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The efficient and sustainable management of waste parts has become a major concern in many modern... more The efficient and sustainable management of waste parts has become a major concern in many modern industrial facilities. These facilities face challenges in controlling, managing, and minimising the waste generated during the routine turnover of spare parts. In an effort to address these issues, this research analyses spare part waste, develops criteria for spare part waste, and implements it into a Computerised Maintenance Management System (CMMS) to improve spare part waste management in industrial facilities. This research analyses spare part waste in a particular industrial sector, involves a survey of the existing spare part waste management process to design a CMMS along with adding modules and identifying where spare part waste management can be applied to a CMMS so as to obtain recommendations for implementing spare part waste management in CMMS. The results showed that the addition of spare parts waste management modules to the CMMS through the spare parts management function in industrial facilities can be carried out and produce output. By applying the right analysis criteria, it can identify which spare parts can actually be reused, sold, or recycled. This research highlights the importance of CMMS implementation in spare parts waste management in industrial facilities. The results provide guidance for similar facilities to improve waste management efficiency and reduce environmental impact and unnecessary operational costs.
Cancer has become a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Adamawa, Nigeria and the world at l... more Cancer has become a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Adamawa, Nigeria and the world at large. Despite the threat cancer poses to the world, less attentions is giving to the menace compared to the other public health issues such as corona Virus that the world stood up and fought it. Research was conducted on 1,168 registered cancer patients in Adamawa state, Nigeria. Systematic random sampling was used to extract demographic information such as age, sex, marital status, level of education, occupation, date of first diagnoses. Data were analyzed using percentages, mean and modified negative binomial regression Model that was used which was later compared to the based model Poisson and the classical negative binomial model. It was discovered that the modified negative binomial regression model significantly outperformed both the based and classical model. It was further discovered that 92% of the confirmed cases survived the treatment with only 8% of the mortality recorded from the confirmed cases. 35% mortality were recorded from the 112 (65%) of the pending cases that were yet to be confirmed. This mortality which seems to be high in patients with pending cases were due to the lost in follow up from the patients. Surgery was discovered to be the best method for the treatment of cancer followed by the combinations of treatments. Lastly, it was discovered that Age influence the expected log count of the topography of cancer outcome of treatment by-0.1173, Sex influence the expected log count of the topographer of cancer treatment outcome by-0.2598, Educational status influence expected log count of the outcome of the treatment by 0.0369, Treatment type influence the expected log count of the topography of the outcome of the treatment of cancer by-0.0416. In conclusion, the risk factors to successful treatment of cancer in Adamawa includes the in ability to dictate cancer on time, lack of follow up with the treatment from the patients, treatment type and age of the patients as well the sex. I.
In this paper, we have developed a new continued fraction using the pierce expansion which is cal... more In this paper, we have developed a new continued fraction using the pierce expansion which is called the pierce continued fraction. There are several applications of continued fractions and one important application is the approximation to the square root problem. In our work, we have introduced new convergent sequences to solve this problem using pierce continued fraction. The convergent rate of these two continued fractions is different from each other. Furthermore, an algorithm was developed using matlab programmed to find the pierce continued fraction. As a future work we hope to construct a new approach to solve the pelle's equation.
A differential equation symmetry is a change that joins any solution to another solution of the s... more A differential equation symmetry is a change that joins any solution to another solution of the structure. Lie groups and their infinitesimal generators can be naturally prolonged to act on the space of independent variables. In this paper, we present analysis of Lie symmetry to solve a nonlinear ODE of an electric power flow model which is of form (, , ! , ‼ , ‼!) =. The search study uses Lie Symmetry analysis method to transform the equation by subjecting it to an extension generator and obtain determining equations, by reducing equations to lower order and find a general solution of the third order nonlinear heat conduction from the invariance related potential system under scaling. We exploited the use of prolongations (extended transformations), infinitesimal generators , variation of symmetries, adjoint symmetries, invariant transformation problems and integrating factors. Indexed Terms-prolongations (extended transformations), infinitesimal generators, variation of symmetries, adjoint symmetries, invariant transformation problems and integrating factors. I.
Designing buildings and its environment to accommodate the various needs of their intended users ... more Designing buildings and its environment to accommodate the various needs of their intended users is a laudable. However, the requirement that all people's needs, wants, and objectives has to be met without isolating any group of people has always been a challenge to those in charge of the construction of public structures, such as architects and other allied built environment professionals. This has therefore brought about the entrance of universal design concept into the design fields. The targets of universal designs are accessibility, usability and enlarging the categories of users to include everyone. The study surveyed 3 different public buildings in various areas of Lagos metropolis. 60 respondents were served, equally among the 3 surveyed buildings. A total of 54 responses from the survey were considered as valid while 6 responses were considered invalid due to various degree of ambiguities. Findings from the study revealed that accessibility as a core feature of universal design is being poorly managed in most of the facilities surveyed, with a slight majority of respondents also agreeing that most facilities surveyed conforms to universal design principles to an extent. Furthermore, majority of the users affirms that on the average, the integration of universal design features within the facilities surveyed seems flexible and seamless while averagely also the universal design features are efficient and effective. However, majority of the respondents rate low, the adequacy of universal design features in terms of provision in most of the surveyed facilities. The study averred that since users and designers are now more conversant with the principles of universal designs, users consider most of the universal design provisions of the surveyed buildings averagely effective in meeting their needs. Thereafter the study concludes that universal design propositions are important in the design of public buildings, as this minimizes danger in terms of use. Thus, the study recommends that there is a need to be proactive in the adoption and implementation of universal design principles in public buildings. Thus, finally the study recommends that since universal design principles are of great importance in a public building hence its adoption should be encouraged.
The prevalence of Vesico Vaginal Fistula (VVF) is frequently underestimated due to its shallow kn... more The prevalence of Vesico Vaginal Fistula (VVF) is frequently underestimated due to its shallow knowledge, yet it remains a major public health challenge, especially in developing countries. This paper investigated the prevalence of Vesicovaginal Fistula in Kebbi State. The data collected were obtained through a descriptive survey design with the aid of a simple random sampling (SRS) procedure, eleven (11) local governments were used out of twenty-one (21) local governments area of Kebbi State of Nigeria with self-administered questionnaires. Descriptive Statistics and a test of independence were used in the analysis of the data. The result showed that the prevalence of patients with VVF was 43.1% relative to non-patients, and this was substantially high. The mean age of the respondents that experienced VVF was between 20-24 years and most of the VVF cases were experienced at the first birth or delivery. There were more housewives than civil servants (55.6% vs 24%) in the study. The highest number of respondents were from Birrin Kebbi local government. More than half (63.6%) of the respondents do not have knowledge about VVF which could be a strong factor in the prevalence of VVF in the study area. The study revealed that prolonged obstructive labor, female genital mutilation (FGM), early marriage, and mode of deliveries were all significant to VVF (with respective p-values 0
The study investigated the influence of political and economic factors on quality of secondary sc... more The study investigated the influence of political and economic factors on quality of secondary schools in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Three research questions were raised and answered, two hypotheses were formulated and tested. Descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The population consisted of all school principals, vice-principals and students in senior secondary schools II in Ibadan, 667 respondents were drawn all together for the study (the Viceprincipals and students). The main instruments used for the study was a self-developed questionnaires titled Political and Economic factors Questionnaire (PEFQ), Student Achievement Test (SAT) and Key Informant Interview. The two instruments yielded 0.78 and 0.83 reliability coefficient. Descriptive statistical tools of frequency counts and simple percentages were used to analyze the demographic data and research question one and two while inferential statistics of multiple regression analysis was used to test the two hypotheses at 0.05 level of significant. The result revealed that there is significant composite contribution of political and economic factors to quality of secondary schools (F(2,665) = 606.066 P = 0.000) and there is significant relative contribution of political and economic factors to quality of secondary schools ß = (0.167), t(667) = 2.002p<0.05 and ß = (0.164), t(667) = 2.547p<0.05. The study concluded that political and economic factors have a significant influence on quality of secondary schools.
Musculoskeletal disorders cover a large percentage of occupational diseases; therefore, in order ... more Musculoskeletal disorders cover a large percentage of occupational diseases; therefore, in order to protect welders from such disorders, there is need to evaluate their positions at work in different workplaces. The study assessed the state of ergonomics in all its ramifications of a welding workplace with focus on those musculoskeletal disorders that could be associated with working posture. Fifteen welding workplaces were investigated among which fifty (50) welders were examined. The questionnaire drawn from the checklist of suggested ergonomic questions was used for data collection and the posture analysis technique known as Exposure Assessment Method was equally employed to determine whether or not a welder uses postures likely to have adverse effects on health and productivity. Statistical tests were carried out using samples of workers and their facilities. The assessment shows that working posture is highly responsible for the onset of musculoskeletal disorders during welding. The result obtained in this study agrees with the already established fact (NIOSH, 1997), that interactions among other occupational risk factors such as workstation design, repetitive task, manual material handling, tool handle design and job/task design contribute to determining the type of posture adopted, which if maintained for a long period of time, lead to musculoskeletal injuries, poor quality of work and low productivity.
This article explains how learning disability affect on one's ability to know or use spoken affec... more This article explains how learning disability affect on one's ability to know or use spoken affects on one's ability to know or use spoken or communication, do mathematical calculations, coordinate movements or direct attention learning disabilities are ignored, unnoticed and unanswered such children's needs are not met in regular classes. They needed special attention in classrooms. Learning disability is a big challenge for student in learning environment. The teacher's role is very important for identifying the learning disability. Some common causes and symptoms are there for children with learning disability. The classroom and teacher leads to main important role in identification and to overcome their disabilities.
This paper aims at revealing how the student struggles in the field of reading due to dyslexia. D... more This paper aims at revealing how the student struggles in the field of reading due to dyslexia. Dyslexia readers lack the ability to comprehend due to poor word attacks skills their sight word vocabulary is very limited. They also often exhibit poor listening skills due to developed language knowledge and comprehension. Reading is generally perceived as a multidimensional skill involving perceptual, linguistic, cognitive and motivational components. Attempts towards a developmental framework for understanding reading are relatively recent. This paper provides a comprehensive account of reading acquisition and how knowledge of the acquisition process can enhance understanding of dyslexia.
This paper proposes an automated target classification algorithm using Soft Computing Technique t... more This paper proposes an automated target classification algorithm using Soft Computing Technique to extract feature vectors for craniofacial features in cephalometric radiograph. The proposed work is based on image segmentation and classification technique, using Top-Hat filter and soft computing technique. The pre-processing includes Histogram Equalization [HE] to improve the contrast level. The pre-processed image is then segmented for image analysis. Segmentation will extract small elements and details. The features are extracted by subjecting the radiography to the Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix [GLCM] algorithm. The resultants are the frontend of support vector machine. Vectors, which posse's landmarks, are separated from all other vectors. The centroid points, automatically determined from GLCM feature vectors, are the location of landmarks. The landmark points which are serving as a guide for construction and measurement of planes. The resultant segmentation, are the frontend of Convolutional Neural Network [CNN], classifies the normal cephalometric dental image into abnormal cephalometric dental image. According to the performance evaluation of SVM, accuracy and sensitivity of the classification were automatically estimated using True Positive [TP], False Positive [FP], False Negative [FN], and True Negative [TN]. The accuracy of CNN is, number of correct predictions divided by total number of predictions. Finally results of the classification, which has 92.6% accuracy for Non-linear kernel and 70% accuracy for linear kernel of SVM and CNN classifier, gives 78.01% accuracy. The performance measurement of soft computing, are used to evaluate the dento-facial relationship, study of growth and development, and also for treatment planning. I.
Industrial contamination of water bodies due to discharges of untreated or partially treated effl... more Industrial contamination of water bodies due to discharges of untreated or partially treated effluent is a major problem occurring in many developing countries like Nigeria. 'This study surveys how effluents discharged from Emene industrial area of Enugu in Nigeria have impacted on the receiving Ekulu River. Laboratory analysis of samples were carried out. First sample was collected at the point where the river receives the industrial effluent. The second sample was collected at the upstream point to serve as the control. I3oth samples were analysed at Enugu State water corporation water analysis laboratory. Physiochemical and biological parameters were used in the analysis of the samples. The results were statistically analysed to show that there is significant difference between the point of receiving the effluent in the river and the upstream point. This manifested in the presence of high concentration at the receiving point. of the river of various parameters used in the analysis. The implication of this is the alteration primarily in the physiochemical and biological constitution of the water, which invariably impacted on various areas affecting the flora and fauna as well as human domestic and industrial usages. Appropriate treatment of the effluent before discharging among other measures have been recommended.
This work examined some physicochemical parameters of effluents from a Brewery Industry in Port H... more This work examined some physicochemical parameters of effluents from a Brewery Industry in Port Harcourt. This company discharged effluent in non-compliance with the Nigerian National Regulations as confirmed from the Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) having 11.6 for sample 1, 10.8 for sample 2 and 7.3 for sample 3 and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) ranging from 11.6 for sample 1, 10.8 for sample 2 and 7.3 for sample 3. From the results of the elemental analysis of the Industrial effluent of the company, the values for Cd, Cr, Pb and Fe did not fall within the range of the limit set by WHO. The study has shown that the Brewery Industry effluent had their BOD, COD, pH and Colour above the required WHO standard. This undoubtedly has negative impacts both on the environment and living things including humans. Since the results of analyses have shown that the Brewery Industry effluents are not well treated, it has been recommended that Regulatory agencies of states and Nigeria should monitor and ensure compliance of proper effluent treatment by Industries. These confirmed results posed health risks to several rural communities which rely on the receiving water bodies as their primary source of domestic water. There is need for the intervention of appropriate regulatory agencies to ensure production of high quality treated final effluents. This scenario is typical of most industries in developing nations where enforcement of environmental regulations is deficient. To avoid pollution, Regulatory Authorities should closely monitor compliance by industries.
The study investigated the impact of open dumpsite leachate on groundwater quality by examining t... more The study investigated the impact of open dumpsite leachate on groundwater quality by examining the physical and chemical properties of groundwater within the vicinity of Oyigbo in Rivers State, Nigeria. Physical and chemical analysis of groundwater samples from three (3) boreholes which constitutes a major source of water for domestic purpose was carried out to assess the quality in view of the proximity of the wells to open solid waste disposal sites. Results show that the water is weakly acidic with pH level ranging from 5.4-6.23; a very soft groundwater with Total Hardness ranging from 1.5-7 mg and low in Total Dissolve Solids (TDS) from 5-55 mg/l. Results from other chemical parameters tested are Clˉ ranging from 50-100 mg/l, SO4 2has 0.01-1.54 mg/l, ΝO3 ranging from 0.035-0.104 mg/l, Total Suspended Solid (TSS) ranging from 0.1-0.3 mg/l, Chromium with 1.08-4.52 mg/l, Cadmium having 0.01-0.03 mg/l, Lead ranging from 0.1-0.39 mg/l, Iron with 0.95-1.53 mg/l, BOD ranging from 9.8-12.8 mg/l, COD with 153.57-171.37 mg/l and DO ranging from 7.1-10 mg/l. The parameters exceeding the allowable limit of WHO standards include Cadmium, Lead, Iron, Chromium, COD, DO and BOD, all major ions revealed concentration within the acceptable limit of the WHO standard. The impacts of indiscriminate dumping activity on groundwater appeared most clearly as high concentrations of Cadmium, Lead, Iron, Chromium, COD, DO and BOD were detected. The study has revealed that the groundwater quality near dumping sites does not conform to the drinking water quality as per WHO standard. The results confirm the need for determining safe distances between wells and waste disposal sites to abate groundwater pollution.
Sustainability Education is often referred to as Education for Sustainable Development (ESD), whi... more Sustainability Education is often referred to as Education for Sustainable Development (ESD), which has been defined as: UNESCO, 2014. "Education for Sustainable Development allows every human being to acquire the knowledge, skills, attitudes and values necessary to shape a sustainable future. Education for Sustainable Development means, including key sustainable development issues into teaching and learning; for example, Pollution control, climate change, disaster risk reduction, biodiversity, poverty reduction, and sustainable consumption. It also requires participatory teaching and learning methods that motivate and empower learners to change their behavior and take action for sustainable development. Education for Sustainable Development consequently promotes competencies like critical thinking, imagining future scenarios and making decisions in a collaborative way. Education for Sustainable Development requires far-reaching changes in the way education is often practiced today." Pollution is the introduction of substances that contaminates natural environment and cause adverse changes. The addition of unwant¬ed material or energy in a particular environment in concentration greater than the normal renders the environment partially or wholly unfavorable for human life. Pollution control efforts by federal, State, regional, and municipal agencies and by industry have expanded tremendously within the past few years. That this increased effort is a reflection of elevated public understanding of the problem and rising public insistence upon action is inescapable. Through all media of mass communication, through the efforts of public service organizations, and through the actions and pronouncements of public officials at all levels of government, the popular desire for better control of pollution is being expressed with mounting frequency and increasing impact. This fact, in addition to generating an unprecedented expansion in control activity, requires that communication between the individuals and agencies responsible for air pollution control and the citizen, to whom this responsibility is owed, be open, comprehensive, and forthright. Any other response to the need for public information and education concerning the problem of pollution must in the long run seriously jeopardize the pollution control effort. I.
Before investing in a company, an investor will look into the firm values. The firm value become ... more Before investing in a company, an investor will look into the firm values. The firm value become the crucial factor since they represent the reputation of the owners and the shareholders. This study aims to discover the effect of profitability, capital structure, and dividend policy on firm value. The purposive sampling was the method used in this study, and there were thirty-five of forty-five companies in LQ45 which met the determined criteria. The panel data regression with a controlled variable of the firm size, age, and growth was used to analyze data. The finding showed that profitability significantly and positively affects firm value. The capital structure did not influence the firm value, and the dividend policy had a negative, significant effect on the firm value.
The design involves the establishment of a Proportional and Integral (PI) control system from a l... more The design involves the establishment of a Proportional and Integral (PI) control system from a linear mathematical model using some primary module transfer functions. All parameters are fed into a MATLAB command window to compute the transfer function for each module, and the overall closed-loop transfer function of the system. The tuned parameters are then tested in the linear system before applying to the non-linear synchronous generator circuits, modelled for a grid power system. The tuned Controller is used to feedback a voltage component of the reactive power output, when compared to a reference value, to an excitation system. The output of this is then channelled to the generator as d.c. voltage pulses to observe its stability. Linear and non-linear output plots are obtained. This research work uses MATLAB R2015a version.
Electric fault occurs as a result of insulation breakdown in either generation, transmission or d... more Electric fault occurs as a result of insulation breakdown in either generation, transmission or distribution system, power systems at various stages experience distinct level of instability which amounts to system unreliability. This research is focused on evaluating electric power faults with the aim of determining its type and effect on the people of Beneku, Abragada and Abor communities in Niger Delta. The 33kV distribution networks in each of the afore-stated communities were duly investigated and classification was based on collated network parameters and fault occurrence. The proceed of the evaluation justified and validated the fact that single line to ground fault (SLGF) is the most prevalent and three phase balanced fault is least prevalent in power systems analysis. The numerical method of Newton-Raphson was used to determine the fault currents and line impedances of the respective feeders based on phases, while electrical transient analyzer program (ETAP) simulation software was used to implement all the analysis conducted. The magnitude of the fault current for SLGF on phase A for Beneku, Abragada and Abor communities were found be. ∠ − .°,. ∠ − .° and. ∠ − .° with zero line impedances. Upon successful evaluation and classification, it was observed that the people of Beneku, Abragada and Abor communities suffer long and frequent power outage as a result of time lag in fault location identification. As a way of curbing this menace, the low resistance method of fault location identifier technique was suggested due to its cost effectiveness to enable electrical engineers tackle fault problem as quick as possible.
The efficient and sustainable management of waste parts has become a major concern in many modern... more The efficient and sustainable management of waste parts has become a major concern in many modern industrial facilities. These facilities face challenges in controlling, managing, and minimising the waste generated during the routine turnover of spare parts. In an effort to address these issues, this research analyses spare part waste, develops criteria for spare part waste, and implements it into a Computerised Maintenance Management System (CMMS) to improve spare part waste management in industrial facilities. This research analyses spare part waste in a particular industrial sector, involves a survey of the existing spare part waste management process to design a CMMS along with adding modules and identifying where spare part waste management can be applied to a CMMS so as to obtain recommendations for implementing spare part waste management in CMMS. The results showed that the addition of spare parts waste management modules to the CMMS through the spare parts management function in industrial facilities can be carried out and produce output. By applying the right analysis criteria, it can identify which spare parts can actually be reused, sold, or recycled. This research highlights the importance of CMMS implementation in spare parts waste management in industrial facilities. The results provide guidance for similar facilities to improve waste management efficiency and reduce environmental impact and unnecessary operational costs.
Cancer has become a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Adamawa, Nigeria and the world at l... more Cancer has become a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Adamawa, Nigeria and the world at large. Despite the threat cancer poses to the world, less attentions is giving to the menace compared to the other public health issues such as corona Virus that the world stood up and fought it. Research was conducted on 1,168 registered cancer patients in Adamawa state, Nigeria. Systematic random sampling was used to extract demographic information such as age, sex, marital status, level of education, occupation, date of first diagnoses. Data were analyzed using percentages, mean and modified negative binomial regression Model that was used which was later compared to the based model Poisson and the classical negative binomial model. It was discovered that the modified negative binomial regression model significantly outperformed both the based and classical model. It was further discovered that 92% of the confirmed cases survived the treatment with only 8% of the mortality recorded from the confirmed cases. 35% mortality were recorded from the 112 (65%) of the pending cases that were yet to be confirmed. This mortality which seems to be high in patients with pending cases were due to the lost in follow up from the patients. Surgery was discovered to be the best method for the treatment of cancer followed by the combinations of treatments. Lastly, it was discovered that Age influence the expected log count of the topography of cancer outcome of treatment by-0.1173, Sex influence the expected log count of the topographer of cancer treatment outcome by-0.2598, Educational status influence expected log count of the outcome of the treatment by 0.0369, Treatment type influence the expected log count of the topography of the outcome of the treatment of cancer by-0.0416. In conclusion, the risk factors to successful treatment of cancer in Adamawa includes the in ability to dictate cancer on time, lack of follow up with the treatment from the patients, treatment type and age of the patients as well the sex. I.
In this paper, we have developed a new continued fraction using the pierce expansion which is cal... more In this paper, we have developed a new continued fraction using the pierce expansion which is called the pierce continued fraction. There are several applications of continued fractions and one important application is the approximation to the square root problem. In our work, we have introduced new convergent sequences to solve this problem using pierce continued fraction. The convergent rate of these two continued fractions is different from each other. Furthermore, an algorithm was developed using matlab programmed to find the pierce continued fraction. As a future work we hope to construct a new approach to solve the pelle's equation.
A differential equation symmetry is a change that joins any solution to another solution of the s... more A differential equation symmetry is a change that joins any solution to another solution of the structure. Lie groups and their infinitesimal generators can be naturally prolonged to act on the space of independent variables. In this paper, we present analysis of Lie symmetry to solve a nonlinear ODE of an electric power flow model which is of form (, , ! , ‼ , ‼!) =. The search study uses Lie Symmetry analysis method to transform the equation by subjecting it to an extension generator and obtain determining equations, by reducing equations to lower order and find a general solution of the third order nonlinear heat conduction from the invariance related potential system under scaling. We exploited the use of prolongations (extended transformations), infinitesimal generators , variation of symmetries, adjoint symmetries, invariant transformation problems and integrating factors. Indexed Terms-prolongations (extended transformations), infinitesimal generators, variation of symmetries, adjoint symmetries, invariant transformation problems and integrating factors. I.
Designing buildings and its environment to accommodate the various needs of their intended users ... more Designing buildings and its environment to accommodate the various needs of their intended users is a laudable. However, the requirement that all people's needs, wants, and objectives has to be met without isolating any group of people has always been a challenge to those in charge of the construction of public structures, such as architects and other allied built environment professionals. This has therefore brought about the entrance of universal design concept into the design fields. The targets of universal designs are accessibility, usability and enlarging the categories of users to include everyone. The study surveyed 3 different public buildings in various areas of Lagos metropolis. 60 respondents were served, equally among the 3 surveyed buildings. A total of 54 responses from the survey were considered as valid while 6 responses were considered invalid due to various degree of ambiguities. Findings from the study revealed that accessibility as a core feature of universal design is being poorly managed in most of the facilities surveyed, with a slight majority of respondents also agreeing that most facilities surveyed conforms to universal design principles to an extent. Furthermore, majority of the users affirms that on the average, the integration of universal design features within the facilities surveyed seems flexible and seamless while averagely also the universal design features are efficient and effective. However, majority of the respondents rate low, the adequacy of universal design features in terms of provision in most of the surveyed facilities. The study averred that since users and designers are now more conversant with the principles of universal designs, users consider most of the universal design provisions of the surveyed buildings averagely effective in meeting their needs. Thereafter the study concludes that universal design propositions are important in the design of public buildings, as this minimizes danger in terms of use. Thus, the study recommends that there is a need to be proactive in the adoption and implementation of universal design principles in public buildings. Thus, finally the study recommends that since universal design principles are of great importance in a public building hence its adoption should be encouraged.
The prevalence of Vesico Vaginal Fistula (VVF) is frequently underestimated due to its shallow kn... more The prevalence of Vesico Vaginal Fistula (VVF) is frequently underestimated due to its shallow knowledge, yet it remains a major public health challenge, especially in developing countries. This paper investigated the prevalence of Vesicovaginal Fistula in Kebbi State. The data collected were obtained through a descriptive survey design with the aid of a simple random sampling (SRS) procedure, eleven (11) local governments were used out of twenty-one (21) local governments area of Kebbi State of Nigeria with self-administered questionnaires. Descriptive Statistics and a test of independence were used in the analysis of the data. The result showed that the prevalence of patients with VVF was 43.1% relative to non-patients, and this was substantially high. The mean age of the respondents that experienced VVF was between 20-24 years and most of the VVF cases were experienced at the first birth or delivery. There were more housewives than civil servants (55.6% vs 24%) in the study. The highest number of respondents were from Birrin Kebbi local government. More than half (63.6%) of the respondents do not have knowledge about VVF which could be a strong factor in the prevalence of VVF in the study area. The study revealed that prolonged obstructive labor, female genital mutilation (FGM), early marriage, and mode of deliveries were all significant to VVF (with respective p-values 0
The study investigated the influence of political and economic factors on quality of secondary sc... more The study investigated the influence of political and economic factors on quality of secondary schools in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Three research questions were raised and answered, two hypotheses were formulated and tested. Descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The population consisted of all school principals, vice-principals and students in senior secondary schools II in Ibadan, 667 respondents were drawn all together for the study (the Viceprincipals and students). The main instruments used for the study was a self-developed questionnaires titled Political and Economic factors Questionnaire (PEFQ), Student Achievement Test (SAT) and Key Informant Interview. The two instruments yielded 0.78 and 0.83 reliability coefficient. Descriptive statistical tools of frequency counts and simple percentages were used to analyze the demographic data and research question one and two while inferential statistics of multiple regression analysis was used to test the two hypotheses at 0.05 level of significant. The result revealed that there is significant composite contribution of political and economic factors to quality of secondary schools (F(2,665) = 606.066 P = 0.000) and there is significant relative contribution of political and economic factors to quality of secondary schools ß = (0.167), t(667) = 2.002p<0.05 and ß = (0.164), t(667) = 2.547p<0.05. The study concluded that political and economic factors have a significant influence on quality of secondary schools.
Musculoskeletal disorders cover a large percentage of occupational diseases; therefore, in order ... more Musculoskeletal disorders cover a large percentage of occupational diseases; therefore, in order to protect welders from such disorders, there is need to evaluate their positions at work in different workplaces. The study assessed the state of ergonomics in all its ramifications of a welding workplace with focus on those musculoskeletal disorders that could be associated with working posture. Fifteen welding workplaces were investigated among which fifty (50) welders were examined. The questionnaire drawn from the checklist of suggested ergonomic questions was used for data collection and the posture analysis technique known as Exposure Assessment Method was equally employed to determine whether or not a welder uses postures likely to have adverse effects on health and productivity. Statistical tests were carried out using samples of workers and their facilities. The assessment shows that working posture is highly responsible for the onset of musculoskeletal disorders during welding. The result obtained in this study agrees with the already established fact (NIOSH, 1997), that interactions among other occupational risk factors such as workstation design, repetitive task, manual material handling, tool handle design and job/task design contribute to determining the type of posture adopted, which if maintained for a long period of time, lead to musculoskeletal injuries, poor quality of work and low productivity.
This article explains how learning disability affect on one's ability to know or use spoken affec... more This article explains how learning disability affect on one's ability to know or use spoken affects on one's ability to know or use spoken or communication, do mathematical calculations, coordinate movements or direct attention learning disabilities are ignored, unnoticed and unanswered such children's needs are not met in regular classes. They needed special attention in classrooms. Learning disability is a big challenge for student in learning environment. The teacher's role is very important for identifying the learning disability. Some common causes and symptoms are there for children with learning disability. The classroom and teacher leads to main important role in identification and to overcome their disabilities.
This paper aims at revealing how the student struggles in the field of reading due to dyslexia. D... more This paper aims at revealing how the student struggles in the field of reading due to dyslexia. Dyslexia readers lack the ability to comprehend due to poor word attacks skills their sight word vocabulary is very limited. They also often exhibit poor listening skills due to developed language knowledge and comprehension. Reading is generally perceived as a multidimensional skill involving perceptual, linguistic, cognitive and motivational components. Attempts towards a developmental framework for understanding reading are relatively recent. This paper provides a comprehensive account of reading acquisition and how knowledge of the acquisition process can enhance understanding of dyslexia.
This paper proposes an automated target classification algorithm using Soft Computing Technique t... more This paper proposes an automated target classification algorithm using Soft Computing Technique to extract feature vectors for craniofacial features in cephalometric radiograph. The proposed work is based on image segmentation and classification technique, using Top-Hat filter and soft computing technique. The pre-processing includes Histogram Equalization [HE] to improve the contrast level. The pre-processed image is then segmented for image analysis. Segmentation will extract small elements and details. The features are extracted by subjecting the radiography to the Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix [GLCM] algorithm. The resultants are the frontend of support vector machine. Vectors, which posse's landmarks, are separated from all other vectors. The centroid points, automatically determined from GLCM feature vectors, are the location of landmarks. The landmark points which are serving as a guide for construction and measurement of planes. The resultant segmentation, are the frontend of Convolutional Neural Network [CNN], classifies the normal cephalometric dental image into abnormal cephalometric dental image. According to the performance evaluation of SVM, accuracy and sensitivity of the classification were automatically estimated using True Positive [TP], False Positive [FP], False Negative [FN], and True Negative [TN]. The accuracy of CNN is, number of correct predictions divided by total number of predictions. Finally results of the classification, which has 92.6% accuracy for Non-linear kernel and 70% accuracy for linear kernel of SVM and CNN classifier, gives 78.01% accuracy. The performance measurement of soft computing, are used to evaluate the dento-facial relationship, study of growth and development, and also for treatment planning. I.
Industrial contamination of water bodies due to discharges of untreated or partially treated effl... more Industrial contamination of water bodies due to discharges of untreated or partially treated effluent is a major problem occurring in many developing countries like Nigeria. 'This study surveys how effluents discharged from Emene industrial area of Enugu in Nigeria have impacted on the receiving Ekulu River. Laboratory analysis of samples were carried out. First sample was collected at the point where the river receives the industrial effluent. The second sample was collected at the upstream point to serve as the control. I3oth samples were analysed at Enugu State water corporation water analysis laboratory. Physiochemical and biological parameters were used in the analysis of the samples. The results were statistically analysed to show that there is significant difference between the point of receiving the effluent in the river and the upstream point. This manifested in the presence of high concentration at the receiving point. of the river of various parameters used in the analysis. The implication of this is the alteration primarily in the physiochemical and biological constitution of the water, which invariably impacted on various areas affecting the flora and fauna as well as human domestic and industrial usages. Appropriate treatment of the effluent before discharging among other measures have been recommended.
This work examined some physicochemical parameters of effluents from a Brewery Industry in Port H... more This work examined some physicochemical parameters of effluents from a Brewery Industry in Port Harcourt. This company discharged effluent in non-compliance with the Nigerian National Regulations as confirmed from the Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) having 11.6 for sample 1, 10.8 for sample 2 and 7.3 for sample 3 and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) ranging from 11.6 for sample 1, 10.8 for sample 2 and 7.3 for sample 3. From the results of the elemental analysis of the Industrial effluent of the company, the values for Cd, Cr, Pb and Fe did not fall within the range of the limit set by WHO. The study has shown that the Brewery Industry effluent had their BOD, COD, pH and Colour above the required WHO standard. This undoubtedly has negative impacts both on the environment and living things including humans. Since the results of analyses have shown that the Brewery Industry effluents are not well treated, it has been recommended that Regulatory agencies of states and Nigeria should monitor and ensure compliance of proper effluent treatment by Industries. These confirmed results posed health risks to several rural communities which rely on the receiving water bodies as their primary source of domestic water. There is need for the intervention of appropriate regulatory agencies to ensure production of high quality treated final effluents. This scenario is typical of most industries in developing nations where enforcement of environmental regulations is deficient. To avoid pollution, Regulatory Authorities should closely monitor compliance by industries.
The study investigated the impact of open dumpsite leachate on groundwater quality by examining t... more The study investigated the impact of open dumpsite leachate on groundwater quality by examining the physical and chemical properties of groundwater within the vicinity of Oyigbo in Rivers State, Nigeria. Physical and chemical analysis of groundwater samples from three (3) boreholes which constitutes a major source of water for domestic purpose was carried out to assess the quality in view of the proximity of the wells to open solid waste disposal sites. Results show that the water is weakly acidic with pH level ranging from 5.4-6.23; a very soft groundwater with Total Hardness ranging from 1.5-7 mg and low in Total Dissolve Solids (TDS) from 5-55 mg/l. Results from other chemical parameters tested are Clˉ ranging from 50-100 mg/l, SO4 2has 0.01-1.54 mg/l, ΝO3 ranging from 0.035-0.104 mg/l, Total Suspended Solid (TSS) ranging from 0.1-0.3 mg/l, Chromium with 1.08-4.52 mg/l, Cadmium having 0.01-0.03 mg/l, Lead ranging from 0.1-0.39 mg/l, Iron with 0.95-1.53 mg/l, BOD ranging from 9.8-12.8 mg/l, COD with 153.57-171.37 mg/l and DO ranging from 7.1-10 mg/l. The parameters exceeding the allowable limit of WHO standards include Cadmium, Lead, Iron, Chromium, COD, DO and BOD, all major ions revealed concentration within the acceptable limit of the WHO standard. The impacts of indiscriminate dumping activity on groundwater appeared most clearly as high concentrations of Cadmium, Lead, Iron, Chromium, COD, DO and BOD were detected. The study has revealed that the groundwater quality near dumping sites does not conform to the drinking water quality as per WHO standard. The results confirm the need for determining safe distances between wells and waste disposal sites to abate groundwater pollution.
Sustainability Education is often referred to as Education for Sustainable Development (ESD), whi... more Sustainability Education is often referred to as Education for Sustainable Development (ESD), which has been defined as: UNESCO, 2014. "Education for Sustainable Development allows every human being to acquire the knowledge, skills, attitudes and values necessary to shape a sustainable future. Education for Sustainable Development means, including key sustainable development issues into teaching and learning; for example, Pollution control, climate change, disaster risk reduction, biodiversity, poverty reduction, and sustainable consumption. It also requires participatory teaching and learning methods that motivate and empower learners to change their behavior and take action for sustainable development. Education for Sustainable Development consequently promotes competencies like critical thinking, imagining future scenarios and making decisions in a collaborative way. Education for Sustainable Development requires far-reaching changes in the way education is often practiced today." Pollution is the introduction of substances that contaminates natural environment and cause adverse changes. The addition of unwant¬ed material or energy in a particular environment in concentration greater than the normal renders the environment partially or wholly unfavorable for human life. Pollution control efforts by federal, State, regional, and municipal agencies and by industry have expanded tremendously within the past few years. That this increased effort is a reflection of elevated public understanding of the problem and rising public insistence upon action is inescapable. Through all media of mass communication, through the efforts of public service organizations, and through the actions and pronouncements of public officials at all levels of government, the popular desire for better control of pollution is being expressed with mounting frequency and increasing impact. This fact, in addition to generating an unprecedented expansion in control activity, requires that communication between the individuals and agencies responsible for air pollution control and the citizen, to whom this responsibility is owed, be open, comprehensive, and forthright. Any other response to the need for public information and education concerning the problem of pollution must in the long run seriously jeopardize the pollution control effort. I.
Before investing in a company, an investor will look into the firm values. The firm value become ... more Before investing in a company, an investor will look into the firm values. The firm value become the crucial factor since they represent the reputation of the owners and the shareholders. This study aims to discover the effect of profitability, capital structure, and dividend policy on firm value. The purposive sampling was the method used in this study, and there were thirty-five of forty-five companies in LQ45 which met the determined criteria. The panel data regression with a controlled variable of the firm size, age, and growth was used to analyze data. The finding showed that profitability significantly and positively affects firm value. The capital structure did not influence the firm value, and the dividend policy had a negative, significant effect on the firm value.
The design involves the establishment of a Proportional and Integral (PI) control system from a l... more The design involves the establishment of a Proportional and Integral (PI) control system from a linear mathematical model using some primary module transfer functions. All parameters are fed into a MATLAB command window to compute the transfer function for each module, and the overall closed-loop transfer function of the system. The tuned parameters are then tested in the linear system before applying to the non-linear synchronous generator circuits, modelled for a grid power system. The tuned Controller is used to feedback a voltage component of the reactive power output, when compared to a reference value, to an excitation system. The output of this is then channelled to the generator as d.c. voltage pulses to observe its stability. Linear and non-linear output plots are obtained. This research work uses MATLAB R2015a version.
Electric fault occurs as a result of insulation breakdown in either generation, transmission or d... more Electric fault occurs as a result of insulation breakdown in either generation, transmission or distribution system, power systems at various stages experience distinct level of instability which amounts to system unreliability. This research is focused on evaluating electric power faults with the aim of determining its type and effect on the people of Beneku, Abragada and Abor communities in Niger Delta. The 33kV distribution networks in each of the afore-stated communities were duly investigated and classification was based on collated network parameters and fault occurrence. The proceed of the evaluation justified and validated the fact that single line to ground fault (SLGF) is the most prevalent and three phase balanced fault is least prevalent in power systems analysis. The numerical method of Newton-Raphson was used to determine the fault currents and line impedances of the respective feeders based on phases, while electrical transient analyzer program (ETAP) simulation software was used to implement all the analysis conducted. The magnitude of the fault current for SLGF on phase A for Beneku, Abragada and Abor communities were found be. ∠ − .°,. ∠ − .° and. ∠ − .° with zero line impedances. Upon successful evaluation and classification, it was observed that the people of Beneku, Abragada and Abor communities suffer long and frequent power outage as a result of time lag in fault location identification. As a way of curbing this menace, the low resistance method of fault location identifier technique was suggested due to its cost effectiveness to enable electrical engineers tackle fault problem as quick as possible.
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