Inna Subota

Qatari literature has received little attention from researchers. This article, therefore, intends to contribute to the study of Qatari literature. The research is aimed at depicting the rise and development of the short story genre in Qatari literature, as well as defining the main features of the short stories on the stages of formation and development, and reviewing central themes of the short stories.
Keywords: Qatari literature, short story, subjective and objective narrative, interior monologue, association, stream of consciousness, ’Umm ’Aktam, ’Amīnah al-‘Imādī, Nūrah’Āl Sa‘ad.

Abstract: The article briefly depicts cultural processes that had an
impact on the emergence of the short story in the first half of the 20th
century; pioneers of this genre in Kuwait are named; the bibliography
of the women short stories writing is given; Laylā al-،Uṯmān’s short
stories writing is highlighted as being the most prominent Kuwaiti
women short story writer.
Keywords: women short story writing, formation and development
of the short story, realism and symbolism.

The article depicts a process of the literary criticism establishment in the Arabic Gulf Region. Attention is paid to the main editions in the first half of the 20th century, so far as the literary critique establishment was closely tired with the emergence of the press in which the majority of critical works have been published. The accent is made on the important influence of The New York Pen League, The Divan School and The Apollo School on the development of the literary criticism, as well as on the important role of Romanticism in its formation. Also the most important critics are named and their definitions of the literature tasks are viewed.

The article depicts the main preconditions of the Arabian Gulf countries cultural revival.
Among them: educational movement, development of economy, emergence of the press, getting an
education abroad by Arab Gulf students, contact with Europeans etc.
Key words: cultural revival, public education, emergence of the press, development of
economy, new philosophical and literary trends.

The article depicts cultural processes that had an impact on the emergence of the short
story in the first half of the 20th century; pioneers of this genre are named; the main features
of the short story on the stages of its formation and development are defined and major
themes of the short stories in Kuwait on the stage of development are reviewed.
Key words: development of the press, formation and development of the short
story, romanticism, realism, stream of consciousness.