutions to overcome them. It acquired its data through online surveys followed by quantitative analysis through descriptive inferential analogies of the findings represented logarithmically. The result suggests that e-learning in Bangladesh is vitiated due to the diffusion in the teaching staff demographics and diluted apprehension of the e-learning. Since triggered by the COVID - 19 Pandemic, the entire world shifted to e-learning in full swing much as a makeshift migration rather than a meticulously planned permanent solution to migrate to Education 3.0 or above in the post-new normal. Teachers’ preparation, technological know-how and adaptation to the e-learning platforms, their methods of teaching, measurement of outcomes, and mapping of curricula indicate a hasty jump into a paradigm that is socio-culturally immersive and demands for socio-constructivist leap at the expense of the learners’ economic solvency and poor tech literacy. Moreover, the shifting paradigm that Bangladesh has made an effort to enter by moving from Education 1.0 to Education 3.0 is more affective and behavioral than cognitive in the implementation. Their curricula, teacher readiness, tech-choices, best practices, teaching methods, graduate attributes planning, and means of delivery are all disjointed in their attempt to perpetuate any forms of e-learning, except distance learning. Research indicates that the very concept of e-learning is either diluted or spun around the idea of education via some usage of technology only, more specifically web conference applications which is indicative of Education 2.0 practices. There is no distinction made that separates online learning from e-learning, e-learning from distance and distance from blended learning, etc in the current environment.
Being one of the vital platforms of entertainment, songs greatly contribute to represent the cult... more Being one of the vital platforms of entertainment, songs greatly contribute to represent the culture and traditions of a particular community and state. Be it Bollywood, Tollywood, or Dhallywood, item songs are at the core of vogue nowadays. These songs are engulfed with erotic representation and vulgar phrases, especially metaphors, similes, and proper nouns, that purposefully target women to objectify and commodify them both visually and verbally. The objective of the study is to examine how the female characters in Bollywood item songs are being commodified through the tactful usage of phrases. For this study, the English translated version of a list of popular item songs from 2010 to 2017 was accumulated from different websites as data which were later thematically discussed in relation to the theory of voyeurism and objectification. The auditory phrases unveiled some exclusive findings, for example, emphasis on women’s body part, the portrayal of women as intoxicating substance...
Contemporary Research in Education and English Language Teaching
This study explores the teachers' behavioral and affective orientation to e-learning that... more This study explores the teachers' behavioral and affective orientation to e-learning that is in practice at all the levels of education in Bangladesh i.e. primary school, secondary school, higher secondary school, college, and university. By investigating the reasons for such disarray, it proposes solutions to overcome them. It acquired its data through online surveys followed by quantitative analysis through descriptive inferential analogies of the logarithmically represented findings. The result of the study documents that teachers' preparation, technological know-how and adaptation to the e-learning platforms, their methods of teaching, measurement of outcomes, and mapping of curricula suggest that e-learning in Bangladesh is vitiated due to the diffusion in the teaching staff demographics and diluted apprehension of the e-learning. The paper's primary findings show that Bangladesh's progress from Education 1.0 to Education 3.0 is more affective and behavioral than cognitive in the implementation; wherein, the very concept of e-learning is diluted or spun around the idea of education via some usage of technology only, more specifically web conference applications which is indicative of Education 2.0 practices. There is no distinction made that separates online learning from e-learning, e-learning from distance and distance from blended learning, etc. in the current environment.
Contemporary Research in Education and English Language Teaching, 2020
This study explores the teachers' behavioral and affective orientation to e-learning that is ... more This study explores the teachers' behavioral and affective orientation to e-learning that is in practice at all the levels of education in Bangladesh i.e. primary school, secondary school, higher secondary school, college, and university. By investigating the reasons for such disarray, it proposes solutions to overcome them. It acquired its data through online surveys followed by quantitative analysis through descriptive inferential analogies of the logarithmically represented findings. The result of the study documents that teachers' preparation, technological know-how and adaptation to the e-learning platforms, their methods of teaching, measurement of outcomes, and mapping of curricula suggest that e-learning in Bangladesh is vitiated due to the diffusion in the teaching staff demographics and diluted apprehension of the e-learning. The paper's primary findings show that Bangladesh's progress from Education 1.0 to Education 3.0 is more affective and behavioral tha...
Being one of the vital platforms of entertainment, songs greatly contribute to represent the cult... more Being one of the vital platforms of entertainment, songs greatly contribute to represent the culture and traditions of a particular community and state. Be it Bollywood, Tollywood, or Dhallywood, item songs are at the core of vogue nowadays. These songs are engulfed with erotic representation and vulgar phrases, especially metaphors, similes, and proper nouns, that purposefully target women to objectify and commodify them both visually and verbally. The objective of the study is to examine how the female characters in Bollywood item songs are being commodified through the tactful usage of phrases. For this study, the English translated version of a list of popular item songs from 2010 to 2017 was accumulated from different websites as data which were later thematically discussed in relation to the theory of voyeurism and objectification. The auditory phrases unveiled some exclusive findings, for example, emphasis on women's body part, the portrayal of women as intoxicating substance and sustenance, use of repulsive and salacious simile or metaphor, and appreciation of beauty especially for white skin (Dwivedi, 2017).
In the field of marketing and advertising, the choice of words for naming products and brands has... more In the field of marketing and advertising, the choice of words for naming products and brands has the power to convey the intended messages to the target people and influence their behavior according to the way the advertisers plan. Morphological word formation processes-blending, compounding, borrowing, coinage, initialization, acronym, clipping, back formation, inflection, derivation-have been the keystone of choosing and adapting the powerful and convincing word[s] for promoting products, shops and companies. This paper intends to uncover the processes of word formation applied to advertisement, and how the intended meaning of the advertised word deviates from their lexical meaning as lexical words. For this study, the names of beverages of some well-known companies were collected as data from a variety of advertisement sources, such as websites, brochures, products and billboards in Bangladesh. The data having unique tags and provocative messages for consumers were analyzed applying a descriptive qualitative method. Finally, the results showed that the words or phrases used for naming and advertising beverage had a wide-ranged reflection of morphological word formation processes along with partial to complete change of meaning compared to the meaning of lexicology.
MAHATMA GANDHI INTERNATIONAL MULTIDISCIPLINARY CONGRESS, 2018
In this age of technologically advanced media, especially the TV series on satellite channels are... more In this age of technologically advanced media, especially the TV series on satellite channels are considered the most powerful and permeant entertainment platforms where people live in or within it. In the recent Indian television drama series, the under/representation along with the stereotypical portrayals of women and men are very conspicuous. As a consequence, these -TV series- have great deal of impact upon how we construe and understand men and women. This type of alluring representation surges the mass towards reaching the peak of this typified relationship demonstrated in the TV series. However, in relation to case studies, it also sheds light on the implications our real-life relationship has such as, men's authority and women's incompetence and vice-versa. In addition to that, this paper aims at unveiling how these TV series actually deviate us from the way of inferring, interpreting and understanding towards a same situation in reality. For this qualitative study, a Hindi TV series titled Yeh Rishta Kya Kehlata Hai (What is this relationship called?) has been selected as a stimulus.
Key Words: Under/representation, stereotypical portrayal, implications on real-life relationship
Language is the most shared and dependable way for individuals to express their thoughts and emot... more Language is the most shared and dependable way for individuals to express their thoughts and emotions into a form that is intelligible to others. The words and language we use to communicate with others are the indispensable stuff of our psychology and communication. However, individuals' choice of words and the ways of use carry a great deal of determining information about themselves, their audience, and the situations they are in. With the advancement of technology-based media, the use of English in social media, one of the platforms for determining personality, countenances the researchers to investigate the language from various angles to dependably and swiftly assess the subtleties of individual personality. Illustrating how psychological aspects of language are interconnected with personality determinants, this paper attempts to disclose how personalities can be determined through analyzing the language used by individuals on Facebook-a social communication medium. Then, this paper demonstrates the connection between the personality variables-extraversion, neuroticism, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness-and the particles of language-pronouns, adjectives, adverbs, verbs, articles and prepositions along with their contextual usage. After that, the study analyzes sample datain relation to psychological aspects of language and personality determinants through applying a qualitative approach. Finally, the paper unveils how Facebook English facilitates determining personality along with its real-life implications.
This data-driven paper will explore the teachers’ behavioral and affective orientation to e-learn... more This data-driven paper will explore the teachers’ behavioral and affective orientation to e-learning that is in practice at all the levels of education in Bangladesh i.e. primary school, secondary school, higher secondary school, college, and university. It will also investigate the reasons for such disarray and propose solutions to overcome them. It acquired its data through online surveys followed by quantitative analysis through descriptive inferential analogies of the findings represented logarithmically. The result suggests that e-learning in Bangladesh is vitiated due to the diffusion in the teaching staff demographics and diluted apprehension of the e-learning. Since triggered by the COVID - 19 Pandemic, the entire world shifted to e-learning in full swing much as a makeshift migration rather than a meticulously planned permanent solution to migrate to Education 3.0 or above in the post-new normal. Teachers’ preparation, technological know-how and adaptation to the e-learning platforms, their methods of teaching, measurement of outcomes, and mapping of curricula indicate a hasty jump into a paradigm that is socio-culturally immersive and demands for socio-constructivist leap at the expense of the learners’ economic solvency and poor tech literacy. Moreover, the shifting paradigm that Bangladesh has made an effort to enter by moving from Education 1.0 to Education 3.0 is more affective and behavioral than cognitive in the implementation. Their curricula, teacher readiness, tech-choices, best practices, teaching methods, graduate attributes planning, and means of delivery are all disjointed in their attempt to perpetuate any forms of e-learning, except distance learning. Research indicates that the very concept of e-learning is either diluted or spun around the idea of education via some usage of technology only, more specifically web conference applications which is indicative of Education 2.0 practices. There is no distinction made that separates online learning from e-learning, e-learning from distance and distance from blended learning, etc in the current environment.
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Papers by Rasel Kabir
TV series actually deviate us from the way of inferring, interpreting and understanding towards a same situation in reality. For this qualitative study, a Hindi TV series titled Yeh Rishta Kya Kehlata Hai (What is this relationship called?) has been selected as a stimulus.
Key Words: Under/representation, stereotypical portrayal, implications on real-life relationship
Drafts by Rasel Kabir
TV series actually deviate us from the way of inferring, interpreting and understanding towards a same situation in reality. For this qualitative study, a Hindi TV series titled Yeh Rishta Kya Kehlata Hai (What is this relationship called?) has been selected as a stimulus.
Key Words: Under/representation, stereotypical portrayal, implications on real-life relationship