A well-managed company is a company that maximizes the value of its company, which is aimed at ac... more A well-managed company is a company that maximizes the value of its company, which is aimed at achieving maximum profits for shareholders. This research aims to determine and analyze the influence of company size, profitability, and financial leverage on the value of companies listed on the South Korean Stock Exchange KOSPI 2018-2022. The population consists of 8 South Korean K-Pop entertainment companies registered on KOSPI 2018-2022. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling with a total sample of 8 companies and a 5-year observation period. So that 40 data were processed. The analysis technique is multiple linear regression. The results obtained show that partially company size has no significant effect on company value, profitability has a significant positive effect on company value, and financial leverage has a significant negative effect on company value. Meanwhile, simultaneously company size, profitability, and financial leverage influence company value.
This study aims to investigate whether Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities reduce su... more This study aims to investigate whether Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities reduce supply chain disruptions by examining the impact of the Suez Canal obstruction on the Ever Given container ship in March 2021. This study conclude that the more responsible companies have higher returns and are less affected by this event than the less responsible companies; the less responsible companies have lower returns. The companies with better CSR have a lower impact on their supply chains when faced with disruptions in the supply chain.
Semau Island has enormous potential to become a tourist destination in East Nusa Tenggara. Touris... more Semau Island has enormous potential to become a tourist destination in East Nusa Tenggara. Tourism potential is a variety of resources found in a particular area that can be developed into a tourist attraction. The potential of this island is in the form of natural potential, animal husbandry, maritime culture, and agriculture. This research aims to analyze and classify the level of potential of tourist attractions on Semau Island in improving the regional economy at tourist attractions on Semau Island. The data used is the result of direct interviews with respondents, namely village heads, tourist attraction managers, and local communities. The analytical method used is descriptive qualitative with the SWOT analysis method. The research results concluded that the tourist attraction on Semau Island has the potential to be developed as a superior tourist attraction in Kupang Regency. Strategies or steps that can be taken by managers or local governments to increase tourism development in the form of standard tourism facilities, improving the quality of human resources, and improving infrastructure.
The structure of the economy seems to have been reshaped for the post-1980 period with the decisi... more The structure of the economy seems to have been reshaped for the post-1980 period with the decisions of January 24, 1980 and the structural changes that followed. In the 1980s, which can be called the transition process to a Free-Market Economy and an open economy, on the one hand, the privatization of state institutions and the determination of the prices of goods and services in free market conditions were tried to be ensured in order to withdraw the state from economic life, on the other hand, it was tried to grant freedom to foreign trade and capital movements. While these two main issues were being realized, the import substitution industrialization strategy was abandoned and the export-led growth model was started to be implemented. The last step of this process of opening up and liberalization was realized with the decision numbered 32 in 1989. While the change in the economic structure was achieved through domestic borrowing in the 1980s, with the liberalization of capital movements in the 1990s, it was seen that economic growth and development were tried to be achieved with hot money inflows rather than foreign direct investments. This orientation made the economy more open to crises, and for the first time there was a crisis in the form of the 1994 economic crisis, which was understood to be caused by hot money. The 1994 economic crisis could only be overcome by giving government guarantees to bank deposits and issuing high-interest Treasury Bills. Even the new banking regulations could not prevent the emergence of similar new economic crises in the following years. Because, we can say that the economic crisis experienced in the 2000s brought about a political transformation along with creating great economic problems.
The International Labour Organization seems to only see the aspect of social security promoting e... more The International Labour Organization seems to only see the aspect of social security promoting economic growth, while neglecting the aspect of economic growth supporting social security. From the standpoint of materialism and the practice of social security, the realization of social security rights for migrant workers fundamentally depends on economic growth. The Belt and Road Initiative has provided a Chinese solution for creating a strong material and technological foundation to meet the social security needs of all people, including migrant workers.
In the early 20th century, the role of Greek women in the working environment was considered comp... more In the early 20th century, the role of Greek women in the working environment was considered complementary, and the type of work they would do should fit their Review of Women’s Employment in Greece in the 20th and Early 21st Centuries gender stereotypes. Therefore, they were low-paid workers and employees, and they were the first to be laid off. Despite the fact that the number of Greek women participating in the labor market has increased, many of them were obliged to work due to the high rate of men’s unemployment since there was no other way to sustain the living level of the household (Alpha Bank, 2018). Greek women’s participation in the labor market was accompanied by an increase in flexible types of employment along with the pay gap between men and women, which remained persistent due to the existence of discrimination.
This paper seeks to highlight the macroeconomic asymmetries and social impacts among eurozone cou... more This paper seeks to highlight the macroeconomic asymmetries and social impacts among eurozone countries which occurred during the time of the financial crisis, emphasising the urgent need to revise the framework of economic governance. The analysis focuses on the growing macroeconomic and social imbalances on a representative sample of selected eurozone member-states (Euro (€) North and Euro (€) South) which had posed a threat to economic sustainability and social coherence.
Since the United Nations Sustainable development goals and the 2030 agenda were initiated in 2015... more Since the United Nations Sustainable development goals and the 2030 agenda were initiated in 2015, it has provided governments with a comprehensive blueprint to take action and meet the challenges of the world’s most pressing issues today. But the private sector also plays a large role in contributing to the problems highlighted in the SDGs and companies ranging from many different industries have increasingly become more involved in developing new and innovative solutions to solve the issues highlighted in the SDGs. Social and environmental accountability has been one of the areas that the private sector has been focusing its attention on. Companies in the corporate sector across all industries have adopted Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) regulations and targets, that aim to ensure ethical responsibility within private companies and promote transparency about their role in promoting social and environmental well-being across the world. This has allowed many companies to align their values and business models to emphasize the importance of the SDGs. Furthermore, innovative technologies are being utilized to ensure that public reports about the company’s practices are fully accountable and transparent to the public community and the overall private sector. For example, some private companies are using Natural Language Processing and Artificial Intelligence to analyze sustainable practices highlighted in the company’s ESG reports and see if they are genuine and free of greenwashing. This shows that technologies are playing a key role in promoting corporate accountability in terms of sustainability and encouraging private companies to adhere to the guidelines highlighted within the SDGs. Furthermore, private companies have adapted their business models to better promote innovations and collaboration with governments, other private companies as well as NGOs. Since the SDGs were designed to be interconnected and not siloed into their own different challenges, many companies who adopt the SDGs as a major sustainability framework will often develop partnerships and connections with other private sector groups so that they could develop new innovative solutions to meet the challenges posed by current global issues. This is especially prevalent in the clean energy sector, which aims to solve SDG 7 and SDG 13 both important in eradicating the issue of climate change. For example, the solar energy private sector has been currently collaborating with a wide range of universities and research institutions in order to develop solar panels that are more energy efficient and affordable for everyday consumers, while still allowing the private companies to generate significant returns in revenue. When private sector Industries adopt the measures highlighted in the SDGs, not only does it allow them to work with other industries to contribute to combating the world’s most pressing issues, but also maintains and improves their sources of revenue and profit. Overall, in order to meet the world’s most pressing challenges and issues, the private sector has increasingly adopted the SDGs in their business models, so that they would be able to better collaborate with others to develop innovative solutions and to bridge commitment to sustainable development throughout different industries.
The war in Ukraine is unfortunately not over, to add insult to injury, Silicon Valley Bank collap... more The war in Ukraine is unfortunately not over, to add insult to injury, Silicon Valley Bank collapses and Credit Suisse acquired by UBS under the Swiss emergency legislation. The merger of Credit Suisse with UBS, Switzerland’s biggest bank, has also raised concerns about the proliferation of more institutions deemed “too big to fail”. Through the study of four financial crises in the past 100 years, this paper believes that behind this potential financial crisis is still the real estate bubble, but the significant problems in the United States are the most worrying. Post-financial crisis recessions are costlier and last longer than normal recessions. When credit booms are superimposed with asset price bubbles, financial crises are highly likely and economic recovery will be slower. In this paper, relative data and regression model are used to analyze the causes of the crisis; further this paper discusses the reasons behind the financial crisis and related conjectures and gives relevant development speculations.
We introduce a model of a market where risk-averse consumers pay a fee to transfer their future l... more We introduce a model of a market where risk-averse consumers pay a fee to transfer their future losses to one or more firms. The future loss of each consumer is stochastic with a unique, known mean and variance. The law of large numbers allows the firms to know with certainty the expected aggregate loss of the consumers to whom they sell. The model could describe the behavior of agents in the market for property insurance where an insurance company sells a single type of policy to a specific group of consumers based upon the expected losses of those consumers and their willingness to pay for coverage. The model demonstrates how a single firm can choose the optimal segment of the market to which they sell a policy and how that choice might change when the distribution of consumers and their risk aversion changes. The model also demonstrates how two firms might engage in a cooperative strategy and share the market. The model shows how a firm entering the market will find it more advantageous to target a segment of the market with consumers that have a lower expected loss.
In the view of the international organization of standardization, the introduction of ISO standar... more In the view of the international organization of standardization, the introduction of ISO standards is typical of quality management systems oriented towards strengthening the efficiency of enterprises. Business banks are not excluded from this requirement. The current study aims to evaluate the effect of ISO certification on the technical performance of WAEMU banks. Using BCEAO data (2020), the DEA model and Tobit estimates show that ISO certification has no effect on the efficiency scores of the banks in the sample. It is therefore appropriate for these banks to work on improving their business climate.
The article shows that the situation of agricultural cooperatives in the world in general and agr... more The article shows that the situation of agricultural cooperatives in the world in general and agricultural cooperatives in Vietnam in particular are facing certain challenges in the context of globalization in the 21st century. The article points out limitations on: the nature, principles of democratic member control and principles of surplus distribution of the International Cooperative Alliance, as well as Vietnamese law in cooperative management.
Global warming has increased people's awareness of environmental protection and social responsibi... more Global warming has increased people's awareness of environmental protection and social responsibility, which is also reflected in the way they invest, with environmental, social and corporate governance aspects starting to receive more attention. The purpose of this study is to investigate how environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance, as measured by ESG risk assessment, affects corporate value. The population of this study consists of his 90 companies registered in his IDXESGL using a sampling method based on purposive sampling, and the total sample includes his 60 companies. The data analysis method used is a simple linear regression test. The findings of this study show that ESG risk assessment influences corporate value.
Venture capital investments are characterized by high input, high yield, and high risk. Due to th... more Venture capital investments are characterized by high input, high yield, and high risk. Due to the complexity of the market environment, stage-by-stage investment is becoming increasingly important. Traditional evaluation methods like comparison, proportion, maturity, internal rate of return, scenario analysis, decision trees, and net present value cannot fully consider the uncertainty and stage characteristics of the project. The fuzzy real options method addresses this by combining real option theory, fuzzy number theory, and composite option theory to provide a more accurate and objective evaluation of Public-Private Partnership (PPP) projects. It effectively considers the interaction of options and the ambiguity of project parameters, making it a valuable tool for project evaluation in the context of venture capital investment.
The Metaverse, a three-dimensional (3D) virtual world network that includes social and economic i... more The Metaverse, a three-dimensional (3D) virtual world network that includes social and economic interactions through virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) devices, has been recognized as a transformative concept in a variety of fields, including education. As technology advances at a rapid pace, the potential of the Metaverse to revolutionize teaching and learning has become increasingly prominent. Particularly in English education, the Metaverse offers promising solutions to address the challenges of oral English education during the COVID-19 era. This paper explores the potential of the Metaverse in enhancing oral English education and highlights its future possibilities. Drawing from the realms of AR and VR, this paper also examines teaching approaches and strategies that integrate the Metaverse into oral English instruction. By leveraging the immersive and interactive nature of the Metaverse, educators or students can create engaging learning experiences that foster oral English communication skills.
Economic cycles are not economic evils but rather healing agents for returning to equilibrium, ju... more Economic cycles are not economic evils but rather healing agents for returning to equilibrium, just as inflation and deflation are not economic misfortunes but the sign of bad governance and a bitter medicine for returning to calm monetary. Unfortunately, signs of poor governance are mistaken for unfortunate events, but are instead tools offered to restore economic systems. Politics seeks consensus and does not accept the bitter cure of recession. Monetary policy is therefore called into question even if monetary anomalies also depend on errors in the management of the economy; the result is the gradual increase in interest rates. Is the idea that we can achieve the goal of complete neutrality with nature acceptable in a global economic framework pervaded by inflation and denunciation? Can we similarly argue that economic problems can coexist once the goal of neutrality has been achieved? The answer is negative. We must correct these anomalies and dysfunctions of the economy, which cannot coexist in the new context of complete and indefinite equilibrium of tomorrow. And not even the idea that conflicts can be resolved with war seems to find a place in the renewed scenario of neutrality. In this regard we can remember that, when we have reached the economic optimum of complete neutrality, or at least we are close to it, the most socially and economically advanced territories and continents will benefit from an acceleration of productivity and development. Scarcity itself will give way to the new, long-awaited reality. A condition that approaches the state of abundance and which will produce surpluses to be allocated to countries and territories that are struggling towards the condition of neutrality. The acceleration of lagging continents and the recovery of altered economic systems are therefore preconditions that can allow us to access the state of global neutrality. As we get closer to the great objective, it is to be believed that the pretense of regulating conflicts through war will also disappear. With the new reality of abundance, the economic reason for war disappears, while the aspiration of peoples-inscribed in their DNA-for solidarity and peaceful aggregation towards substantial unity becomes clear.
In a multicultural society, tolerance is a determining factor in human and professional relations... more In a multicultural society, tolerance is a determining factor in human and professional relationships. The culturally pluralistic and at the same time plurilingual corporate environment, characterized by a conglomeration of activities and many employees, cannot be without the advantages of tolerance, especially since corporations often have departments located in different geographical areas-countries or even continents, which makes it necessary to reconsider communication and work practices, as well as to improve the organizational culture and internal regulations. Throughout this equation, tolerance intervenes not only as a universally valid human value that conditions human identity and behavior, but also in a paradigmatic form, ensuring collaboration between individuals and between professional groups. This paradigm of a type of assertive tolerance, created analogously according to the model of interculturality and impregnating human relations and professional actions is considered in relation to the Covid pandemic 19. The Covid health crisis has resized the entire way of corporate professional functioning at European and global level, with major inferences in the virtual work environment and has readapted the individual and group optics of multinationals not only from a professional point of view, but especially through the prism of a reconsideration of a humanistic approach at work. Beyond individual tolerance, the form of acceptance of extensive inter-human intervention is unpunished, and for this we propose in this article a perspective of tolerance following also Locke's paradigm (1689), which established the form of tolerance towards groups and inter-group, of real use in today's corporate environment.
This paper realizes the hazards of chromium contamination and pollution caused in the use of chro... more This paper realizes the hazards of chromium contamination and pollution caused in the use of chrome composite leather-clad (CCLC) rollers commonly used in cotton roller ginning industries and attempts to eliminate the chromium contamination and pollution during this environmental impact assessment (EIA) process. The cotton roller ginning process is the mechanical separation of cotton fibres from their seeds by means of one or more rollers to which fibres adhere while the seeds are impeded and struck off or pulled loose. Most of the cotton ginning operations are done using roller gins. The CCLC roller coverings contain about 18,000 to 30,000 mg/kg (ppm) as total chromium of trivalent and hexavalent forms which are toxic to human health. When the seed-cotton is ginned, due to the persistent rubbing of CCLC rollers over the fixed knives, the cotton and its products get contaminated with the total chromium of trivalent and hexavalent forms. Gin mill workers are exposed to the cotton dust and chromium pollution and are susceptible to health hazards such as premature death, cancer, byssinosis, and ulcers in cotton ginning air environment since toxic effects are produced by prolonged contact with airborne or solid or liquid chromium compounds even in small quantities. Noise pollution of agricultural ginning machinery in seed-cotton ginning mills has been found out to be 102-103 dB(A) decibel levels. To offset this problem, pollution-free rubberized cotton fabric (RCF) eco-friendly rollers for both the laboratory and commercial studies have been designed, fabricated and used in experiments in rollers gins. This nullifies chromium contamination and pollution during the complete process. Cotton technological parameters are well proven for commercial acceptance.
This paper templet is copyright by Global Conference on Business and Social Science organized by ... more This paper templet is copyright by Global Conference on Business and Social Science organized by Global Academy of Training & Research (GATR) Enterprise. Intellectual capital and knowledge are the most important assets of most organizations to ensure that determined or intended strategies can be implemented. The resource-based view of the firm considers the firm as a bundle of tangible resources, intangible resources, and organisational capabilities. An effective IC refers to the critical issues of organisational adaptation, survival and competence in the face of discontinuous environmental change. KM is essential for retaining employees' knowledge within a firm by using appropriate technology and tools to capture and store the knowledge residing in the minds of its employees, so it can be easily shared and reused. There is a growing realisation of the importance of the development and understanding of theory for both Intellectual Capital and Knowledge Management in relation to guide the successful development of Knowledge Management Organisations. This study is fundamental because it will provide the whole picture about the different levels of knowledge; individual, group and organizational, which express internal knowledge (formal and informal knowledge) and external knowledge such as customers and suppliers. The aim of this study is addressed some of the gaps in Intellectual Capital literature. It is necessary to investigate the interactions between IC components in Knowledge management organizations, which include human capital (HC), Organizational capital (OC), and Relational capital (RC). This is important in order to discover the extent to which these factors work together to achieve a network's knowledge management in organization.
A well-managed company is a company that maximizes the value of its company, which is aimed at ac... more A well-managed company is a company that maximizes the value of its company, which is aimed at achieving maximum profits for shareholders. This research aims to determine and analyze the influence of company size, profitability, and financial leverage on the value of companies listed on the South Korean Stock Exchange KOSPI 2018-2022. The population consists of 8 South Korean K-Pop entertainment companies registered on KOSPI 2018-2022. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling with a total sample of 8 companies and a 5-year observation period. So that 40 data were processed. The analysis technique is multiple linear regression. The results obtained show that partially company size has no significant effect on company value, profitability has a significant positive effect on company value, and financial leverage has a significant negative effect on company value. Meanwhile, simultaneously company size, profitability, and financial leverage influence company value.
This study aims to investigate whether Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities reduce su... more This study aims to investigate whether Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities reduce supply chain disruptions by examining the impact of the Suez Canal obstruction on the Ever Given container ship in March 2021. This study conclude that the more responsible companies have higher returns and are less affected by this event than the less responsible companies; the less responsible companies have lower returns. The companies with better CSR have a lower impact on their supply chains when faced with disruptions in the supply chain.
Semau Island has enormous potential to become a tourist destination in East Nusa Tenggara. Touris... more Semau Island has enormous potential to become a tourist destination in East Nusa Tenggara. Tourism potential is a variety of resources found in a particular area that can be developed into a tourist attraction. The potential of this island is in the form of natural potential, animal husbandry, maritime culture, and agriculture. This research aims to analyze and classify the level of potential of tourist attractions on Semau Island in improving the regional economy at tourist attractions on Semau Island. The data used is the result of direct interviews with respondents, namely village heads, tourist attraction managers, and local communities. The analytical method used is descriptive qualitative with the SWOT analysis method. The research results concluded that the tourist attraction on Semau Island has the potential to be developed as a superior tourist attraction in Kupang Regency. Strategies or steps that can be taken by managers or local governments to increase tourism development in the form of standard tourism facilities, improving the quality of human resources, and improving infrastructure.
The structure of the economy seems to have been reshaped for the post-1980 period with the decisi... more The structure of the economy seems to have been reshaped for the post-1980 period with the decisions of January 24, 1980 and the structural changes that followed. In the 1980s, which can be called the transition process to a Free-Market Economy and an open economy, on the one hand, the privatization of state institutions and the determination of the prices of goods and services in free market conditions were tried to be ensured in order to withdraw the state from economic life, on the other hand, it was tried to grant freedom to foreign trade and capital movements. While these two main issues were being realized, the import substitution industrialization strategy was abandoned and the export-led growth model was started to be implemented. The last step of this process of opening up and liberalization was realized with the decision numbered 32 in 1989. While the change in the economic structure was achieved through domestic borrowing in the 1980s, with the liberalization of capital movements in the 1990s, it was seen that economic growth and development were tried to be achieved with hot money inflows rather than foreign direct investments. This orientation made the economy more open to crises, and for the first time there was a crisis in the form of the 1994 economic crisis, which was understood to be caused by hot money. The 1994 economic crisis could only be overcome by giving government guarantees to bank deposits and issuing high-interest Treasury Bills. Even the new banking regulations could not prevent the emergence of similar new economic crises in the following years. Because, we can say that the economic crisis experienced in the 2000s brought about a political transformation along with creating great economic problems.
The International Labour Organization seems to only see the aspect of social security promoting e... more The International Labour Organization seems to only see the aspect of social security promoting economic growth, while neglecting the aspect of economic growth supporting social security. From the standpoint of materialism and the practice of social security, the realization of social security rights for migrant workers fundamentally depends on economic growth. The Belt and Road Initiative has provided a Chinese solution for creating a strong material and technological foundation to meet the social security needs of all people, including migrant workers.
In the early 20th century, the role of Greek women in the working environment was considered comp... more In the early 20th century, the role of Greek women in the working environment was considered complementary, and the type of work they would do should fit their Review of Women’s Employment in Greece in the 20th and Early 21st Centuries gender stereotypes. Therefore, they were low-paid workers and employees, and they were the first to be laid off. Despite the fact that the number of Greek women participating in the labor market has increased, many of them were obliged to work due to the high rate of men’s unemployment since there was no other way to sustain the living level of the household (Alpha Bank, 2018). Greek women’s participation in the labor market was accompanied by an increase in flexible types of employment along with the pay gap between men and women, which remained persistent due to the existence of discrimination.
This paper seeks to highlight the macroeconomic asymmetries and social impacts among eurozone cou... more This paper seeks to highlight the macroeconomic asymmetries and social impacts among eurozone countries which occurred during the time of the financial crisis, emphasising the urgent need to revise the framework of economic governance. The analysis focuses on the growing macroeconomic and social imbalances on a representative sample of selected eurozone member-states (Euro (€) North and Euro (€) South) which had posed a threat to economic sustainability and social coherence.
Since the United Nations Sustainable development goals and the 2030 agenda were initiated in 2015... more Since the United Nations Sustainable development goals and the 2030 agenda were initiated in 2015, it has provided governments with a comprehensive blueprint to take action and meet the challenges of the world’s most pressing issues today. But the private sector also plays a large role in contributing to the problems highlighted in the SDGs and companies ranging from many different industries have increasingly become more involved in developing new and innovative solutions to solve the issues highlighted in the SDGs. Social and environmental accountability has been one of the areas that the private sector has been focusing its attention on. Companies in the corporate sector across all industries have adopted Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) regulations and targets, that aim to ensure ethical responsibility within private companies and promote transparency about their role in promoting social and environmental well-being across the world. This has allowed many companies to align their values and business models to emphasize the importance of the SDGs. Furthermore, innovative technologies are being utilized to ensure that public reports about the company’s practices are fully accountable and transparent to the public community and the overall private sector. For example, some private companies are using Natural Language Processing and Artificial Intelligence to analyze sustainable practices highlighted in the company’s ESG reports and see if they are genuine and free of greenwashing. This shows that technologies are playing a key role in promoting corporate accountability in terms of sustainability and encouraging private companies to adhere to the guidelines highlighted within the SDGs. Furthermore, private companies have adapted their business models to better promote innovations and collaboration with governments, other private companies as well as NGOs. Since the SDGs were designed to be interconnected and not siloed into their own different challenges, many companies who adopt the SDGs as a major sustainability framework will often develop partnerships and connections with other private sector groups so that they could develop new innovative solutions to meet the challenges posed by current global issues. This is especially prevalent in the clean energy sector, which aims to solve SDG 7 and SDG 13 both important in eradicating the issue of climate change. For example, the solar energy private sector has been currently collaborating with a wide range of universities and research institutions in order to develop solar panels that are more energy efficient and affordable for everyday consumers, while still allowing the private companies to generate significant returns in revenue. When private sector Industries adopt the measures highlighted in the SDGs, not only does it allow them to work with other industries to contribute to combating the world’s most pressing issues, but also maintains and improves their sources of revenue and profit. Overall, in order to meet the world’s most pressing challenges and issues, the private sector has increasingly adopted the SDGs in their business models, so that they would be able to better collaborate with others to develop innovative solutions and to bridge commitment to sustainable development throughout different industries.
The war in Ukraine is unfortunately not over, to add insult to injury, Silicon Valley Bank collap... more The war in Ukraine is unfortunately not over, to add insult to injury, Silicon Valley Bank collapses and Credit Suisse acquired by UBS under the Swiss emergency legislation. The merger of Credit Suisse with UBS, Switzerland’s biggest bank, has also raised concerns about the proliferation of more institutions deemed “too big to fail”. Through the study of four financial crises in the past 100 years, this paper believes that behind this potential financial crisis is still the real estate bubble, but the significant problems in the United States are the most worrying. Post-financial crisis recessions are costlier and last longer than normal recessions. When credit booms are superimposed with asset price bubbles, financial crises are highly likely and economic recovery will be slower. In this paper, relative data and regression model are used to analyze the causes of the crisis; further this paper discusses the reasons behind the financial crisis and related conjectures and gives relevant development speculations.
We introduce a model of a market where risk-averse consumers pay a fee to transfer their future l... more We introduce a model of a market where risk-averse consumers pay a fee to transfer their future losses to one or more firms. The future loss of each consumer is stochastic with a unique, known mean and variance. The law of large numbers allows the firms to know with certainty the expected aggregate loss of the consumers to whom they sell. The model could describe the behavior of agents in the market for property insurance where an insurance company sells a single type of policy to a specific group of consumers based upon the expected losses of those consumers and their willingness to pay for coverage. The model demonstrates how a single firm can choose the optimal segment of the market to which they sell a policy and how that choice might change when the distribution of consumers and their risk aversion changes. The model also demonstrates how two firms might engage in a cooperative strategy and share the market. The model shows how a firm entering the market will find it more advantageous to target a segment of the market with consumers that have a lower expected loss.
In the view of the international organization of standardization, the introduction of ISO standar... more In the view of the international organization of standardization, the introduction of ISO standards is typical of quality management systems oriented towards strengthening the efficiency of enterprises. Business banks are not excluded from this requirement. The current study aims to evaluate the effect of ISO certification on the technical performance of WAEMU banks. Using BCEAO data (2020), the DEA model and Tobit estimates show that ISO certification has no effect on the efficiency scores of the banks in the sample. It is therefore appropriate for these banks to work on improving their business climate.
The article shows that the situation of agricultural cooperatives in the world in general and agr... more The article shows that the situation of agricultural cooperatives in the world in general and agricultural cooperatives in Vietnam in particular are facing certain challenges in the context of globalization in the 21st century. The article points out limitations on: the nature, principles of democratic member control and principles of surplus distribution of the International Cooperative Alliance, as well as Vietnamese law in cooperative management.
Global warming has increased people's awareness of environmental protection and social responsibi... more Global warming has increased people's awareness of environmental protection and social responsibility, which is also reflected in the way they invest, with environmental, social and corporate governance aspects starting to receive more attention. The purpose of this study is to investigate how environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance, as measured by ESG risk assessment, affects corporate value. The population of this study consists of his 90 companies registered in his IDXESGL using a sampling method based on purposive sampling, and the total sample includes his 60 companies. The data analysis method used is a simple linear regression test. The findings of this study show that ESG risk assessment influences corporate value.
Venture capital investments are characterized by high input, high yield, and high risk. Due to th... more Venture capital investments are characterized by high input, high yield, and high risk. Due to the complexity of the market environment, stage-by-stage investment is becoming increasingly important. Traditional evaluation methods like comparison, proportion, maturity, internal rate of return, scenario analysis, decision trees, and net present value cannot fully consider the uncertainty and stage characteristics of the project. The fuzzy real options method addresses this by combining real option theory, fuzzy number theory, and composite option theory to provide a more accurate and objective evaluation of Public-Private Partnership (PPP) projects. It effectively considers the interaction of options and the ambiguity of project parameters, making it a valuable tool for project evaluation in the context of venture capital investment.
The Metaverse, a three-dimensional (3D) virtual world network that includes social and economic i... more The Metaverse, a three-dimensional (3D) virtual world network that includes social and economic interactions through virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) devices, has been recognized as a transformative concept in a variety of fields, including education. As technology advances at a rapid pace, the potential of the Metaverse to revolutionize teaching and learning has become increasingly prominent. Particularly in English education, the Metaverse offers promising solutions to address the challenges of oral English education during the COVID-19 era. This paper explores the potential of the Metaverse in enhancing oral English education and highlights its future possibilities. Drawing from the realms of AR and VR, this paper also examines teaching approaches and strategies that integrate the Metaverse into oral English instruction. By leveraging the immersive and interactive nature of the Metaverse, educators or students can create engaging learning experiences that foster oral English communication skills.
Economic cycles are not economic evils but rather healing agents for returning to equilibrium, ju... more Economic cycles are not economic evils but rather healing agents for returning to equilibrium, just as inflation and deflation are not economic misfortunes but the sign of bad governance and a bitter medicine for returning to calm monetary. Unfortunately, signs of poor governance are mistaken for unfortunate events, but are instead tools offered to restore economic systems. Politics seeks consensus and does not accept the bitter cure of recession. Monetary policy is therefore called into question even if monetary anomalies also depend on errors in the management of the economy; the result is the gradual increase in interest rates. Is the idea that we can achieve the goal of complete neutrality with nature acceptable in a global economic framework pervaded by inflation and denunciation? Can we similarly argue that economic problems can coexist once the goal of neutrality has been achieved? The answer is negative. We must correct these anomalies and dysfunctions of the economy, which cannot coexist in the new context of complete and indefinite equilibrium of tomorrow. And not even the idea that conflicts can be resolved with war seems to find a place in the renewed scenario of neutrality. In this regard we can remember that, when we have reached the economic optimum of complete neutrality, or at least we are close to it, the most socially and economically advanced territories and continents will benefit from an acceleration of productivity and development. Scarcity itself will give way to the new, long-awaited reality. A condition that approaches the state of abundance and which will produce surpluses to be allocated to countries and territories that are struggling towards the condition of neutrality. The acceleration of lagging continents and the recovery of altered economic systems are therefore preconditions that can allow us to access the state of global neutrality. As we get closer to the great objective, it is to be believed that the pretense of regulating conflicts through war will also disappear. With the new reality of abundance, the economic reason for war disappears, while the aspiration of peoples-inscribed in their DNA-for solidarity and peaceful aggregation towards substantial unity becomes clear.
In a multicultural society, tolerance is a determining factor in human and professional relations... more In a multicultural society, tolerance is a determining factor in human and professional relationships. The culturally pluralistic and at the same time plurilingual corporate environment, characterized by a conglomeration of activities and many employees, cannot be without the advantages of tolerance, especially since corporations often have departments located in different geographical areas-countries or even continents, which makes it necessary to reconsider communication and work practices, as well as to improve the organizational culture and internal regulations. Throughout this equation, tolerance intervenes not only as a universally valid human value that conditions human identity and behavior, but also in a paradigmatic form, ensuring collaboration between individuals and between professional groups. This paradigm of a type of assertive tolerance, created analogously according to the model of interculturality and impregnating human relations and professional actions is considered in relation to the Covid pandemic 19. The Covid health crisis has resized the entire way of corporate professional functioning at European and global level, with major inferences in the virtual work environment and has readapted the individual and group optics of multinationals not only from a professional point of view, but especially through the prism of a reconsideration of a humanistic approach at work. Beyond individual tolerance, the form of acceptance of extensive inter-human intervention is unpunished, and for this we propose in this article a perspective of tolerance following also Locke's paradigm (1689), which established the form of tolerance towards groups and inter-group, of real use in today's corporate environment.
This paper realizes the hazards of chromium contamination and pollution caused in the use of chro... more This paper realizes the hazards of chromium contamination and pollution caused in the use of chrome composite leather-clad (CCLC) rollers commonly used in cotton roller ginning industries and attempts to eliminate the chromium contamination and pollution during this environmental impact assessment (EIA) process. The cotton roller ginning process is the mechanical separation of cotton fibres from their seeds by means of one or more rollers to which fibres adhere while the seeds are impeded and struck off or pulled loose. Most of the cotton ginning operations are done using roller gins. The CCLC roller coverings contain about 18,000 to 30,000 mg/kg (ppm) as total chromium of trivalent and hexavalent forms which are toxic to human health. When the seed-cotton is ginned, due to the persistent rubbing of CCLC rollers over the fixed knives, the cotton and its products get contaminated with the total chromium of trivalent and hexavalent forms. Gin mill workers are exposed to the cotton dust and chromium pollution and are susceptible to health hazards such as premature death, cancer, byssinosis, and ulcers in cotton ginning air environment since toxic effects are produced by prolonged contact with airborne or solid or liquid chromium compounds even in small quantities. Noise pollution of agricultural ginning machinery in seed-cotton ginning mills has been found out to be 102-103 dB(A) decibel levels. To offset this problem, pollution-free rubberized cotton fabric (RCF) eco-friendly rollers for both the laboratory and commercial studies have been designed, fabricated and used in experiments in rollers gins. This nullifies chromium contamination and pollution during the complete process. Cotton technological parameters are well proven for commercial acceptance.
This paper templet is copyright by Global Conference on Business and Social Science organized by ... more This paper templet is copyright by Global Conference on Business and Social Science organized by Global Academy of Training & Research (GATR) Enterprise. Intellectual capital and knowledge are the most important assets of most organizations to ensure that determined or intended strategies can be implemented. The resource-based view of the firm considers the firm as a bundle of tangible resources, intangible resources, and organisational capabilities. An effective IC refers to the critical issues of organisational adaptation, survival and competence in the face of discontinuous environmental change. KM is essential for retaining employees' knowledge within a firm by using appropriate technology and tools to capture and store the knowledge residing in the minds of its employees, so it can be easily shared and reused. There is a growing realisation of the importance of the development and understanding of theory for both Intellectual Capital and Knowledge Management in relation to guide the successful development of Knowledge Management Organisations. This study is fundamental because it will provide the whole picture about the different levels of knowledge; individual, group and organizational, which express internal knowledge (formal and informal knowledge) and external knowledge such as customers and suppliers. The aim of this study is addressed some of the gaps in Intellectual Capital literature. It is necessary to investigate the interactions between IC components in Knowledge management organizations, which include human capital (HC), Organizational capital (OC), and Relational capital (RC). This is important in order to discover the extent to which these factors work together to achieve a network's knowledge management in organization.
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