The victimization of offenders who use psychoactive substances is an increasingly present phenome... more The victimization of offenders who use psychoactive substances is an increasingly present phenomenon in today’s societies. As such, there is a great need for studies at both the preventive and intervention levels. The aim of this systematic review is to gather existing information in the area of victimization of offenders, namely of psychoactive substance users. Studies published in all languages were searched on three databases: PubMed, Web of Science, and EBSCO. This search yielded a total of 342 articles, of which ten were included, after a reading and selection process. In addition, one more study was included through a manual search. Overall, it was found that victimization is significantly associated with substance abuse. Specifically, the greater and more frequently the consumption occurs, the greater the probability of individuals being victims, whether or not in a violent manner.
Beliefs that are too rigid and misadjusted may legitimize interpersonal relationships marked by v... more Beliefs that are too rigid and misadjusted may legitimize interpersonal relationships marked by verbal, physical, or sexual violence. A systematic literature review was performed to identify the existence of maladaptive beliefs (MBs) in interpersonal relationships of young adults and their association with problematic behaviors. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, studies were obtained through a search in multiple databases: EBSCOhost, PubMed, and Web of Science. Of the 1,280 articles retrieved, 42 were retained for further analysis and 15 were considered eligible for inclusion. In addition, seven studies were added through manual search, leading to a final sample of 15 articles, published between 1964 and 2021. Only empirical studies with quantitative methodologies were included. Objectives, sample (age in years), sample type, country of origin of studies, instruments, control group, and results and main conclusions ...
Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated enteropathy involving genetic and environmental factors... more Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated enteropathy involving genetic and environmental factors whose interaction might influence disease risk. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of milk-feeding practices and the HLA-DQ genotype on intestinal colonization of Bacteroides species in infants at risk of CD development. This study included 75 full-term newborns with at least one first-degree relative suffering from CD. Infants were classified according to milk-feeding practice (breast-feeding or formula feeding) and HLA-DQ genotype (high or low genetic risk). Stools were analyzed at 7 days, 1 month, and 4 months by PCR and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). The Bacteroides species diversity index was higher in formula-fed infants than in breast-fed infants. Breast-fed infants showed a higher prevalence of Bacteroides uniformis at 1 and 4 months of age, while formula-fed infants had a higher prevalence of B. intestinalis at all sampling times, of B. caccae a...
. Delay discounting (DD) is the process of devaluing results that happen in the future. With this... more . Delay discounting (DD) is the process of devaluing results that happen in the future. With this review, we intend to identify specificities in the processes of DD in impulsive behavior. Studies were retrieved from multiple literature databases, through rigorous criteria (we included systematic reviews and empirical studies with adult human subjects), following the procedures of the Cochrane Collaboration initiative. Of the 174 documents obtained, 19 were considered eligible for inclusion and were retained for in-depth analysis. In addition, 13 studies from the manual search were included. Thus, a total of 32 studies were selected for review. The objectives/hypotheses, results, and the main conclusion(s) were extracted from each study. Results show that people with pronounced traits of impulsivity discount rewards more markedly, that is, they prefer immediate rewards, though of less value, or postponed losses, even though they worsen in the future. Taken together, the existing data suggest the importance of inserting DD as a tool for initial assessment in conjunction with measures of addiction and stress level, as well as the consideration of new therapies.
The victimization of offenders who use psychoactive substances is an increasingly present phenome... more The victimization of offenders who use psychoactive substances is an increasingly present phenomenon in today’s societies. As such, there is a great need for studies at both the preventive and intervention levels. The aim of this systematic review is to gather existing information in the area of victimization of offenders, namely of psychoactive substance users. Studies published in all languages were searched on three databases: PubMed, Web of Science, and EBSCO. This search yielded a total of 342 articles, of which ten were included, after a reading and selection process. In addition, one more study was included through a manual search. Overall, it was found that victimization is significantly associated with substance abuse. Specifically, the greater and more frequently the consumption occurs, the greater the probability of individuals being victims, whether or not in a violent manner.
Beliefs that are too rigid and misadjusted may legitimize interpersonal relationships marked by v... more Beliefs that are too rigid and misadjusted may legitimize interpersonal relationships marked by verbal, physical, or sexual violence. A systematic literature review was performed to identify the existence of maladaptive beliefs (MBs) in interpersonal relationships of young adults and their association with problematic behaviors. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, studies were obtained through a search in multiple databases: EBSCOhost, PubMed, and Web of Science. Of the 1,280 articles retrieved, 42 were retained for further analysis and 15 were considered eligible for inclusion. In addition, seven studies were added through manual search, leading to a final sample of 15 articles, published between 1964 and 2021. Only empirical studies with quantitative methodologies were included. Objectives, sample (age in years), sample type, country of origin of studies, instruments, control group, and results and main conclusions ...
Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated enteropathy involving genetic and environmental factors... more Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated enteropathy involving genetic and environmental factors whose interaction might influence disease risk. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of milk-feeding practices and the HLA-DQ genotype on intestinal colonization of Bacteroides species in infants at risk of CD development. This study included 75 full-term newborns with at least one first-degree relative suffering from CD. Infants were classified according to milk-feeding practice (breast-feeding or formula feeding) and HLA-DQ genotype (high or low genetic risk). Stools were analyzed at 7 days, 1 month, and 4 months by PCR and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). The Bacteroides species diversity index was higher in formula-fed infants than in breast-fed infants. Breast-fed infants showed a higher prevalence of Bacteroides uniformis at 1 and 4 months of age, while formula-fed infants had a higher prevalence of B. intestinalis at all sampling times, of B. caccae a...
. Delay discounting (DD) is the process of devaluing results that happen in the future. With this... more . Delay discounting (DD) is the process of devaluing results that happen in the future. With this review, we intend to identify specificities in the processes of DD in impulsive behavior. Studies were retrieved from multiple literature databases, through rigorous criteria (we included systematic reviews and empirical studies with adult human subjects), following the procedures of the Cochrane Collaboration initiative. Of the 174 documents obtained, 19 were considered eligible for inclusion and were retained for in-depth analysis. In addition, 13 studies from the manual search were included. Thus, a total of 32 studies were selected for review. The objectives/hypotheses, results, and the main conclusion(s) were extracted from each study. Results show that people with pronounced traits of impulsivity discount rewards more markedly, that is, they prefer immediate rewards, though of less value, or postponed losses, even though they worsen in the future. Taken together, the existing data suggest the importance of inserting DD as a tool for initial assessment in conjunction with measures of addiction and stress level, as well as the consideration of new therapies.
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