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Reconstrucción morfosedimentaria y fito- geográfica del tramo medio del río Jarama (Madrid, España) durante la segunda mitad del Holoceno. Estudio preliminar. Morphosedimentary and phytogeography reconstruction of the middle section of the river Jarama (Madrid, Spain) during the second half of th...more
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ABSTRACT
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Palaeophytogeographical contributions to the Iberian vegetal landscape interpretation: state of the art and new prospects for research The palaeobotanical studies that have been accomplished in the Iberian Peninsula during the last two... more
Palaeophytogeographical contributions to the Iberian vegetal landscape interpretation: state of the art and new prospects for research The palaeobotanical studies that have been accomplished in the Iberian Peninsula during the last two decades have provided a great amount of data that can be applied in geobotanical knowledge. In most of the cases, those results have contributed to solve classical scientific debates regarding vegetal landscapes interpretations. One of the most relevant discussions is related to the aloctonous or non-aloctonous origin of much of the Iberian pine forests, on diverse Iberian habitats. The main contributions of Palaeobotany to the processes that explain the present distribution of plants are reviewed in a spatial and temporal framework, from old geological periods (Mesozoic, Tertiary) to the recent ones (Pleistocene, Holocene). Linked to the history of our vegetal landscapes, Pleistocene and Holocene epochs have been treated from two different points of ...
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... y descripciones de anatomía de la maderas (GARCÍA y GUINDEO, 1988, 1989; GREGUSS, 1955, 1959; JACQUIOT, 1955; PALACIOS, 1997; PERAZA ... Agradecimientos: Este trabajo ha sido llevado a cabo gracias a la colaboración de Chema Mancebo y... more
... y descripciones de anatomía de la maderas (GARCÍA y GUINDEO, 1988, 1989; GREGUSS, 1955, 1959; JACQUIOT, 1955; PALACIOS, 1997; PERAZA ... Agradecimientos: Este trabajo ha sido llevado a cabo gracias a la colaboración de Chema Mancebo y los agentes forestales ...
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Within the Iberian Peninsula, at the south-western boundary of its distribution area, the capercaillie is restricted to the Cantabrian and the Pyrenean Mountains. Cantabrian capercaillie Tetrao urogallus cantabricus has undergone a... more
Within the Iberian Peninsula, at the south-western boundary of its distribution area, the capercaillie is restricted to the Cantabrian and the Pyrenean Mountains. Cantabrian capercaillie Tetrao urogallus cantabricus has undergone a dramatic decline during the last three decades, as reported in the last Iberian Survey (Robles et al. 2006) and in previous issues of Grouse News (Bafiuelos et al., 2004, 2008). As a consequence, it is currently the only subspecies of capercaillie critically threatened worldwide. Although considerable efforts have been made to understand the reasons of this decline, the long-term ecology of this subspecies has received little attention, due probably to the absence of data in the palaeozoological records. Nevertheless, palaeoecological information based on their habitats can provide a useful insight that in the case of the Cantabrian Mountains offers a large body of data that covers the forest history of the last thousands of years.
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espanolTras el estudio de las comunidades de Juniperus thurifera L. en la Peninsula Iberica mediante analisis multivariante de ordenacion. (DECORANA) y de clasificacion (TWINSPAN), se propone una caracterizacion de 10s sabinares albares.... more
espanolTras el estudio de las comunidades de Juniperus thurifera L. en la Peninsula Iberica mediante analisis multivariante de ordenacion. (DECORANA) y de clasificacion (TWINSPAN), se propone una caracterizacion de 10s sabinares albares. El tratamiento tipologico propuesto por nosotros distingue cuatro modalidades de sabinares: cantabricos, de paramera, termofilos y acidofilos. EnglishCommunities of Juniperus thurifera L. in the Iberian Peninsula were studied using multivariate analysis of ordination (DECORANA) and classification (TWINSPAN). The typological treatment we propose as a result of these studies distinguishes four types of J. thurifera communities: cantabrian, paramo, thermophilic and acidophilic.
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Integration of a diverse set of data from pollen, wood, macrofossils and dendrochronological studies from the Sierra de Ayllón, a mountainous region in central Spain, enables one of the most complete palaeoecological vegetation... more
Integration of a diverse set of data from pollen, wood, macrofossils and dendrochronological studies from the Sierra de Ayllón, a mountainous region in central Spain, enables one of the most complete palaeoecological vegetation reconstructions for almost the whole Holocene on the Iberian Peninsula. Previously, the absence of pollen data for the early Holocene in the eastern part of the Sistema Central mountains had been a gap in the information needed for correctly reconstructing palaeoenvironmental change there. Our pollen study on the Valdojos site finally allows this issue to be resolved. This analysis highlights the crucial role played by pine woodlands throughout the first half of the Holocene in this region. The importance of the pine woods in the region enables us to show the clear difference in vegetation between the western and eastern parts of the Sistema Central mountains for the early to mid Holocene. Moreover, the Fagus pollen found at Valdojos, dating to ca. 7,000–6,60...
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ROIG, S., F. GÓMEZ MANZANEQUE, F. MASEDO, C. MORLA & L.J. SÁNCHEZ HERNANDO (1997). Paleobotanical study of Holocene subfossil strobili and wood at Cevico Navero (Palencia, Spain). Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 55(1): 111-123 (in Spanish). This... more
ROIG, S., F. GÓMEZ MANZANEQUE, F. MASEDO, C. MORLA & L.J. SÁNCHEZ HERNANDO (1997). Paleobotanical study of Holocene subfossil strobili and wood at Cevico Navero (Palencia, Spain). Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 55(1): 111-123 (in Spanish). This paper reports results of work at the Cevico Navero site in Palencia, Spain. Macroand microscopic study of the subfossil cones and trunks found at the site has permitted their identification to the species Pinus nigra. Radiocarbon dating of the wood indicates that this pine species was present in the region 3,500 years ago. The results are discussed in the context of other relevant literature. The dynamics of vegetation cover in the study area and the paleochorology of P. nigra are considered.
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... Late Holocene vegetation dynamics on an Atlantic Mediterranean mountain in NW Iberia C esar Morales-Molino, Mercedes Garc a Ant on, Carlos Morla PII: S0031-0182(11)00035-6 DOI: doi: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2011.01 ... E-mail address:... more
... Late Holocene vegetation dynamics on an Atlantic Mediterranean mountain in NW Iberia C esar Morales-Molino, Mercedes Garc a Ant on, Carlos Morla PII: S0031-0182(11)00035-6 DOI: doi: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2011.01 ... E-mail address: cesar.morales@upm.es (C sar Morales ...
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... a , Corresponding Author Contact Information , E-mail The Corresponding Author , F. Gómez Manzaneque a ... sylvestris-nigra from the Würm period was identified in sandy soils, along with ... in Portugal is known from palynological... more
... a , Corresponding Author Contact Information , E-mail The Corresponding Author , F. Gómez Manzaneque a ... sylvestris-nigra from the Würm period was identified in sandy soils, along with ... in Portugal is known from palynological studies on natural sediments ([Mateus, 1989] and ...
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RESUMEN Las fincas del O. A. Parques Nacionales "Lugar Nuevo" y "Selladores-Contadero" están si-tuadas en el Parque Natural de la Sierra de Andújar (Jaén). Su situación geográfica, y especial-mente su historia de usos... more
RESUMEN Las fincas del O. A. Parques Nacionales "Lugar Nuevo" y "Selladores-Contadero" están si-tuadas en el Parque Natural de la Sierra de Andújar (Jaén). Su situación geográfica, y especial-mente su historia de usos y propiedad han motivado que hoy sean ejemplo de una flora y ve-getación con buen estado de conservación. En trabajos anteriores se han realizado catálogos florísticos de las dos fincas como estudios básicos para la planificación de la gestión y la com-patibilidad de la conservación y el aprovechamiento de los recursos en los espacios naturales protegidos. En esta comunicación se realiza un análisis de los pastos herbáceos de las dos fin-cas que constituyen un recurso estratégico para la alimentación de las poblaciones de herbívo-ros instaladas en las mismas. Se analizan y cartografían las distintas formaciones de pastos re-conocidos (10), su distribución espacial, palatabilidad y grado de utilización. Palabras clave: ciervos, palatabilidad, conserv...
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The significance of Pinus sylvestris and,Pinus nigra forests in Gredos mountain,range in the Iberian botanical literature has been traditionally a matter of controversy. Considered for many botanists to be anthropogenic forests, a high... more
The significance of Pinus sylvestris and,Pinus nigra forests in Gredos mountain,range in the Iberian botanical literature has been traditionally a matter of controversy. Considered for many botanists to be anthropogenic forests, a high amount of syntaxonomic approaches, cartographies of potential vegetation and dynamic models have been created based on this guesswork. Nevertheless, this work contributes new data that contradicts
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The native or allochthonous nature of certain extant species of the Iberian Peninsula is a matter of some controversy given our lack of knowledge regarding the survival and extinction processes to which they have been subject. The aim of... more
The native or allochthonous nature of certain extant species of the Iberian Peninsula is a matter of some controversy given our lack of knowledge regarding the survival and extinction processes to which they have been subject. The aim of the present work is to provide a review of the current knowledge regarding these processes during the Quaternary. The Middle Pleistocene Transition was a period of noticeable disappearance of Arctotertiary taxa in the Iberian Peninsula, related to the alteration in glacial cyclicity and climate change, including an increase in the severity of glaciations, a reduction in the length of the interglacial periods, and increased dryness during the coldest times. It is difficult to maintain that human activities played any important part in the complete or near-complete disappearance of some taxa during the Quaternary. In the Late Pleistocene and Holocene, however, the extinction of Cedrus, Picea and Carpinus might be related to climate change, competition with other taxa, and anthropogenic disturbances. In contrast, the extreme reduction or even complete disappearance of Platanus or Syringa seems to be due to natural causes alone. The available geological, molecular and palaeobotanical data suggest that some Arctotertiary taxa persisted over long periods of time during the Quaternary in the Iberian Peninsula. Indeed, the fossil record of one important group of taxa, including Castanea, Ceratonia, Carpinus and Juglans, shows its continued presence throughout the Quaternary.
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The study of well-preserved archaeological charcoals in the pre-Roman Iron Age settlement of Castillejos II (Badajoz, Spain) is used to reconstruct environmental conditions and land-use practices in vegetation landscapes in the southwest... more
The study of well-preserved archaeological charcoals in the pre-Roman Iron Age settlement of Castillejos II (Badajoz, Spain) is used to reconstruct environmental conditions and land-use practices in vegetation landscapes in the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula before the arrival of Roman civilization. The results support that, while evergreen Quercus forests dominated during the Holocene, Pinus pinaster existed as a natural element of southwestern Iberian Peninsula vegetation. Although its presence could be linked to anthropogenic disturbance or fire history, it is suggested that P. pinaster populations survived during the Holocene in the region, mixed with oaks or in monospecific stands in mountain enclaves. This hypothesis contrasts with previous assumptions that P. pinaster was not autochthonous in the area.
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This study reports the value of leaf cuticle characteristics in the identification and classification of Iberian Mediterranean species of the genus Pinus (P. nigra subsp. salzmannii, P. pinaster, P. pinea and P. halepensis), with the aim... more
This study reports the value of leaf cuticle characteristics in the identification and classification of Iberian Mediterranean species of the genus Pinus (P. nigra subsp. salzmannii, P. pinaster, P. pinea and P. halepensis), with the aim of using these characters to identify isolated cuticles and stomata in palynology slides. Preparations were made of the cuticles of pine needles belonging to one natural Iberian population of each of the above species. A number of epidermal morphological characteristics were then recorded with the aim of distinguishing these species from one another. The structure of the stomatal complex (the shape and arrangement of the subsidiary cells) was different in each species. The aperture of the epistomatal chamber was significantly smaller in P. pinea than in the other species examined, and the variables recorded for the thickening of the guard cells provided relationships that clearly distinguished all four taxa. The width and length of the stomata and the upper woody lamellae, the central distance between the external limits of the medial lamellae borders and the length of the stem were the most useful variables in this respect. The present results contribute to the ongoing discussion regarding the taxonomic classification of the members of Pinus, and provide valuable clues for the identification of Iberian Mediterranean pine species from small pine needle fragments or isolated stomata. After validation of the present results for multiple populations, these results could also be used to help identify fossil leaf macroremains and the scattered/ isolated stomata commonly observed in palaeopalynological samples.
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This work provides a tool whereby the needle remains of native, southwestern European Pinus spp. can be easily identified from species-specific epidermal features. To construct this tool, the needles of P. uncinata, P. sylvestris, P.... more
This work provides a tool whereby the needle remains of native, southwestern European Pinus spp. can be easily identified from species-specific epidermal features. To construct this tool, the needles of P. uncinata, P. sylvestris, P. nigra, P. pinaster, P. pinea and P. halepensis were gathered across the Northern Hemisphere range of each taxon and compared with non-indigenous trees growing in two South Australian Botanic Gardens. Three needles from each of these species were taken from three adult trees growing at three different localities. Light microscopy was used to observe the key epidermal and stomatal features of the needles. To improve interpretation, additional scanning electron microscopy samples were prepared. Epidermal features, including variation in the diameter of the epistomatal chamber aperture (pore), are described. A taxonomic key based on the size, shape and arrangement of the subsidiary cells of the stomatal complexes was constructed. This key enables the identification of pine needle fragments at the species level (except those belonging to the group P. gr. nigra-uncinata). Despite their overlapping range, pore size was helpful in distinguishing between P. nigra and P. uncinata and between three groups of species. Isolated stomata were also observed. Cluster and discriminant analyses of stomatal variables described in earlier studies were performed. Overlap in guard cell variables hampers species-level identification of isolated stomata. Species discrimination is improved if groups of ecological affinity are considered.