The purpose of this study was to compare joint kinematics, knee and trunk muscle activation and c... more The purpose of this study was to compare joint kinematics, knee and trunk muscle activation and co-activation patterns during a sit-to-stand movement in women with knee osteoarthritis and age-matched controls. Eleven women with knee osteoarthritis (mean and standard deviation, age: 66.90, 4.51years, height: 1.63, 0.02m, mass: 77.63, 5.4kg) and eleven healthy women (mean and standard deviation, age: 61.90, 3.12years, height: 1.63m, 0.03, mass: 78.30, 4.91kg) performed a Sit to Stand movement at a self-selected slow, normal and fast speed. Three-dimensional joint kinematics of the lower limb, vertical ground reaction forces and electromyographic activity of the biceps femoris vastus lateralis and erectus spinae were recorded bilaterally. A two-way ANOVA showed that the osteoarhtitis group performed the sit to stand task using a smaller knee and hip range of motion compared with the control group while no differences in temporal kinematics and ground reaction force-related parameters were observed. In addition, women with osteoarhtritis displayed significantly lower vastus lateralis coupled with a higher biceps feomoris electromyographic activity and higher agonist-antagonist co-contraction and co-activation than asymptomatic women. The activation of erectus spinae was not different between groups. Results indicate that patients with moderate knee osteoarthritis rise from the chair using greater knee muscle co-contraction, earlier and greater activation of the hamstrings which results in reduced hip and knee range of motion. This may be a way to overcome the pain and potential muscle atrophy of knee extensor muscles without compromising overall task duration.
The semitendinosus (ST) consists of a long distal tendon and it is divided in two parts by a tend... more The semitendinosus (ST) consists of a long distal tendon and it is divided in two parts by a tendinous inscription (TI). The purpose of this study was to quantify strain and elongation of the TI and the distal tendon of ST. Fourteen subjects performed ramp isometric contractions of the knee flexors at 0°, 45° and 90° of knee flexion. Two ultrasound probes were used to visualize the displacement of the distal tendon and selected points across the TI and aponeuroses. Three-way analysis of variance designs indicated that: (a) strain and elongation of the ST distal muscle-tendon junction were higher than that of the aponeurosis - TI junction points (p < 0.05) (b) the long arm of the TI reach strain of 49.86 ± 7.77% which was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than that displayed by the short arm (28.35 ± 0.59%) (c) Strain of tendinous and TI-aponeuroses segments significantly increased from 90° to 0° of knee flexion while the inverse was observed for the TI arm length (p < 0.05). (d) Tendon strain was significantly higher than strain of the TI-aponeuroses segments at 45° and 90° of knee flexion while the opposite was observed at 0° of knee flexion. The arrangement of TI along ST length results in differential local strains, indicating that the mechanical properties of the ST muscle are affected by tendon, aponeuroses and tendinous inscription interactions.
The purpose of this study was to compare joint kinematics, knee and trunk muscle activation and c... more The purpose of this study was to compare joint kinematics, knee and trunk muscle activation and co-activation patterns during a sit-to-stand movement in women with knee osteoarthritis and age-matched controls. Eleven women with knee osteoarthritis (mean and standard deviation, age: 66.90, 4.51years, height: 1.63, 0.02m, mass: 77.63, 5.4kg) and eleven healthy women (mean and standard deviation, age: 61.90, 3.12years, height: 1.63m, 0.03, mass: 78.30, 4.91kg) performed a Sit to Stand movement at a self-selected slow, normal and fast speed. Three-dimensional joint kinematics of the lower limb, vertical ground reaction forces and electromyographic activity of the biceps femoris vastus lateralis and erectus spinae were recorded bilaterally. A two-way ANOVA showed that the osteoarhtitis group performed the sit to stand task using a smaller knee and hip range of motion compared with the control group while no differences in temporal kinematics and ground reaction force-related parameters were observed. In addition, women with osteoarhtritis displayed significantly lower vastus lateralis coupled with a higher biceps feomoris electromyographic activity and higher agonist-antagonist co-contraction and co-activation than asymptomatic women. The activation of erectus spinae was not different between groups. Results indicate that patients with moderate knee osteoarthritis rise from the chair using greater knee muscle co-contraction, earlier and greater activation of the hamstrings which results in reduced hip and knee range of motion. This may be a way to overcome the pain and potential muscle atrophy of knee extensor muscles without compromising overall task duration.
The semitendinosus (ST) consists of a long distal tendon and it is divided in two parts by a tend... more The semitendinosus (ST) consists of a long distal tendon and it is divided in two parts by a tendinous inscription (TI). The purpose of this study was to quantify strain and elongation of the TI and the distal tendon of ST. Fourteen subjects performed ramp isometric contractions of the knee flexors at 0°, 45° and 90° of knee flexion. Two ultrasound probes were used to visualize the displacement of the distal tendon and selected points across the TI and aponeuroses. Three-way analysis of variance designs indicated that: (a) strain and elongation of the ST distal muscle-tendon junction were higher than that of the aponeurosis - TI junction points (p < 0.05) (b) the long arm of the TI reach strain of 49.86 ± 7.77% which was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than that displayed by the short arm (28.35 ± 0.59%) (c) Strain of tendinous and TI-aponeuroses segments significantly increased from 90° to 0° of knee flexion while the inverse was observed for the TI arm length (p < 0.05). (d) Tendon strain was significantly higher than strain of the TI-aponeuroses segments at 45° and 90° of knee flexion while the opposite was observed at 0° of knee flexion. The arrangement of TI along ST length results in differential local strains, indicating that the mechanical properties of the ST muscle are affected by tendon, aponeuroses and tendinous inscription interactions.
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