Anabel Sánchez García

Background: Of the primary procedures associated with facial gender confirmation surgery, those involving the mentomandibular complex have received the least attention in the literature. Methods: The authors present their experience with 837 trans feminine patients operated on for facial gender confirmation surgery who underwent mandibular bone contouring procedures, including bone contouring, chin and mandibular body and angle ostectomies, and osteotomies to reposition the chin. The authors describe the surgical techniques and materials used, and present a customized lower border–supported cutting guide designed by their team and used with 205 patients. A femininity perception score was calculated preoperatively and 12 months postoperatively, and satisfaction with the results was measured 12 months postoperatively. Results: The postoperative follow-up ranged from 12 to 110 months. The mean femininity perception score increased from 47.86 preoperatively to 76.41 at 12 months postoperatively (p < 0.001). No emergency surgical operations were required. In no case was there any permanent damage to the mental or inferior dental nerve. The reoperation percentage because of problems detected during the postoperative period was 2.63 percent (22 patients). Conclusions: With facial gender confirmation surgery of the jawline and chin, it is possible to modify the transverse and vertical components of the jaw; soften the gonial angles; change the format, bone volume, and position of the chin; and harmonize the entire mandibular line. The facial feminization achieved high satisfaction scores regarding the results and feminine gender appearance 12 months after surgery. The future of mandibular bone contouring techniques includes planning with virtual software and surgical support with patient-specific cutting guides.

Background The evaluation of gender-affirming facial feminization surgery (FFS) outcomes can be highly subjective, which has resulted in a limited understanding of the social perception of favorable gender and aesthetic facial appearance following FFS. Eye-tracking technology has introduced an objective measure of viewer subconscious gaze. Objectives The aim of this study was to use eye-tracking technology to measure attention and perception of surgery-naive cisgender female and feminized transgender faces, based on viewer gender identity. Methods Thirty-two participants (18 cisgender and 14 transgender) were enrolled and shown 5 photographs each of surgery-naive cisgender female and feminized transgender faces. Gaze was captured with a Tobii Pro X2-60 eye-tracking device (Tobii, Stockholm, Sweden) and participants rated the gender and aesthetic appearance of each face on Likert-type scales. Results Total image gaze fixation time did not differ by participant gender identity (6.00 v...

Nuestro grupo de investigacion viene trabajando desde hace anos en la identificacion y caracterizacion de la estructura y funcion secretora del receptor nicotinico de la celula cromafin bovina, desde el punto de vista electrofisiologico, farmacologico y funcional. Una de las inquietudes del grupo es conocer la composicion de subunidades del receptor nicotinico, asi como la estequiometria del mismo en este modelo celular que viene siendo utilizado de manera rutinaria. Como ya se ha comentado anteriormente, la celula cromafin bovina posee ARNm codificante para las subunidades alfa3, alfa5, alfa7 y beta4 (Criado et al., 1992; Garcia-Guzman et al., 1995; Campos-Caro et al., 1997; Wenger et al., 1997), aunque no se ha demostrado aun si todas estas subunidades se asocian para dar lugar a un receptor complejo alfa3beta4alfa5alfa7 o si pueden existir diferentes combinaciones de estas subunidades para formar distintas subpoblaciones de receptores en la membrana de la celula cromafin bovina, ...