HASAN AYDIN

The increasing population of students of color in public school settings in the United States is a persistent challenge for White teachers teaching diverse student populations with students from racially, ethnically, culturally, and linguistically diverse families and communities of lower socioeconomic status to make learning more effective in their classrooms. This qualitative study aimed to identify the challenges in teaching students of diverse backgrounds in public school settings in a school district in Houston, the most ethnically diverse large metropolitan area in the United States. The study focused on the lived experiences with in-depth and semistructured interviews conducted with 7 participants (6 females; 1 male) to gain insights into their perspectives and understand the essence of their experiences. The findings showed that the lack of language proficiency and trained teachers in culturally responsive teaching often create barriers to effective schooling. The findings emphasize the importance of culturally responsive teaching to prepare highly effective teachers to address the needs of an increasingly diverse student population in the United States.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the views of primary school teachers, who work in the public schools located in İstanbul, on 12- year of compulsory education (4 + 4 + 4 Training System) reformed by the Ministry of National Education in the 2012-2013 academic year. A Likert-type scale developed by the researchers consists of a total of 21 questions. 18 of the questions are close –ended questions, 3 is the open-ended questions. A total of 129 classroom teachers agreed to participate in this study. To analyze open-ended questions, qualitative research method, descriptive analyses technique was used. The results of this study showed that, there was no significant difference on the basis of gender, faculties and departments. The surveyed teachers expressed following hesitations: current status of educational institutions is not sufficient for this application, inaquality of opportunities across the country is a major obstacle and that may reduce the quality of the applications, application quickly developed and implemented without consultation of the teachers, starting age of compulsory education (60-66 months) ahead of time, 36 weekly course hours is excessive, improvement of the financial situation of employees is required.

In recent years, bilingual education has been a crucial phenomenon in the educational community in Turkey. This study aims to investigate whether academics have positive perceptions towards bilingual education or not. Regarding this issue, it is important to get the opinions of academics that are responsible for training future teachers. An online scale was emailed to the academics in 74 universities in Turkey. The study utilized quantitative research methods. A total of 208 academics completed the Bilingual Education Percept"ion Scale. Their responses were graded and these grades were used in generating various analyses. Cronbach Alpha reliability analysis was implemented and the reliability coefficient of the scale was determined to be .96. The mean of academics' scores indicates that they have shown highly positive perceptions about bilingual education. Moreover, demographic data was used as independent variable and regression analysis was performed. The findings of this study showed that academics have shown higher positive perception towards bilingual education.

Hypothyroidism is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality. Epicardial fat thickness (EFT) has been found to be correlated with visceral fat accumulation and is thought to be a novel cardiovascular risk factor. The aim of this study was to determine EFT and its relationship ...

Introduction Erectile dysfunction (ED) is frequently observed in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on hemodialysis (HD) compared to non-uremic patients. This situation causes severe psychogenic problems in patients and disrupts the quality of life. Different phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE-5) inhibitors have been used, and efficacies revealed, for the treatment of ED in HD patients; however, there are no studies related to udenafil use or results for HD patients. This study retrospectively evaluated the efficacy and reliability of udenafil for HD patients. Materials and methods The laboratory findings, side effects after treatment, and International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) scores before and after treatment were compared and evaluated for HD patients who applied to our urology clinic with ED complaints and were treated with udenafil. Results The results showed that in the HD patient group with ED, apart from ED, there were severe rates of other sexual dysfunction. In our patient group, there was a statistically significant improvement in all scores for erectile function (p = 0.033), orgasmic function (p < 0.001), sexual desire (p < 0.001), relationship satisfaction (p < 0.001), and general satisfaction (p < 0.001) after treatment. The reported side effects were headache in one patient and dyspepsia in one patient. Conclusion We concluded that udenafil is an effective and reliable treatment approach for HD patients; however, our results require support from prospective randomized crossover studies with sildenafil.

One hundred nine type 1 diabetic patients (M/F 59/50, 30±7 yrs) and 109 healthy controls (M/F 62/47, 29±8 yrs) were included in the study. Duration of diabetes was 8.1±6.3 yrs in patients. Bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine (L2–L4) and femoral neck were ...

Abstract: Objective: Since only a small proportion of diabetics achieve optimal glycemic targets, intensification of treatment with insulin is needed in most of the cases. Application of insulin lispro premix 50/50 TID provides better glycemic control compared to human ...

We aimed to evaluate the role of kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) in determining the intervals between shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) sessions. This was a prospective, controlled study. It included 40 patients with unilateral kidney stones and 40 healthy persons of a similar age group as controls. The patients' midflow urine samples were collected before SWL and 1 hour, 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month after the procedure. The average age in the SWL and control groups was 45 ± 14 and 39 ± 15 years, respectively (P = 0.336). The average KIM-1 value before SWL was 0.74 ± 0.35 ng/mL, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (0.51 ± 0.14 ng/mL) (P < 0.001). Similarly, the average values of the urine samples after SWL were higher than those of the control group (P < 0.001). When the KIM-1 values of the patients given SWL were compared within the group, the KIM-1 values 1 hour (1.06 ± 0.51) and 1 day (0.99 ± 0.67) after the procedure were statistically clearly higher...

Background: there is limited study describing such stroke in tertiary level hospital experiences from developing countries like Bangladesh Objectives: The aim study is to evaluate the modifiable risk factors stroke in both young and old age group. Methods: A retrospective audit of medical records of all patients presenting between July 2011 to November 2012 with a stroke was conducted. Information about clinical presentation, modifiable risk factors laboratory and radiological investigations was collected. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS14.0. Results: O f total 183 cases 31 were young adults and 152 old patients between 18 to 100 years. Mean age young adult was 38.76 (± 6.379) and old age was 64.06 (± 11.238). 65.02% were male & 34.97% were female and the ratio was 1.9:1. Among patients majority had the Ischemic stroke in both age groups. In young age group 18 patients were diagnosed with ischemic stroke (58.06%) while 13 patients presented with hemorrhagic stroke (41.94%)....

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different intervals of the self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) on glycemic control in a selected type 2 diabetic population. Methods: Type 2 diabetic patients with disease duration >1 year who were on insulin treatment for at least 6 months and were already applying SMBG were included in the study. A total of 118 patients were enrolled and classified into groups based on SMBG frequencies as once in a week, once in two weeks, once in a month and not at all. At the end of the 12 weeks glycemic control was assessed with measured blood glucose and A1c levels. Results: After 3 months of monitorization, A1c levels significantly decreased in group 1 (p<0.005) and group 2 patients (p<0.05) and no change or even an increase was observed in other groups. Reported hypoglycemic events were rare in all patients. Conclusion: SMBG is important for the achievement of glycemic goals and simplifying SMBG may help to...

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of aminoguanidine treatment on dermal extracellular matrix protein expression and collagen structure in a diabetic rat model. Methods: Twelve Wistar Albino male rats were induced diabetes by streptozosin. Six rats were given aminoguanidine in drinking water; remaining 6 rats were followed as diabetic controls. Additional six rats were followed as healthy controls. After an 8-week follow-up period skin samples obtained and evaluated for light microscopy and immunohistochemistry for collagen IV and TGF- β. Results: Light microscopy revealed increase in basement membrane thickness, dermal edema, vascular membrane thickness, increase in endothelial proliferation and perivascular degeneration in diabetic rats. Immunohistochemical staining displayed reduction in collagen IV and TGF- β in diabetic group compared to others. All these changes were ameliorated with aminoguanidine treatment. Conclusion: This study confirms microscopi...

This study examined the perceptions of the efficacy of the Gülen educational initiative and provides an analysis of the educational viability of “Gülen-inspired” schools in Nigeria, which named “Nigerian-Turkish International Colleges (NTICs). This study used a qualitative methodology with case study approach in which 22 individuals participated, among them 3 administrators, 7 Nigerian/Turkish teachers, 8 students, and 4 parents. Interviews were conducted on a one-to-one basis and in small focus groups to elicit the lived experience of people involved with the schools. Data collection consisted beyond the interviews was collected through classroom observations as well. The study finds NTIC schools are successful in promoting academic achievement in an environment that also teaches sound values and acceptance of others through curriculum, school organization, and the quality of the people who work in the schools, people who are hardworking, giving, and dedicated to improving quality ...

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different intervals of the self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) on glycemic control in a selected type 2 diabetic population. Methods: Type 2 diabetic patients with disease duration >1 year who were on insulin treatment for at least 6 months and were already applying SMBG were included in the study. A total of 118 patients were enrolled and classified into groups based on SMBG frequencies as once in a week, once in two weeks, once in a month and not at all. At the end of the 12 weeks glycemic control was assessed with measured blood glucose and A1c levels. Results: After 3 months of monitorization, A1c levels significantly decreased in group 1 (p<0.005) and group 2 patients (p<0.05) and no change or even an increase was observed in other groups. Reported hypoglycemic events were rare in all patients. Conclusion: SMBG is important for the achievement of glycemic goals and simplifying SMBG may help to overcome...

To investigate the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and cluster of differentiation 95 in renal cell carcinomas having different clinico-pathological characteristics. The study entailed histopathological diagnoses carried out on paraffin blocks at the Department of Pathology of the Medical Hospital of Duzce University, Turkey, between 2005 and 2011. Immunohistochemical staining for cyclooxygenase-2 and cluster of differentiation 95was performed on tissue microarray using standard procedures. Each patient's age and gender as well as the tumour's grade, stage, diameter, ureteral surgical margins, vascular invasion, capsule invasion and subtype were assessed. In order to determine if the cases were still alive, relatives were telephoned and identity registration records were checked. SPSS 18 was used for statistical analysis. There were 49 paraffin blocks in the study.Significant correlations were found between cyclooxygenase-2 and tumour subtype (p=0.044) as well as between cyclo...

Correction of gynecomastia in males is a frequently performed aesthetic procedure. Various surgical options involving the removal of excess skin, fat, or glandular tissue have been described. However, poor aesthetic outcomes, including a flat or depressed pectoral area, limit the success of these techniques. The authors sought to determine patient satisfaction with the results of upper chest augmentation by direct intrapectoral fat injection in conjunction with surgical correction of gynecomastia. In this prospective study, 26 patients underwent liposuction and glandular excision, glandular excision alone, or Benelli-type skin excision. All patients received intramuscular fat injections in predetermined zones of the pectoralis major (PM). The mean volume of fat injected was 160 mL (range, 80-220 mL per breast) bilaterally. Patients were monitored for an average of 16 months (range, 8-24 months). Hematoma formation and consequent infraareolar depression was noted in 1 patient and was...

The purpose of this study was to diagnose the hypoxic impairment by Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), an advanced MR imaging technique, which could not be visualised by routine imaging methods in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). 20 OSA patients and 5 controls were included in this prospective research. MRS was performed on these 25 subjects to examine cerebral hypoxemia in specific regions (periventricular white matter and both hippocampi). Polysomnography was assumed as the gold standard. Statistical analysis was assessed by Mann-Whitney U test and Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve for NAA/Cho, NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr ratios. In the periventricular white matter, NAA/Cho ratio in OSA patients was significantly lower than in the control group (p<0.05). There were no statistical differences between the OSA and the control group for NAA/Cho, NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr ratios for both hippocampal regions. Additionally, Cho/Cr ratio in the periventricular white matter r...

To compare the diagnostic values of magnetic resonance imaging using Half Fourier Acquired Single Shot Turbo Spin Echo sequence and multidetector computed tomography in patients with pathologically examined pulmonary lesions. The retrospective, descriptive study was conducted at Radiology Department, Diskapi Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey, and comprised records of patients with pathologically examined pulmonary lesions between May 2009 and March 2012. Patients were divided into three groups and examined by both multidedector computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. During the imaging, patients were not administered any intravenous contrast medium. Electrocardiogram gating and breath holding were not performed in echo sequence. Pulmonary lesions were evaluated on the basis of their dimensions, numbers, differentiation from atelectasis and consolidation, invasion to the thoracic wall-mediastinal structures and presence of lymphadenopathies. Sensitivity of all patients wa...

Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy of Diffusion-Weighted Imaging (DWI) and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) mapping with different b-factors in visualisation of meniscal tears. Seventy-four patients; 30 males and 44 females, 37 left and 37 right knees with meniscal tears were involved in this study. Eleven of them were lateral meniscal tears and 63 - medial meniscal tears. DWI was obtained by 3D-SE Echo-planar Imaging (EPI) in coronal and sagittal planes. ADC mapping was carried out in coronal planes with b-factors of 50, 400, and 800 sec/mm(2). The statistical analysis of DWI and ADC mapping results was performed with the use of the Fisher's test and the chi-square test. 1. For both menisci and 74 tears: DWI revealed 86% sensitivity and 100% specificity (p=0.149) with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 1 and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 0.09. ADC mapping with b-value of 400 sec/mm(2) had 78% sensitivity, and 100% specificity, with PPV of 1 and NPV of 0.06 (p=0.2...

Zollinger-Ellison syndrome is characterized by elevated levels of serum gastrin associated with increased gastric acid secretion, gastrointestinal ulcerations and diarrhea. Most gastrinomas (75%) occur sporadically and are located within the gastrinoma triangle. Extraduodenal, extrapancreatic and extranodal gastrinomas have been shown in 5.6% of the patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome who underwent surgery. We report a 44-year-old female who had been complaining of nausea and diarrhea for 12 years. Abdominal computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging detected a homogeneous, regular-shaped 6 x 7 cm solid mass, located between the liver, right kidney and inferior vena cava. Somatostatin receptor positive scanning led us to investigate a neuroendocrine tumor. Serum gastrin level was found very high and the patient underwent surgery. Local excision of the tumor was performed, and an 8x6x5 cm, well-capsulated, solitary mass, originating from the common bile duct was removed....

Atherosclerosis and osteoporosis share some common pathophysiological pathways. Increase in oxidative stress and activation of cytokines that increase osteoclastogenesis were reported in postmenopausal period. The aim of this study was to determine the link between these two states. A total of 32 female adult Wistar albino rats were included in the study. Rats in control group were sham operated, vehicle group were ovariectomized and given 17.5%hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin. Rats in group III and IV were ovariectomized and given 17β-estradiol or raloxifene for 12 weeks, respectively. Aorta and tibia bone samples were collected. Tissue oxidative stress was determined via measurement of malondialdehyde levels and osteoprotegerin gene expression with RT-PCR. Ovariectomy increased MDA levels both in bone and aorta compared to sham operated rats. Use of 17β-estradiol or raloxifene did not create a significant difference compared to ovariectomized rats. Ovariectomy caused a significant dec...

Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy of Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI) and Constructive Interference Steady State (CISS) sequences in the depiction of lumbar disc hernias, including sequestrated and extruded discs. 100 patients; 35 males and 65 females, with 3 sequestration-16 extruded and 81 protruded all together 100 herniated discs were involved in this study. If a patient had more than one herniated disc, then the more precise herniation was included. All the MRI procedures were handled in Siemens Symphony Power 1.5 T. magnet. DWI- Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC mapping) and CISS sequences were obtained in axial planes. Statistical analysis of CISS and DWI results were analysed by fischer's test, chi square statistics. CISS sequence had a 89% sensitivity, 100% specificity for all lumbar disc hernias, had 100% sensitivity and specificity in the evaluation of sequestrated and extruded discs. DWI had a 77% sensitivity and %100 specificity, had 100% sensitivity and 50% specificity in the evaluation of extrusion, 100% sensitivity and specificity in the evaluation of sequestration. CISS sequence and quantitative DWI may be alternative imaging modalities to the routine MR imaging sequences in the depiction of lumbar disc hernias, including sequestration and extruded discs.

Cerebral vasospasm, especially delayed cerebral ischemia following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is the most important complication that effects mortality and morbidity of patients with intracranial aneurysms. The presence of cerebral vasospasm has been correlated with an increase in mortality in the first 2 weeks after SAH. Despite clinical studies and research, the etiopathogenesis of cerebral vasospasm is not understood exactly and there is not yet an effective therapy. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of application of lumber drainage on vasospasm and delayed cerebral infarction following SAH and to examine the incidence of complications. Patient groups were determined by retrospective screening of 70 patients who underwent a surgical operation at the Osmangazi University Medical Faculty Department of Neurosurgery between 2009 and 2013 after a diagnosis of ruptured aneurysmal SAH. After the application of lumbar drainage, the complications and mortality after a...

Epicardial adipose tissue has shown to be related to cardiovascular risk. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between epicardial adiposity and endothelial function in metabolic syndrome. Fifty patients with metabolic syndrome were recruited. Anthropometric measurements, fasting blood glucose, insulin, lipid profile, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), fibrinogen, apolipoprotein A (Apo A), Apo B1, and lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] were determined. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated. Epicardial fat thickness was measured via two-dimensional M-mode echocardiography. Endothelial function was assessed as flow-mediated dilatation at the brachial artery. Epicardial fat tissue thickness was shown to be correlated negatively with FMD and positively with age, diastolic blood pressure, hsCRP, fibrinogen, HOMA-IR, and lipid parameters. Multiple regression analysis showed epicardial fat tissue thickness to be an independent factor influencing the endothelial function. Epicardial fat tissue may be a useful parameter in the assessment of patients with metabolic syndrome.

Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) thickness is a novel cardiovascular risk indicator, whereas carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) is a known marker of subclinical atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to measure EAT thickness and CIMT in subclinical hypothyroid (SCH) patients and to determine the effect of restoration of the euthyroid state on these variables. The study included 43 patients with SCH (mean age: 35.2 ± 10.7 years; F-M ratio: 42:1) and 30 healthy controls (mean age: 34.5 ± 8.2 years; F-M ratio: 25:5). EAT thickness and CIMT were measured via conventional echocardiography and ultrasonography. Among the patients, 23 were followed up with L-thyroxine replacement until restoration of the euthyroid state and re-evaluated 6 months after baseline. Basal EAT thickness was higher in the SCH patients than in the controls (3.2 ± 0.7 vs. 2.3 ± 0.3 mm-p < 0.0001), whereas CIMT was similar in both groups (0.50 ± 0.09 vs. 0.48 ± 0.04 mm). EAT thickness was correlated with CIMT in the patient group (r = 0.39, p = 0.01), but this correlation was not evident based on multivariate analysis when corrected for age and body mass index (r (2) = 0.47 and p = 0.0001 for the model). In the follow-up patient subgroup, both EAT thickness and CIMT decreased significantly following L-thyroxine treatment, when normal TSH levels were attained (3.4 ± 0.7 vs. 2.3 ± 0.5 mm-p = 0.007 and 0.51 ± 0.09 vs. 0.46 ± 0.07 mm-p = 0.01, respectively). EAT thickness was greater in the SCH patients than in controls, whereas CIMT was similar in both groups. Restoration of the euthyroid state with L-thyroxine treatment was associated with significant decreases in EAT thickness and CIMT in the group of patients that received L-thyroxine treatment and, as such, might reduce the cardiovascular risk associated with SCH.

This article is primarily based on the utility and validity of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis and staging of prostate gland tumors. Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging is an emerging, useful approach for evaluating and detecting prostate cancers. It also aids in the management of a tumor and improve the care and follow-up of patients.

To understand the utility of Diffusion-weighted MR imaging (DWI) in the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. DWI can analyse the major manifestations of acute pancreatitis without any contrast agent use and may replace Abdominal CT and routine Pancreas MRI as a primary investigation tool for acute pancreatitis.