A number of research studies have found differences between male and female students’ classroom p... more A number of research studies have found differences between male and female students’ classroom participation. Some researchers link these differences to students’ gender, asserting that female students’ low participation is the result of male students’ active classroom participation. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore differences between students’ gender and their classroom participation and to investigate the ways through which students gender manifest itself in disadvantaging other students. Four students – both male and female – were interviewed using a semi-structured interview schedule; two classroom observations were conducted, having different classroom gender compositions. Apart from the students two teachers of the observed classes were also interviewed, for gaining a better understanding of the differences between male and female students’ classroom participation and the reasons that disadvantage a specific gender. Findings suggest and confirm that ...
Purpose of the study: This study aims to investigate the impact of bank-specific and macroeconomi... more Purpose of the study: This study aims to investigate the impact of bank-specific and macroeconomic factors on commercial banks profitability in Pakistan. Methodology: This study uses both internal and external factors as independent variables. Internal factors are inclusive of capital adequacy, operational efficiency, deposit ratio, liquidity, leverage, number of branches, and bank size, while external indicators are pertaining to GDP, rate of inflation, interest rate, and rate of foreign exchange. Return on assets, return on equity, and net interest margin is employed as proxies for measuring profitability. Balanced panel data of 25 commercial banks over a period ranging from 2009 to 2018 is analyzed through descriptive statistics and fixed effects regression model. Main Findings: The empirical findings revealed that among internal factors, capital adequacy ratio, deposit ratio, leverage ratio, liquidity ratio, and bank size significantly affect the return on asset, while in the ca...
There are some stereotypical roles, characteristics, and traits associated with different genders... more There are some stereotypical roles, characteristics, and traits associated with different genders. All genders are being linked with certain emotional states. In the context of the Pakistani scenario which is considered as a patriarchal society, the male gender is regarded as a dominant being and has certain traits like strength, confidence, decision making, and power connected with this gender. Conventionally, the female gender is considered to be very emotional, sensitive, lack confidence and decision making skills. The present study focuses on to find out the existing ground realities, if these gender connected traits have any kind of effect on their performance and effectiveness at workplaces. The proposed research purpose is to investigate the effect of gender on teacher's emotional intelligence at higher educational institutions of district Peshawar. The researcher selected three public universities of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa using cluster sampling technique and using stratified sampling technique SRMEI was administered proportionally to the selected university teachers (female= 59, male= 106) to assess their emotional intelligence. SRMEI comprises three subscales: emotional self-awareness, emotional self-regulation, and interpersonal relationship. Data was analyzed on SPSS version 20 software. The researcher applied a T-Test to investigate the effect of gender on the EI skills of teachers. The study discovered a fact that teachers' (female gender) mean score (M= 3.71, SD= .212) was significantly higher than that of male (M= 2.38, SD=.455) on a factor only i.e. interpersonal skills. While both gender groups display similar results on the remaining two facets of Emotional Intelligence (EI) was concerned.
Research on burnout gained popularity in the 1970s but in the last three decades' research about ... more Research on burnout gained popularity in the 1970s but in the last three decades' research about burnout gained immense popularity (Hedden, 2005, Harmesh, Laurenz, Maulana & Veen., 2018). Frudenberger (1974) defined the term (Burnout) for the first time who opined that when there are too many professional demands with limited resources and rewards, it causes a sense of chronic stress and failure. The current research study was undertaken to find out the level of burnout among secondary school English teacher and also their perception of prevention from burnout. The data from the respondents were collected through CBI inventory to measure their level of burnout and its effects on teachers at the secondary school level in district Swat. An open-ended 7 items questionnaire was used to identify the perception of the teachers about preventing them from burning out. The population for this study is comprised of government secondary schools' teachers (230) male-only from which the sample group was selected through systematic sampling techniques. The reliability coefficient was measured through the Cronbach alpha method the= .00000. All the respondents used the categories indicating a low level of burnout and the average score of all the respondents is below 40 in most of the categories of burnout. The study recommends that the school management should take preventive measures to help teachers fight burnout on a school level and larger scale (directorate level) organizations should help teachers maintain balance in their work so that they do not fall victim to burnout. The study is of immense importance for the wellbeing of the teachers and the effective teaching-learning process. To be able to generalize the findings of the study, it is recommended for future researchers to undertake it on a larger scale such as provincial or country level. Moreover, the current research has been conducted only among male secondary school teachers. It would be interesting to see the research-based results across both genders.
Sir Syed Journal of Education & Social Research (SJESR), 2019
Constitutional provisions provide a guiding framework for the action taken by the
responsible aut... more Constitutional provisions provide a guiding framework for the action taken by the responsible authorities of the state. The current study investigated the constitutional provisions of Pakistan and South Korea for the education of its citizens. The constitution of Pakistan 1973 mentioned education as a subject in Article 25(a), 37(b), and 38 (d) which states the government will eradicate illiteracy in minimum possible time, and education up to secondary level will be free and compulsory for all the citizens of the state. Similarly, the constitution of South Korea under article 31 explains the educational commitments of the state to its citizens. Both the states have designed educational policies to reach the desired targets. All these policies have three common elements (1) Sustainability, (2) Outreach, and (3) Impact. All these are based on the last element that is impact which reflects that whether the targets have been achieved or not. Therefore this study assessed the impact of the constitutional provisions of Pakistan and South Korea on the overall literacy of its masses and on the quality of education.
Research Journal of Social Sciences & Economics Review, 2020
The current study is built on the idea that teachers' classroom practices are influenced by their... more The current study is built on the idea that teachers' classroom practices are influenced by their belief system. The research investigated the beliefs of teachers about the position of reading stratagems, and their classroom implementation among 141 secondary school English teachers and found the association between their beliefs about the position of reading comprehension stratagems and their classroom application. It is a descriptive study, data were collected through a questionnaire. Means and Pearson correlation were calculated for finding out the relationship between the variables. The study found that reading stratagems in reading comprehension and their practices in classrooms are positively correlated. The study recommends understanding the conceptions of English language teachers in schools for the effective teaching of English in general and reading stratagems in particular.
Sir Syed Journal of Education & Social Research (SJESR), 2018
Accreditation Councils are all about quality assurance in the academic programs. All the mechanis... more Accreditation Councils are all about quality assurance in the academic programs. All the mechanisms of accreditation concentrates on the quality for which Quran uses and stress words ihsan and itqan (good and quality). National Accreditation Council for Teacher Education (NACTE) like other academic accreditation councils is also working to ensure quality in teacher education. The accreditation processes of NACTE concentrate to ensure the quality in terms of infrastructure, facilities and instructional process deemed necessary for competent teachers' and graduates in the field of education. The study is divided into two sections. Section 1analyzes the NACTE and its accreditation standards in the light of Quran and Hadiths while section 2 concentrates on the challenges faced by NACTE in ensuring quality of teacher education and the available opportunities that NACTE could utilize for the sustainability of NACTE and teacher education in Pakistan. The study is based on mixed-method research design following sequential triangulation techniques adopting pragmatic paradigm of research. Data collection instruments used in this study was in-depth interviews and a structured questionnaire from teacher educators of public sector universities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The results and recommendations are discussed at the end of the study.
Pakistan Journal of Distance and online learning, 2019
Home is the first institution of a child that have significant relationships with students’ overa... more Home is the first institution of a child that have significant relationships with students’ overall life. Current study have investigated the relationship of home enviornemnt with secondary school students performances. The focus of the study was to findout the relationship of home interactions, physcial facilities and students academic performances. Secondary school students were the population of the study. Data were colleted through a questionnaire and was analyzed with the help of SPSS. Percentage, mean scores, standard devaition and pearson correlation were applied to the collected data. Reuslts obtained from analysis illustrated that a substantail majority of respondents are lacking separate study rooms at their homes, have a very low interactional oppportnuties at home in home related matters, but still majority of them were satisfied with their home envionment. Based on the results it was recommended students need to be involved in domestic issues, they might be provided separate rooms for study and all the other facilities needed for educational progress of students.
A number of research studies have found differences between male and female students' classroom p... more A number of research studies have found differences between male and female students' classroom participation. Some researchers link these differences to students' gender, asserting that female students' low participation is the result of male students' active classroom participation. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore differences between students' gender and their classroom participation and to investigate the ways through which students gender manifest itself in disadvantaging other students. Four students-both male and female-were interviewed using a semi-structured interview schedule; two classroom observations were conducted, having different classroom gender compositions. Apart from the students two teachers of the observed classes were also interviewed, for gaining a better understanding of the differences between male and female students' classroom participation and the reasons that disadvantage a specific gender. Findings suggest and confirm that university climate presents less friendly environment to female students.
Allama Iqbal Open University (AIOU) offers teacher education programs from Primary School Teacher... more Allama Iqbal Open University (AIOU) offers teacher education programs from Primary School Teacher to Doctor of Philosophy in Education. The current study is focused on B. Ed., 2-year M.Ed., and Associate Degree in Education (ADE). AIOU has rendered great services in the field of education and particularly teacher education. Distance education internationally is an established system of education but in the context of Pakistan there are certain issues in distant mode of education which if addressed, may improve quality in teacher education. The current study investigated issues from the perspectives of tutors in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Data were collected from tutors in 03 districts through interviews. Interview was conducted with total of 20 tutors. The purpose of the study was to get an in-depth understanding of the issues and suggest recommendations for improvement of the teacher education through distance learning from AIOU and the distance education programs offered by other universities.
International Journal of English Language and Literature Studies, 2013, 2(2):95-101, 2013
This study was conducted to investigate the factors affecting the learning of English of the seco... more This study was conducted to investigate the factors affecting the learning of English of the secondary school students in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The objectives of the study were (1) To find out the factors affecting the learning of English at secondary level in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa; and (2) To provide a base for improvement of teaching English as a second language at the secondary school level in Pakistan. The population of the study was comprised of all the English teachers of twenty four Provincial government schools, and twenty two Federal government schools located in twenty four districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Sixteen senior most English teachers were selected for the purpose of interview. The main findings of the study were; the teachers in Provincial government schools were not sufficiently qualified and had not adequate knowledge of teaching methodologies of teaching English. The classes at both type of school system were overcrowded. The Provincial and Federal Government schools lacked audiovisual aids for teaching of English.
Prospective teachers' training is carried out adopting various approaches. Every approach has som... more Prospective teachers' training is carried out adopting various approaches. Every approach has some merits and demerits. The current study adopted a flip learning approach for the training of prospective teachers in pedagogical skills. The study was delimited to four pedagogical skills (instructional planning, presentation, classroom management and assessment skills). Null hypotheses were formulated and in pre-experimental designs one group single case study design was adopted. The treatment of the group was done through flip learning approach for teaching of pedagogical skills for prospective teachers. Students of B.Ed one year in distance education program at Takht Bhia center were selected for the study. Data were collected through a questionnaire and were analyzed through mean std deviation and t-paired test. The results rejected the null hypotheses as there was a significant effect of flip learning approach on prospective teachers' pedagogical skills. It was therefore, recommended that prospective teachers may be taught through flip learning approach particularly in the teaching of pedagogical skills.
Literacy practices focus classroom assessment skills and
knowledge. This study investigated the c... more Literacy practices focus classroom assessment skills and knowledge. This study investigated the correlation of classroom assessment literacy and practices of teacher educators in Pakistan. Teacher educators of Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Teacher education institutions were investigated through Assessment Literacy Test (ALT), Classroom Assessment Practices Questionnaire (CAPQ) following quantitative correlational research design. The results reflected moderate level assessment literacy of teacher educators in Pakistan and found them practice traditional assessment practices. Furthermore, majority of teacher educators were found to have less knowledge and skills in designing and selecting appropriate assessment tools and that most of the classroom assessment practices were limited to paper-pencil tests. Teacher training with mutual consultation of Learning and Innovation Division (LID) of Higher Education Commission (HEC), the establishment of National Assessment Wing under the Umbrella of National Curriculum Wing and support from ICT supported devices
In-practice traditional lecture, discussion and assignments based pedagogical practices play its ... more In-practice traditional lecture, discussion and assignments based pedagogical practices play its role in students' learning and retention power. The current study intends to investigate whether authentic pedagogical practices are more effective in terms of enhancing students' educational performances and retention power or the traditional pedagogical practices. Therefore, this study focused on investigating the effects of authentic and traditional pedagogical practices on students' educational performances and retention power at secondary level. The objective was to measure the effects of authentic and traditional pedagogical practices on students' educational performances and retention power. A pre-test post-test comparative group design was adopted to conduct the study. The students of experimental group were exposed to authentic pedagogical practices while the control group was treated on traditional routine pedagogical practices. Data from the experimental and control group were collected through a self-developed test. Thrice was the test administered to both groups, the collected data were analyzed through Mean, Standard Deviation and independent sample t-test. Results of the study concludes that students of experimental group performed higher on the post-test than the students of control group, the performance of experimental group was also better as
Students' lack of participation in the classroom can be associated with gender disparities which ... more Students' lack of participation in the classroom can be associated with gender disparities which has remained the special focus of researcher's attention in the field of education for long time. This research looks into the students' classroom participation in the context of cultural influences and differential level of participation in the classrooms. Qualitative data were collected through observation and semi structured interviews nine sample universities. Male and female students' and teachers from selected departments were interviewed. Convenience sampling technique was used for conducting interviews and classrooms observations. Similarly, 02 observations were conducted in the sampled universities each in order to see the inter relationship of gender and its effects on students participation in the classroom. The results illustrated that there is gender disparity, cultural constraints and negative attitude towards female education. Female students according to the results are also considered less intelligent as compared to the male students.
Abstract
This study investigated into the effects of lesson planning on effective teaching. The s... more Abstract This study investigated into the effects of lesson planning on effective teaching. The study is qualitative in nature and was delimited to the eight government middle schools of Tehshil Babuzai District Swat. Eight (8) teachers and Sixteen (16) students were interviewed using semi-structured interviews. The results showed that most of the teachers understand the importance of lesson planning but when it comes to the implementation of the lesson planning the views of the teachers and the students are divided. Majority of the students are of the view that teachers are using only one method of teaching with no activities and with no variety in the teaching techniques. While teachers are of the opinion that overcrowded classrooms and time management are the main issues that stop them from using and implementing proper lesson planning. Further those students whose teachers’ rely on traditional methods with no prior planning their students are introvert, shy and prone to avoid taking part in the activities.
A number of research studies have found differences between male and female students’ classroom p... more A number of research studies have found differences between male and female students’ classroom participation. Some researchers link these differences to students’ gender, asserting that female students’ low participation is the result of male students’ active classroom participation. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore differences between students’ gender and their classroom participation and to investigate the ways through which students gender manifest itself in disadvantaging other students. Four students – both male and female – were interviewed using a semi-structured interview schedule; two classroom observations were conducted, having different classroom gender compositions. Apart from the students two teachers of the observed classes were also interviewed, for gaining a better understanding of the differences between male and female students’ classroom participation and the reasons that disadvantage a specific gender. Findings suggest and confirm that ...
Purpose of the study: This study aims to investigate the impact of bank-specific and macroeconomi... more Purpose of the study: This study aims to investigate the impact of bank-specific and macroeconomic factors on commercial banks profitability in Pakistan. Methodology: This study uses both internal and external factors as independent variables. Internal factors are inclusive of capital adequacy, operational efficiency, deposit ratio, liquidity, leverage, number of branches, and bank size, while external indicators are pertaining to GDP, rate of inflation, interest rate, and rate of foreign exchange. Return on assets, return on equity, and net interest margin is employed as proxies for measuring profitability. Balanced panel data of 25 commercial banks over a period ranging from 2009 to 2018 is analyzed through descriptive statistics and fixed effects regression model. Main Findings: The empirical findings revealed that among internal factors, capital adequacy ratio, deposit ratio, leverage ratio, liquidity ratio, and bank size significantly affect the return on asset, while in the ca...
There are some stereotypical roles, characteristics, and traits associated with different genders... more There are some stereotypical roles, characteristics, and traits associated with different genders. All genders are being linked with certain emotional states. In the context of the Pakistani scenario which is considered as a patriarchal society, the male gender is regarded as a dominant being and has certain traits like strength, confidence, decision making, and power connected with this gender. Conventionally, the female gender is considered to be very emotional, sensitive, lack confidence and decision making skills. The present study focuses on to find out the existing ground realities, if these gender connected traits have any kind of effect on their performance and effectiveness at workplaces. The proposed research purpose is to investigate the effect of gender on teacher's emotional intelligence at higher educational institutions of district Peshawar. The researcher selected three public universities of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa using cluster sampling technique and using stratified sampling technique SRMEI was administered proportionally to the selected university teachers (female= 59, male= 106) to assess their emotional intelligence. SRMEI comprises three subscales: emotional self-awareness, emotional self-regulation, and interpersonal relationship. Data was analyzed on SPSS version 20 software. The researcher applied a T-Test to investigate the effect of gender on the EI skills of teachers. The study discovered a fact that teachers' (female gender) mean score (M= 3.71, SD= .212) was significantly higher than that of male (M= 2.38, SD=.455) on a factor only i.e. interpersonal skills. While both gender groups display similar results on the remaining two facets of Emotional Intelligence (EI) was concerned.
Research on burnout gained popularity in the 1970s but in the last three decades' research about ... more Research on burnout gained popularity in the 1970s but in the last three decades' research about burnout gained immense popularity (Hedden, 2005, Harmesh, Laurenz, Maulana & Veen., 2018). Frudenberger (1974) defined the term (Burnout) for the first time who opined that when there are too many professional demands with limited resources and rewards, it causes a sense of chronic stress and failure. The current research study was undertaken to find out the level of burnout among secondary school English teacher and also their perception of prevention from burnout. The data from the respondents were collected through CBI inventory to measure their level of burnout and its effects on teachers at the secondary school level in district Swat. An open-ended 7 items questionnaire was used to identify the perception of the teachers about preventing them from burning out. The population for this study is comprised of government secondary schools' teachers (230) male-only from which the sample group was selected through systematic sampling techniques. The reliability coefficient was measured through the Cronbach alpha method the= .00000. All the respondents used the categories indicating a low level of burnout and the average score of all the respondents is below 40 in most of the categories of burnout. The study recommends that the school management should take preventive measures to help teachers fight burnout on a school level and larger scale (directorate level) organizations should help teachers maintain balance in their work so that they do not fall victim to burnout. The study is of immense importance for the wellbeing of the teachers and the effective teaching-learning process. To be able to generalize the findings of the study, it is recommended for future researchers to undertake it on a larger scale such as provincial or country level. Moreover, the current research has been conducted only among male secondary school teachers. It would be interesting to see the research-based results across both genders.
Sir Syed Journal of Education & Social Research (SJESR), 2019
Constitutional provisions provide a guiding framework for the action taken by the
responsible aut... more Constitutional provisions provide a guiding framework for the action taken by the responsible authorities of the state. The current study investigated the constitutional provisions of Pakistan and South Korea for the education of its citizens. The constitution of Pakistan 1973 mentioned education as a subject in Article 25(a), 37(b), and 38 (d) which states the government will eradicate illiteracy in minimum possible time, and education up to secondary level will be free and compulsory for all the citizens of the state. Similarly, the constitution of South Korea under article 31 explains the educational commitments of the state to its citizens. Both the states have designed educational policies to reach the desired targets. All these policies have three common elements (1) Sustainability, (2) Outreach, and (3) Impact. All these are based on the last element that is impact which reflects that whether the targets have been achieved or not. Therefore this study assessed the impact of the constitutional provisions of Pakistan and South Korea on the overall literacy of its masses and on the quality of education.
Research Journal of Social Sciences & Economics Review, 2020
The current study is built on the idea that teachers' classroom practices are influenced by their... more The current study is built on the idea that teachers' classroom practices are influenced by their belief system. The research investigated the beliefs of teachers about the position of reading stratagems, and their classroom implementation among 141 secondary school English teachers and found the association between their beliefs about the position of reading comprehension stratagems and their classroom application. It is a descriptive study, data were collected through a questionnaire. Means and Pearson correlation were calculated for finding out the relationship between the variables. The study found that reading stratagems in reading comprehension and their practices in classrooms are positively correlated. The study recommends understanding the conceptions of English language teachers in schools for the effective teaching of English in general and reading stratagems in particular.
Sir Syed Journal of Education & Social Research (SJESR), 2018
Accreditation Councils are all about quality assurance in the academic programs. All the mechanis... more Accreditation Councils are all about quality assurance in the academic programs. All the mechanisms of accreditation concentrates on the quality for which Quran uses and stress words ihsan and itqan (good and quality). National Accreditation Council for Teacher Education (NACTE) like other academic accreditation councils is also working to ensure quality in teacher education. The accreditation processes of NACTE concentrate to ensure the quality in terms of infrastructure, facilities and instructional process deemed necessary for competent teachers' and graduates in the field of education. The study is divided into two sections. Section 1analyzes the NACTE and its accreditation standards in the light of Quran and Hadiths while section 2 concentrates on the challenges faced by NACTE in ensuring quality of teacher education and the available opportunities that NACTE could utilize for the sustainability of NACTE and teacher education in Pakistan. The study is based on mixed-method research design following sequential triangulation techniques adopting pragmatic paradigm of research. Data collection instruments used in this study was in-depth interviews and a structured questionnaire from teacher educators of public sector universities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The results and recommendations are discussed at the end of the study.
Pakistan Journal of Distance and online learning, 2019
Home is the first institution of a child that have significant relationships with students’ overa... more Home is the first institution of a child that have significant relationships with students’ overall life. Current study have investigated the relationship of home enviornemnt with secondary school students performances. The focus of the study was to findout the relationship of home interactions, physcial facilities and students academic performances. Secondary school students were the population of the study. Data were colleted through a questionnaire and was analyzed with the help of SPSS. Percentage, mean scores, standard devaition and pearson correlation were applied to the collected data. Reuslts obtained from analysis illustrated that a substantail majority of respondents are lacking separate study rooms at their homes, have a very low interactional oppportnuties at home in home related matters, but still majority of them were satisfied with their home envionment. Based on the results it was recommended students need to be involved in domestic issues, they might be provided separate rooms for study and all the other facilities needed for educational progress of students.
A number of research studies have found differences between male and female students' classroom p... more A number of research studies have found differences between male and female students' classroom participation. Some researchers link these differences to students' gender, asserting that female students' low participation is the result of male students' active classroom participation. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore differences between students' gender and their classroom participation and to investigate the ways through which students gender manifest itself in disadvantaging other students. Four students-both male and female-were interviewed using a semi-structured interview schedule; two classroom observations were conducted, having different classroom gender compositions. Apart from the students two teachers of the observed classes were also interviewed, for gaining a better understanding of the differences between male and female students' classroom participation and the reasons that disadvantage a specific gender. Findings suggest and confirm that university climate presents less friendly environment to female students.
Allama Iqbal Open University (AIOU) offers teacher education programs from Primary School Teacher... more Allama Iqbal Open University (AIOU) offers teacher education programs from Primary School Teacher to Doctor of Philosophy in Education. The current study is focused on B. Ed., 2-year M.Ed., and Associate Degree in Education (ADE). AIOU has rendered great services in the field of education and particularly teacher education. Distance education internationally is an established system of education but in the context of Pakistan there are certain issues in distant mode of education which if addressed, may improve quality in teacher education. The current study investigated issues from the perspectives of tutors in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Data were collected from tutors in 03 districts through interviews. Interview was conducted with total of 20 tutors. The purpose of the study was to get an in-depth understanding of the issues and suggest recommendations for improvement of the teacher education through distance learning from AIOU and the distance education programs offered by other universities.
International Journal of English Language and Literature Studies, 2013, 2(2):95-101, 2013
This study was conducted to investigate the factors affecting the learning of English of the seco... more This study was conducted to investigate the factors affecting the learning of English of the secondary school students in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The objectives of the study were (1) To find out the factors affecting the learning of English at secondary level in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa; and (2) To provide a base for improvement of teaching English as a second language at the secondary school level in Pakistan. The population of the study was comprised of all the English teachers of twenty four Provincial government schools, and twenty two Federal government schools located in twenty four districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Sixteen senior most English teachers were selected for the purpose of interview. The main findings of the study were; the teachers in Provincial government schools were not sufficiently qualified and had not adequate knowledge of teaching methodologies of teaching English. The classes at both type of school system were overcrowded. The Provincial and Federal Government schools lacked audiovisual aids for teaching of English.
Prospective teachers' training is carried out adopting various approaches. Every approach has som... more Prospective teachers' training is carried out adopting various approaches. Every approach has some merits and demerits. The current study adopted a flip learning approach for the training of prospective teachers in pedagogical skills. The study was delimited to four pedagogical skills (instructional planning, presentation, classroom management and assessment skills). Null hypotheses were formulated and in pre-experimental designs one group single case study design was adopted. The treatment of the group was done through flip learning approach for teaching of pedagogical skills for prospective teachers. Students of B.Ed one year in distance education program at Takht Bhia center were selected for the study. Data were collected through a questionnaire and were analyzed through mean std deviation and t-paired test. The results rejected the null hypotheses as there was a significant effect of flip learning approach on prospective teachers' pedagogical skills. It was therefore, recommended that prospective teachers may be taught through flip learning approach particularly in the teaching of pedagogical skills.
Literacy practices focus classroom assessment skills and
knowledge. This study investigated the c... more Literacy practices focus classroom assessment skills and knowledge. This study investigated the correlation of classroom assessment literacy and practices of teacher educators in Pakistan. Teacher educators of Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Teacher education institutions were investigated through Assessment Literacy Test (ALT), Classroom Assessment Practices Questionnaire (CAPQ) following quantitative correlational research design. The results reflected moderate level assessment literacy of teacher educators in Pakistan and found them practice traditional assessment practices. Furthermore, majority of teacher educators were found to have less knowledge and skills in designing and selecting appropriate assessment tools and that most of the classroom assessment practices were limited to paper-pencil tests. Teacher training with mutual consultation of Learning and Innovation Division (LID) of Higher Education Commission (HEC), the establishment of National Assessment Wing under the Umbrella of National Curriculum Wing and support from ICT supported devices
In-practice traditional lecture, discussion and assignments based pedagogical practices play its ... more In-practice traditional lecture, discussion and assignments based pedagogical practices play its role in students' learning and retention power. The current study intends to investigate whether authentic pedagogical practices are more effective in terms of enhancing students' educational performances and retention power or the traditional pedagogical practices. Therefore, this study focused on investigating the effects of authentic and traditional pedagogical practices on students' educational performances and retention power at secondary level. The objective was to measure the effects of authentic and traditional pedagogical practices on students' educational performances and retention power. A pre-test post-test comparative group design was adopted to conduct the study. The students of experimental group were exposed to authentic pedagogical practices while the control group was treated on traditional routine pedagogical practices. Data from the experimental and control group were collected through a self-developed test. Thrice was the test administered to both groups, the collected data were analyzed through Mean, Standard Deviation and independent sample t-test. Results of the study concludes that students of experimental group performed higher on the post-test than the students of control group, the performance of experimental group was also better as
Students' lack of participation in the classroom can be associated with gender disparities which ... more Students' lack of participation in the classroom can be associated with gender disparities which has remained the special focus of researcher's attention in the field of education for long time. This research looks into the students' classroom participation in the context of cultural influences and differential level of participation in the classrooms. Qualitative data were collected through observation and semi structured interviews nine sample universities. Male and female students' and teachers from selected departments were interviewed. Convenience sampling technique was used for conducting interviews and classrooms observations. Similarly, 02 observations were conducted in the sampled universities each in order to see the inter relationship of gender and its effects on students participation in the classroom. The results illustrated that there is gender disparity, cultural constraints and negative attitude towards female education. Female students according to the results are also considered less intelligent as compared to the male students.
Abstract
This study investigated into the effects of lesson planning on effective teaching. The s... more Abstract This study investigated into the effects of lesson planning on effective teaching. The study is qualitative in nature and was delimited to the eight government middle schools of Tehshil Babuzai District Swat. Eight (8) teachers and Sixteen (16) students were interviewed using semi-structured interviews. The results showed that most of the teachers understand the importance of lesson planning but when it comes to the implementation of the lesson planning the views of the teachers and the students are divided. Majority of the students are of the view that teachers are using only one method of teaching with no activities and with no variety in the teaching techniques. While teachers are of the opinion that overcrowded classrooms and time management are the main issues that stop them from using and implementing proper lesson planning. Further those students whose teachers’ rely on traditional methods with no prior planning their students are introvert, shy and prone to avoid taking part in the activities.
Uploads
responsible authorities of the state. The current study investigated the constitutional
provisions of Pakistan and South Korea for the education of its citizens. The constitution of
Pakistan 1973 mentioned education as a subject in Article 25(a), 37(b), and 38 (d) which
states the government will eradicate illiteracy in minimum possible time, and education up to
secondary level will be free and compulsory for all the citizens of the state. Similarly, the
constitution of South Korea under article 31 explains the educational commitments of the
state to its citizens. Both the states have designed educational policies to reach the desired
targets. All these policies have three common elements (1) Sustainability, (2) Outreach, and
(3) Impact. All these are based on the last element that is impact which reflects that whether
the targets have been achieved or not. Therefore this study assessed the impact of the
constitutional provisions of Pakistan and South Korea on the overall literacy of its masses
and on the quality of education.
knowledge. This study investigated the correlation of classroom
assessment literacy and practices of teacher educators in Pakistan. Teacher
educators of Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Teacher education institutions
were investigated through Assessment Literacy Test (ALT), Classroom Assessment
Practices Questionnaire (CAPQ) following quantitative correlational research
design. The results reflected moderate level assessment literacy of teacher
educators in Pakistan and found them practice traditional assessment practices.
Furthermore, majority of teacher educators were found to have less knowledge
and skills in designing and selecting appropriate assessment tools and that most
of the classroom assessment practices were
limited to paper-pencil tests. Teacher training
with mutual consultation of Learning and
Innovation Division (LID) of Higher Education
Commission (HEC), the establishment of National
Assessment Wing under the Umbrella of National
Curriculum Wing and support from ICT
supported devices
This study investigated into the effects of lesson planning on effective teaching. The study is qualitative in nature and was delimited to the eight government middle schools of Tehshil Babuzai District Swat. Eight (8) teachers and Sixteen (16) students were interviewed using semi-structured interviews. The results showed that most of the teachers understand the importance of lesson planning but when it comes to the implementation of the lesson planning the views of the teachers and the students are divided. Majority of the students are of the view that teachers are using only one method of teaching with no activities and with no variety in the teaching techniques. While teachers are of the opinion that overcrowded classrooms and time management are the main issues that stop them from using and implementing proper lesson planning. Further those students whose teachers’ rely on traditional methods with no prior planning their students are introvert, shy and prone to avoid taking part in the activities.
responsible authorities of the state. The current study investigated the constitutional
provisions of Pakistan and South Korea for the education of its citizens. The constitution of
Pakistan 1973 mentioned education as a subject in Article 25(a), 37(b), and 38 (d) which
states the government will eradicate illiteracy in minimum possible time, and education up to
secondary level will be free and compulsory for all the citizens of the state. Similarly, the
constitution of South Korea under article 31 explains the educational commitments of the
state to its citizens. Both the states have designed educational policies to reach the desired
targets. All these policies have three common elements (1) Sustainability, (2) Outreach, and
(3) Impact. All these are based on the last element that is impact which reflects that whether
the targets have been achieved or not. Therefore this study assessed the impact of the
constitutional provisions of Pakistan and South Korea on the overall literacy of its masses
and on the quality of education.
knowledge. This study investigated the correlation of classroom
assessment literacy and practices of teacher educators in Pakistan. Teacher
educators of Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Teacher education institutions
were investigated through Assessment Literacy Test (ALT), Classroom Assessment
Practices Questionnaire (CAPQ) following quantitative correlational research
design. The results reflected moderate level assessment literacy of teacher
educators in Pakistan and found them practice traditional assessment practices.
Furthermore, majority of teacher educators were found to have less knowledge
and skills in designing and selecting appropriate assessment tools and that most
of the classroom assessment practices were
limited to paper-pencil tests. Teacher training
with mutual consultation of Learning and
Innovation Division (LID) of Higher Education
Commission (HEC), the establishment of National
Assessment Wing under the Umbrella of National
Curriculum Wing and support from ICT
supported devices
This study investigated into the effects of lesson planning on effective teaching. The study is qualitative in nature and was delimited to the eight government middle schools of Tehshil Babuzai District Swat. Eight (8) teachers and Sixteen (16) students were interviewed using semi-structured interviews. The results showed that most of the teachers understand the importance of lesson planning but when it comes to the implementation of the lesson planning the views of the teachers and the students are divided. Majority of the students are of the view that teachers are using only one method of teaching with no activities and with no variety in the teaching techniques. While teachers are of the opinion that overcrowded classrooms and time management are the main issues that stop them from using and implementing proper lesson planning. Further those students whose teachers’ rely on traditional methods with no prior planning their students are introvert, shy and prone to avoid taking part in the activities.