Background/Rationale: With the increased focus on interprofessional health education (IPHE), ther... more Background/Rationale: With the increased focus on interprofessional health education (IPHE), there is a significant need to accurately evaluate program outcomes. One commonly addressed outcome is student attitudes toward the learning experience. There is evidence to suggest that student attitudes impact behavior and that many pre-licensure health professions students enter their program with stereotypical views of other professions and of IPHE. Surveys of student attitudes, using a tool such as the Interdisciplinary Education Perception Scale, can provide information regarding positive and negative attitudes toward IPHE, but are inadequate to capture the complexity of the IPHE process. Qualitative research can provide a rich description of components of these attitudes, but lacks the objective data provided by survey methodology. The most effective evaluation of student attitude toward IPHE combines the two methodological approaches. Methods: This presentation will discuss the evaluative methods used in two IPHE programs at two universities, using a mixed method approach to identify specific components of student attitudes toward IPHE. Attitude surveys are given to groups of students at both universities. These are followed by qualitative methods including interviews, focus groups, and observation. Results: All data are analyzed to determine components of both positive and negative attitudes as well as commonalities from both schools. Conclusions: Outcomes of this project will help educators better understand the process of interprofessional education, which may lead to improve curricula decisions. Outcomes will also help strengthen cross-university collaborative IPHE programs. Research/ Innovation Focus: This presentation uses two research projects to demonstrate methods of IPHE evaluation.
The American journal of occupational therapy : official publication of the American Occupational Therapy Association
Client satisfaction, a widely used outcome indicator of quality in health care, is inherently cli... more Client satisfaction, a widely used outcome indicator of quality in health care, is inherently client centered and important in occupational therapy. We developed an instrument called the Satisfaction With Continuum of Care Revised (SCC-R) and tested a logistic regression model of satisfaction for six predictive research questions. Data collected from 769 clients from a large rehabilitation hospital using the SCC-R were paired with data that included demographics, functional status, and measures of the rehabilitation including occupational therapy. Satisfaction was stratified into two groups, satisfied and dissatisfied. The most robust and consistent predictors of satisfaction were functional status and improvements in functional status, presence of a neurological disorder, total rehabilitation hours, and admission to rehabilitation within 15 days of condition onset. The finding that improvements in functional status, especially self-care, were predictive of satisfaction is particula...
The purpose of this grounded theory study was to generate a theory of the interprofessional colla... more The purpose of this grounded theory study was to generate a theory of the interprofessional collaborative learning process of occupational therapy (OT) students who were engaged in a collaborative learning experience with students from other allied health disciplines. Data consisted of semi-structured interviews with nine OT students from four different interprofessional collaborative learning experiences at three universities. The emergent theory explained OT students' need to build a culture of mutual respect among disciplines in order to facilitate interprofessional collaborative learning. Occupational therapy students went through a progression of learned skills that included learning how to represent the profession of OT, hold their weight within a team situation, solve problems collaboratively, work as a team, and ultimately, to work in an actual team in practice. This learning process occurred simultaneously as students also learned course content. The students had to contend with barriers and facilitators that influenced their participation and the success of their collaboration. Understanding the interprofessional learning process of OT students will help allied health faculty to design more effective, inclusive interprofessional courses.
The purpose of this study was to investigate how the environment influenced the intervention choi... more The purpose of this study was to investigate how the environment influenced the intervention choices occupational therapists made for patients recovering from a stroke in an inpatient rehabilitation hospital. Three occupational therapists were observed providing intervention for six patients over a 16-month period. Treatment spaces included a therapy gym, gym with kitchen combination, and a home-like space. Furniture was added to the therapy gym to be more home-like midway through the study. Observations included therapist selection of treatment location and interventions, and observational data of the environment and interactions among therapists and patients. This study found that inpatient rehabilitation environments did influence interventions. The occupational therapists provided therapy in the standard therapy gym environment most often, whether it was enhanced to be more home-like or not, and predominately used preparatory methods.
ABSTRACT This paper describes the purposeful integration of dynamical systems theory, the occupat... more ABSTRACT This paper describes the purposeful integration of dynamical systems theory, the occupational therapy task-oriented approach, and Framework II to inform clinical reasoning. Dynamical systems theory provides the clinician with information about how systems interact to influence motor behavior. The task-oriented approach helps the practitioner to clinically improve motor behavior. Framework II gives the clinician guidance in terms of scope of practice and an overarching goal of intervention. Ideological similarities between these three resources for clinical reasoning include client-centeredness, an emphasis on occupation, and interaction between person, task, and environment. The process of clinical reasoning is illustrated using an integrated practice model applied to a clinical example of an adult with a hand injury requiring transfer of hand dominance.
Neuro-occupation is an emerging concept in occupational therapy. The concept of neuro-occupation ... more Neuro-occupation is an emerging concept in occupational therapy. The concept of neuro-occupation provides a basis to understand how the nervous system is intertwined with all aspects of occupational performance. This paper uses the framework of neuro-occupation to link a neurological system, the reticular activating system (RAS), to the performance of self-care by patients in an intensive care setting. This correlation is made because the RAS is responsible for organizing sensory information. Inappropriate amounts of stimulation effect the RAS and result in sensory deprivation or sensory overload, which negatively impacts occupational performance. Implications for occupational therapy practice are also addressed.
The ability to generate, absorb, and transmit forces through the proximal segments of the pelvi... more The ability to generate, absorb, and transmit forces through the proximal segments of the pelvis, spine, and trunk has been proposed to influence sport performance, yet traditional training techniques targeting the proximal segments have had limited success improving sport-specific performance. To investigate the effects of a traditional endurance-training program and a sport-specific power-training program targeting the proximal segments of the muscles that support the proximal segments and throwing velocity. Randomized controlled clinical trial. University research laboratory and gymnasium. A total of 46 (age = 20 ± 1.3 years, height = 175.7 ± 8.7 cm) healthy, National Collegiate Athletic Association Division III female softball (n = 17) and male baseball (n = 29) players. Blocked stratification for sex and position was used to randomly assign participants to 1 of 2 training groups for 7 weeks: a traditional endurance-training group (ET group; n = 21) or a power-stabil...
The ability to generate, absorb, and transmit forces through the proximal segments of the pelvi... more The ability to generate, absorb, and transmit forces through the proximal segments of the pelvis, spine, and trunk has been proposed to influence sport performance, yet traditional training techniques targeting the proximal segments have had limited success improving sport-specific performance. To investigate the effects of a traditional endurance-training program and a sport-specific power-training program targeting the proximal segments of the muscles that support the proximal segments and throwing velocity. Randomized controlled clinical trial. University research laboratory and gymnasium. A total of 46 (age = 20 ± 1.3 years, height = 175.7 ± 8.7 cm) healthy, National Collegiate Athletic Association Division III female softball (n = 17) and male baseball (n = 29) players. Blocked stratification for sex and position was used to randomly assign participants to 1 of 2 training groups for 7 weeks: a traditional endurance-training group (ET group; n = 21) or a power-stabil...
Evaluating change in patients over time can be challenging to any health care provider. Response ... more Evaluating change in patients over time can be challenging to any health care provider. Response shift theory is based on the change typology of alpha, beta, and gamma change and proposes that residual changes in self-response measures occur over time. These changes are the result of recalibration, reconceptualization, and reprioritization of internal standards and references utilized for self-appraisal. Failing to account for response shift may result in over- or under-reporting of true physiologic change. The purpose of this paper is to review the components of response shift, identify research designs used to detect it, and present a model for its practical application to rehabilitation of both acute and chronic disabilities. Awareness of response shifts throughout the rehabilitation process may be beneficial in guiding patient goal-setting, treatment, and education. Of particular emphasis is the role that the rehabilitation specialist can have in using the response shift process...
Background/Rationale: With the increased focus on interprofessional health education (IPHE), ther... more Background/Rationale: With the increased focus on interprofessional health education (IPHE), there is a significant need to accurately evaluate program outcomes. One commonly addressed outcome is student attitudes toward the learning experience. There is evidence to suggest that student attitudes impact behavior and that many pre-licensure health professions students enter their program with stereotypical views of other professions and of IPHE. Surveys of student attitudes, using a tool such as the Interdisciplinary Education Perception Scale, can provide information regarding positive and negative attitudes toward IPHE, but are inadequate to capture the complexity of the IPHE process. Qualitative research can provide a rich description of components of these attitudes, but lacks the objective data provided by survey methodology. The most effective evaluation of student attitude toward IPHE combines the two methodological approaches. Methods: This presentation will discuss the evaluative methods used in two IPHE programs at two universities, using a mixed method approach to identify specific components of student attitudes toward IPHE. Attitude surveys are given to groups of students at both universities. These are followed by qualitative methods including interviews, focus groups, and observation. Results: All data are analyzed to determine components of both positive and negative attitudes as well as commonalities from both schools. Conclusions: Outcomes of this project will help educators better understand the process of interprofessional education, which may lead to improve curricula decisions. Outcomes will also help strengthen cross-university collaborative IPHE programs. Research/ Innovation Focus: This presentation uses two research projects to demonstrate methods of IPHE evaluation.
The American journal of occupational therapy : official publication of the American Occupational Therapy Association
Client satisfaction, a widely used outcome indicator of quality in health care, is inherently cli... more Client satisfaction, a widely used outcome indicator of quality in health care, is inherently client centered and important in occupational therapy. We developed an instrument called the Satisfaction With Continuum of Care Revised (SCC-R) and tested a logistic regression model of satisfaction for six predictive research questions. Data collected from 769 clients from a large rehabilitation hospital using the SCC-R were paired with data that included demographics, functional status, and measures of the rehabilitation including occupational therapy. Satisfaction was stratified into two groups, satisfied and dissatisfied. The most robust and consistent predictors of satisfaction were functional status and improvements in functional status, presence of a neurological disorder, total rehabilitation hours, and admission to rehabilitation within 15 days of condition onset. The finding that improvements in functional status, especially self-care, were predictive of satisfaction is particula...
The purpose of this grounded theory study was to generate a theory of the interprofessional colla... more The purpose of this grounded theory study was to generate a theory of the interprofessional collaborative learning process of occupational therapy (OT) students who were engaged in a collaborative learning experience with students from other allied health disciplines. Data consisted of semi-structured interviews with nine OT students from four different interprofessional collaborative learning experiences at three universities. The emergent theory explained OT students' need to build a culture of mutual respect among disciplines in order to facilitate interprofessional collaborative learning. Occupational therapy students went through a progression of learned skills that included learning how to represent the profession of OT, hold their weight within a team situation, solve problems collaboratively, work as a team, and ultimately, to work in an actual team in practice. This learning process occurred simultaneously as students also learned course content. The students had to contend with barriers and facilitators that influenced their participation and the success of their collaboration. Understanding the interprofessional learning process of OT students will help allied health faculty to design more effective, inclusive interprofessional courses.
The purpose of this study was to investigate how the environment influenced the intervention choi... more The purpose of this study was to investigate how the environment influenced the intervention choices occupational therapists made for patients recovering from a stroke in an inpatient rehabilitation hospital. Three occupational therapists were observed providing intervention for six patients over a 16-month period. Treatment spaces included a therapy gym, gym with kitchen combination, and a home-like space. Furniture was added to the therapy gym to be more home-like midway through the study. Observations included therapist selection of treatment location and interventions, and observational data of the environment and interactions among therapists and patients. This study found that inpatient rehabilitation environments did influence interventions. The occupational therapists provided therapy in the standard therapy gym environment most often, whether it was enhanced to be more home-like or not, and predominately used preparatory methods.
ABSTRACT This paper describes the purposeful integration of dynamical systems theory, the occupat... more ABSTRACT This paper describes the purposeful integration of dynamical systems theory, the occupational therapy task-oriented approach, and Framework II to inform clinical reasoning. Dynamical systems theory provides the clinician with information about how systems interact to influence motor behavior. The task-oriented approach helps the practitioner to clinically improve motor behavior. Framework II gives the clinician guidance in terms of scope of practice and an overarching goal of intervention. Ideological similarities between these three resources for clinical reasoning include client-centeredness, an emphasis on occupation, and interaction between person, task, and environment. The process of clinical reasoning is illustrated using an integrated practice model applied to a clinical example of an adult with a hand injury requiring transfer of hand dominance.
Neuro-occupation is an emerging concept in occupational therapy. The concept of neuro-occupation ... more Neuro-occupation is an emerging concept in occupational therapy. The concept of neuro-occupation provides a basis to understand how the nervous system is intertwined with all aspects of occupational performance. This paper uses the framework of neuro-occupation to link a neurological system, the reticular activating system (RAS), to the performance of self-care by patients in an intensive care setting. This correlation is made because the RAS is responsible for organizing sensory information. Inappropriate amounts of stimulation effect the RAS and result in sensory deprivation or sensory overload, which negatively impacts occupational performance. Implications for occupational therapy practice are also addressed.
The ability to generate, absorb, and transmit forces through the proximal segments of the pelvi... more The ability to generate, absorb, and transmit forces through the proximal segments of the pelvis, spine, and trunk has been proposed to influence sport performance, yet traditional training techniques targeting the proximal segments have had limited success improving sport-specific performance. To investigate the effects of a traditional endurance-training program and a sport-specific power-training program targeting the proximal segments of the muscles that support the proximal segments and throwing velocity. Randomized controlled clinical trial. University research laboratory and gymnasium. A total of 46 (age = 20 ± 1.3 years, height = 175.7 ± 8.7 cm) healthy, National Collegiate Athletic Association Division III female softball (n = 17) and male baseball (n = 29) players. Blocked stratification for sex and position was used to randomly assign participants to 1 of 2 training groups for 7 weeks: a traditional endurance-training group (ET group; n = 21) or a power-stabil...
The ability to generate, absorb, and transmit forces through the proximal segments of the pelvi... more The ability to generate, absorb, and transmit forces through the proximal segments of the pelvis, spine, and trunk has been proposed to influence sport performance, yet traditional training techniques targeting the proximal segments have had limited success improving sport-specific performance. To investigate the effects of a traditional endurance-training program and a sport-specific power-training program targeting the proximal segments of the muscles that support the proximal segments and throwing velocity. Randomized controlled clinical trial. University research laboratory and gymnasium. A total of 46 (age = 20 ± 1.3 years, height = 175.7 ± 8.7 cm) healthy, National Collegiate Athletic Association Division III female softball (n = 17) and male baseball (n = 29) players. Blocked stratification for sex and position was used to randomly assign participants to 1 of 2 training groups for 7 weeks: a traditional endurance-training group (ET group; n = 21) or a power-stabil...
Evaluating change in patients over time can be challenging to any health care provider. Response ... more Evaluating change in patients over time can be challenging to any health care provider. Response shift theory is based on the change typology of alpha, beta, and gamma change and proposes that residual changes in self-response measures occur over time. These changes are the result of recalibration, reconceptualization, and reprioritization of internal standards and references utilized for self-appraisal. Failing to account for response shift may result in over- or under-reporting of true physiologic change. The purpose of this paper is to review the components of response shift, identify research designs used to detect it, and present a model for its practical application to rehabilitation of both acute and chronic disabilities. Awareness of response shifts throughout the rehabilitation process may be beneficial in guiding patient goal-setting, treatment, and education. Of particular emphasis is the role that the rehabilitation specialist can have in using the response shift process...
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