The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry, Jan 19, 2015
Compared to the substantial body of research examining links between cannabis use and psychosis, ... more Compared to the substantial body of research examining links between cannabis use and psychosis, there has been relatively little attention to the role of tobacco as a potential risk factor for psychosis. This study explored the association between age at first tobacco use and psychosis-related outcomes in a birth cohort. This study is based on a large birth cohort (the Mater-University Study of Pregnancy). At approximately 21 years of age, cohort members (N = 3752) were assessed for three psychosis-related outcomes (International Classification of Diseases non-affective psychosis, the presence of any hallucination and total count of delusional-like experiences) with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview and the Peters Delusional Inventory. Associations between age at first tobacco use and psychosis-related outcomes were examined using logistic regression in a model (a) adjusted for sex and age and (b) in a second model excluding all respondents who had a history of past ...
Studies involving animals and older adults suggest that physical activity (PA) might lead to impr... more Studies involving animals and older adults suggest that physical activity (PA) might lead to improved cognitive ability in general, and enhanced intelligence scores (IQ) in particular. However, there are few studies involving young persons and none controlling for the possibility that those with better cognitive skills are more likely to engage in PA. Data are from the Mater-University of Queensland Study of Pregnancy. We measured IQ at the 14-year follow-up and IQ and PA at 21 years. Mean IQ scores are presented at the 21-year follow-up adjusted for IQ at 14 years, and PA and other variables. Measures of vigorous exercise, less vigorous exercise, walking, and vigorous activity apart from exercise, produced inconsistent results. Increased levels of less vigorous exercise were associated with higher IQ, but neither higher levels of vigorous exercise nor walking were associated with IQ. For vigorous activity at work or in the home, the associations are curvilinear, with more and less ...
Maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with offspring obesity. However, little is known ... more Maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with offspring obesity. However, little is known about whether maternal smoking in pregnancy predicts other offspring cardiovascular risk factors including waist circumference (WC), waist-hip-ratio (WHR), pulse rate (PR), systolic (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). We studied a sub-sample of 2038 (50% males) young adults who were born in Brisbane, Australia to investigate the prospective association of maternal smoking during pregnancy with young adult cardiovascular risk factors. We compared offspring mean BMI, WC, WHR, SBP, DBP and PR and the risk of being overweight and obese at 21 years by three mutually exclusive categories of maternal smoking status defined as never smoked, smoked before and/or after pregnancy but not in pregnancy or smoked during pregnancy and other times. Offspring of mothers who smoked during pregnancy had greater mean BMI, WC, WHR and PR and they were at greater risk of being obese at 21 years compare...
It is unclear whether any breastfeeding or a certain duration of breastfeeding is protective agai... more It is unclear whether any breastfeeding or a certain duration of breastfeeding is protective against the development of diabetes in adult offspring. We followed a sub-sample of 3,595 offspring born in the Mater Hospital in Brisbane, Australia between 1981 and 1983 and for whom we had doctor diagnosed self-reported diabetes at age 21 years and maternal reported duration of breastfeeding at 6-month post-natal follow-up. Multiple logistic regression was used to examine the independent associations of duration of breastfeeding (never breastfeed, breastfed <4 months and breastfed ≥4 months) with offspring diabetes by age 21 years. Of 3,595 young adults, 45 (1.25 %) developed diabetes by age 21 years. The odds ratio of experiencing diabetes was 0.58 (95 % CI 0.29, 1.16) for offspring who were breastfed <4 months, and it was 0.29 (95 % CI 0.13, 0.63), for offspring who were breastfed at least 4 months compared to the never breastfed offspring. Adjusting for potential confounding and ...
ABSTRACT In order to establish a common scale with a stable structure over time to use in repeate... more ABSTRACT In order to establish a common scale with a stable structure over time to use in repeated measures studies, this study uses information from a large community-based cohort of women. Mental health was assessed at six time points during 21 years, using the Delusions-Symptoms-States Inventory/States of Anxiety and Depression (DSSI/sAD) for 2698 women with mean age of 25.2 years at baseline. Mokken scale analysis is applied to the 14 items of DSSI/sAD at each time point, using a hierarchical clustering Algorithm and a Genetic Algorithm. Both algorithms resulted in one Mokken scale at each time point. After excluding items that did not meet the assumptions of Mokken scaling for polytomous data, a single common scale with 10 common items was extracted from scales, which was highly reliable at each time point. This measure with reasonable hierarchy of severity of items (symptoms) has a stable structure over time and can be used to track the changes of women’s mental health over time and analysed via repeated measures analysis.
The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry, Jan 19, 2015
Compared to the substantial body of research examining links between cannabis use and psychosis, ... more Compared to the substantial body of research examining links between cannabis use and psychosis, there has been relatively little attention to the role of tobacco as a potential risk factor for psychosis. This study explored the association between age at first tobacco use and psychosis-related outcomes in a birth cohort. This study is based on a large birth cohort (the Mater-University Study of Pregnancy). At approximately 21 years of age, cohort members (N = 3752) were assessed for three psychosis-related outcomes (International Classification of Diseases non-affective psychosis, the presence of any hallucination and total count of delusional-like experiences) with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview and the Peters Delusional Inventory. Associations between age at first tobacco use and psychosis-related outcomes were examined using logistic regression in a model (a) adjusted for sex and age and (b) in a second model excluding all respondents who had a history of past ...
Studies involving animals and older adults suggest that physical activity (PA) might lead to impr... more Studies involving animals and older adults suggest that physical activity (PA) might lead to improved cognitive ability in general, and enhanced intelligence scores (IQ) in particular. However, there are few studies involving young persons and none controlling for the possibility that those with better cognitive skills are more likely to engage in PA. Data are from the Mater-University of Queensland Study of Pregnancy. We measured IQ at the 14-year follow-up and IQ and PA at 21 years. Mean IQ scores are presented at the 21-year follow-up adjusted for IQ at 14 years, and PA and other variables. Measures of vigorous exercise, less vigorous exercise, walking, and vigorous activity apart from exercise, produced inconsistent results. Increased levels of less vigorous exercise were associated with higher IQ, but neither higher levels of vigorous exercise nor walking were associated with IQ. For vigorous activity at work or in the home, the associations are curvilinear, with more and less ...
Maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with offspring obesity. However, little is known ... more Maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with offspring obesity. However, little is known about whether maternal smoking in pregnancy predicts other offspring cardiovascular risk factors including waist circumference (WC), waist-hip-ratio (WHR), pulse rate (PR), systolic (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). We studied a sub-sample of 2038 (50% males) young adults who were born in Brisbane, Australia to investigate the prospective association of maternal smoking during pregnancy with young adult cardiovascular risk factors. We compared offspring mean BMI, WC, WHR, SBP, DBP and PR and the risk of being overweight and obese at 21 years by three mutually exclusive categories of maternal smoking status defined as never smoked, smoked before and/or after pregnancy but not in pregnancy or smoked during pregnancy and other times. Offspring of mothers who smoked during pregnancy had greater mean BMI, WC, WHR and PR and they were at greater risk of being obese at 21 years compare...
It is unclear whether any breastfeeding or a certain duration of breastfeeding is protective agai... more It is unclear whether any breastfeeding or a certain duration of breastfeeding is protective against the development of diabetes in adult offspring. We followed a sub-sample of 3,595 offspring born in the Mater Hospital in Brisbane, Australia between 1981 and 1983 and for whom we had doctor diagnosed self-reported diabetes at age 21 years and maternal reported duration of breastfeeding at 6-month post-natal follow-up. Multiple logistic regression was used to examine the independent associations of duration of breastfeeding (never breastfeed, breastfed <4 months and breastfed ≥4 months) with offspring diabetes by age 21 years. Of 3,595 young adults, 45 (1.25 %) developed diabetes by age 21 years. The odds ratio of experiencing diabetes was 0.58 (95 % CI 0.29, 1.16) for offspring who were breastfed <4 months, and it was 0.29 (95 % CI 0.13, 0.63), for offspring who were breastfed at least 4 months compared to the never breastfed offspring. Adjusting for potential confounding and ...
ABSTRACT In order to establish a common scale with a stable structure over time to use in repeate... more ABSTRACT In order to establish a common scale with a stable structure over time to use in repeated measures studies, this study uses information from a large community-based cohort of women. Mental health was assessed at six time points during 21 years, using the Delusions-Symptoms-States Inventory/States of Anxiety and Depression (DSSI/sAD) for 2698 women with mean age of 25.2 years at baseline. Mokken scale analysis is applied to the 14 items of DSSI/sAD at each time point, using a hierarchical clustering Algorithm and a Genetic Algorithm. Both algorithms resulted in one Mokken scale at each time point. After excluding items that did not meet the assumptions of Mokken scaling for polytomous data, a single common scale with 10 common items was extracted from scales, which was highly reliable at each time point. This measure with reasonable hierarchy of severity of items (symptoms) has a stable structure over time and can be used to track the changes of women’s mental health over time and analysed via repeated measures analysis.
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