A little-known thermomechanical relation between entropy and action, originally discovered by Bol... more A little-known thermomechanical relation between entropy and action, originally discovered by Boltzmann in the classical domain, was later reconsidered by de Broglie in relation to the wave-particle duality in the free propagation of single particles. In this paper we present a version adapted to the phenomenological description of the hadronization process. The substantial diffe-rence with respect to the original de Broglie scheme is represented by the universality of the tem-perature at which the process occurs; this, in fact, coincides with the Hagedorn temperature. The main results are: 1) a clear connection between the universality of the temperature and the existence of a confinement radius of the color forces; 2) a lower bound on the hadronic mass, represented by the universal temperature, in agreement with experimental data; 3) a scale invariance which allows the reproduction of the well-known hadronic mass spectrum solution of the statistical bootstrap model. The approach therefore presents a heuristic interest connected to the study of the strong interaction.
From 1948 until around 1965, Louis de Broglie, awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1929 for hi... more From 1948 until around 1965, Louis de Broglie, awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1929 for his fundamental contributions to quantum theory, pursued a systematic study of the formal analogies between wave mechanics and the thermomechanics of Boltzmann and Helmholtz. As part of this line of research he produced several interesting observations, which were however published only in French, and therefore had a very limited diffusion. Here we reconsider, in particular, a result of his relating to the analogy between the internal clock (de Broglie phase) of a free particle and a cyclic isothermal process in a thermomechanical system. We show that the fundamental equivalence obtained by him can be derived under more convenient hypotheses than the original ones, essentially tied to the quantization of the action exchanged by the particle with a suitable thermostat. In this emended formulation, the relations proposed by de Broglie describe the emergence of the particle proper time from a thermal background. They also suggests a specific physical meaning of the Wick rotation, often used in quantum mechanical calculations, and the thermal time that appears in it.
Two distinct measures of information, connected respectively to the amplitude and phase of the wa... more Two distinct measures of information, connected respectively to the amplitude and phase of the wave function of a particle, are proposed. There are relations between the time derivatives of these two measures and their gradients on the configuration space, which are equivalent to the wave equation. The information related to the amplitude measures the strength of the potential coupling of the particle (which is itself aspatial) with each volume of its configuration space, i.e., its tendency to participate in an interaction localized in a region of ordinary physical space corresponding to that volume. The information connected to the phase is that required to obtain the time evolution of the particle as a persistent entity starting from a random succession of bits. It can be considered as the information provided by conservation principles. The meaning of the so-called “quantum potential” in this context is briefly discussed.
Einstein equations are generalized for de Sitter 5-dimensional space, and their local projections... more Einstein equations are generalized for de Sitter 5-dimensional space, and their local projections (PGR), with some important cosmological considerations, are studied.
Since 1986 a vast body of experimental evidence has been accumulated of direct observation of qua... more Since 1986 a vast body of experimental evidence has been accumulated of direct observation of quantum jumps in many physical systems. We can therefore assume that quantum jumps are genuine physical phenomena. On the other hand, substantial identity of "quantum jumps" and "collapses" induced by measurements can be admitted, both being represented by self-conjugate projection operators related to specific non-Hamiltonian aspects of micro-interactions. On this basis a model of quantum jump involving a single particle is discussed, and some consequences concerning hadronic physics (Hagedorn temperature, Regge trajectories) and quantum gravity are briefly sketched.
The conceptual statute of modern quantum theory was formulated during the 5th Solvay Conference i... more The conceptual statute of modern quantum theory was formulated during the 5th Solvay Conference in 1927 and since then accepted as definitive, although criticisms and discussions have continued up to the present. The more properly physical aspects of the debate seem to concern the relationship between quantum entities and spacetime. A historical circumstance that should not be ignored is that in 1927 the exploration of the realm of the fundamental constituents of matter (the so-called "elementary particles") was just in its infancy, and therefore the properties of these constituents could not play a constitutive role in the theory. Here we propose to re-read the nature of quantum entities starting from the peculiar relationship that the elementary particles that constitute them maintain with the spatial domain. In particular, it is assumed that this relationship is mediated by time and that the time accessible to elementary particles (but not to the systems they compose) is a complex variable rather than a real one. This approach helps to dissolve much of the "mystery" surrounding quantum phenomena.
The conceptual statute of modern quantum theory was formulated during the 5th Solvay Conference i... more The conceptual statute of modern quantum theory was formulated during the 5th Solvay Conference in 1927 and since then accepted as definitive, although criticisms and discussions have continued up to the present. The more properly physical aspects of the debate seem to concern the relationship between quantum entities and spacetime. A historical circumstance that should not be ignored is that in 1927 the exploration of the realm of the fundamental constituents of matter (the so-called "elementary particles") was just in its infancy, and therefore the properties of these constituents could not play a constitutive role in the theory. Here we propose to re-read the nature of quantum entities starting from the peculiar relationship that the elementary particles that constitute them maintain with the spatial domain. In particular, it is assumed that this relationship is mediated by time and that the time accessible to elementary particles (but not to the systems they compose) i...
Developing an approach defined in previous papers a correspondence between elementary particles a... more Developing an approach defined in previous papers a correspondence between elementary particles and elements of a particular set of directed graphs said "glyphs" is made explicit. These can, in turn, be put in correspondence with a particular set of biquaternions. Charge conjugation and weak isospin inversion then become both topological (on glyphs) and algebraic (on biquaternions) symmetries. The formalism describes leptons and quarks, the latter successfully combined into mesons and baryons. The derivation is possible of both a de Sitter interior spacetime of particles and the usual external Minkowski spacetime. The biquaternions can be related to creation and annihilation operators of the corresponding fermionic fields in Quantum Field Theory (QFT). The base states of QFT and their mutual interactions are thus constrained by their common emergence from logically antecedent structures. This result appears of great importance for the understanding of the elementary partic...
Developing an approach defined in previous papers a correspondence between elementary particles a... more Developing an approach defined in previous papers a correspondence between elementary particles and elements of a particular set of directed graphs said "glyphs" is made explicit. These can, in turn, be put in correspondence with a particular set of biquaternions. Charge conjugation and weak isospin inversion then become both topological (on glyphs) and algebraic (on biquaternions) symmetries. The formalism describes leptons and quarks, the latter successfully combined into mesons and baryons. The derivation is possible of both a de Sitter interior spacetime of particles and the usual external Minkowski spacetime. The biquaternions can be related to creation and annihilation operators of the corresponding fermionic fields in Quantum Field Theory (QFT). The base states of QFT and their mutual interactions are thus constrained by their common emergence from logically antecedent structures. This result appears of great importance for the understanding of the elementary partic...
A little-known thermomechanical relation between entropy and action, originally discovered by Bol... more A little-known thermomechanical relation between entropy and action, originally discovered by Boltzmann in the classical domain, was later reconsidered by de Broglie in relation to the wave-particle duality in the free propagation of single particles. In this paper we present a version adapted to the phenomenological description of the hadronization process. The substantial diffe-rence with respect to the original de Broglie scheme is represented by the universality of the tem-perature at which the process occurs; this, in fact, coincides with the Hagedorn temperature. The main results are: 1) a clear connection between the universality of the temperature and the existence of a confinement radius of the color forces; 2) a lower bound on the hadronic mass, represented by the universal temperature, in agreement with experimental data; 3) a scale invariance which allows the reproduction of the well-known hadronic mass spectrum solution of the statistical bootstrap model. The approach therefore presents a heuristic interest connected to the study of the strong interaction.
From 1948 until around 1965, Louis de Broglie, awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1929 for hi... more From 1948 until around 1965, Louis de Broglie, awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1929 for his fundamental contributions to quantum theory, pursued a systematic study of the formal analogies between wave mechanics and the thermomechanics of Boltzmann and Helmholtz. As part of this line of research he produced several interesting observations, which were however published only in French, and therefore had a very limited diffusion. Here we reconsider, in particular, a result of his relating to the analogy between the internal clock (de Broglie phase) of a free particle and a cyclic isothermal process in a thermomechanical system. We show that the fundamental equivalence obtained by him can be derived under more convenient hypotheses than the original ones, essentially tied to the quantization of the action exchanged by the particle with a suitable thermostat. In this emended formulation, the relations proposed by de Broglie describe the emergence of the particle proper time from a thermal background. They also suggests a specific physical meaning of the Wick rotation, often used in quantum mechanical calculations, and the thermal time that appears in it.
Two distinct measures of information, connected respectively to the amplitude and phase of the wa... more Two distinct measures of information, connected respectively to the amplitude and phase of the wave function of a particle, are proposed. There are relations between the time derivatives of these two measures and their gradients on the configuration space, which are equivalent to the wave equation. The information related to the amplitude measures the strength of the potential coupling of the particle (which is itself aspatial) with each volume of its configuration space, i.e., its tendency to participate in an interaction localized in a region of ordinary physical space corresponding to that volume. The information connected to the phase is that required to obtain the time evolution of the particle as a persistent entity starting from a random succession of bits. It can be considered as the information provided by conservation principles. The meaning of the so-called “quantum potential” in this context is briefly discussed.
Einstein equations are generalized for de Sitter 5-dimensional space, and their local projections... more Einstein equations are generalized for de Sitter 5-dimensional space, and their local projections (PGR), with some important cosmological considerations, are studied.
Since 1986 a vast body of experimental evidence has been accumulated of direct observation of qua... more Since 1986 a vast body of experimental evidence has been accumulated of direct observation of quantum jumps in many physical systems. We can therefore assume that quantum jumps are genuine physical phenomena. On the other hand, substantial identity of "quantum jumps" and "collapses" induced by measurements can be admitted, both being represented by self-conjugate projection operators related to specific non-Hamiltonian aspects of micro-interactions. On this basis a model of quantum jump involving a single particle is discussed, and some consequences concerning hadronic physics (Hagedorn temperature, Regge trajectories) and quantum gravity are briefly sketched.
The conceptual statute of modern quantum theory was formulated during the 5th Solvay Conference i... more The conceptual statute of modern quantum theory was formulated during the 5th Solvay Conference in 1927 and since then accepted as definitive, although criticisms and discussions have continued up to the present. The more properly physical aspects of the debate seem to concern the relationship between quantum entities and spacetime. A historical circumstance that should not be ignored is that in 1927 the exploration of the realm of the fundamental constituents of matter (the so-called "elementary particles") was just in its infancy, and therefore the properties of these constituents could not play a constitutive role in the theory. Here we propose to re-read the nature of quantum entities starting from the peculiar relationship that the elementary particles that constitute them maintain with the spatial domain. In particular, it is assumed that this relationship is mediated by time and that the time accessible to elementary particles (but not to the systems they compose) is a complex variable rather than a real one. This approach helps to dissolve much of the "mystery" surrounding quantum phenomena.
The conceptual statute of modern quantum theory was formulated during the 5th Solvay Conference i... more The conceptual statute of modern quantum theory was formulated during the 5th Solvay Conference in 1927 and since then accepted as definitive, although criticisms and discussions have continued up to the present. The more properly physical aspects of the debate seem to concern the relationship between quantum entities and spacetime. A historical circumstance that should not be ignored is that in 1927 the exploration of the realm of the fundamental constituents of matter (the so-called "elementary particles") was just in its infancy, and therefore the properties of these constituents could not play a constitutive role in the theory. Here we propose to re-read the nature of quantum entities starting from the peculiar relationship that the elementary particles that constitute them maintain with the spatial domain. In particular, it is assumed that this relationship is mediated by time and that the time accessible to elementary particles (but not to the systems they compose) i...
Developing an approach defined in previous papers a correspondence between elementary particles a... more Developing an approach defined in previous papers a correspondence between elementary particles and elements of a particular set of directed graphs said "glyphs" is made explicit. These can, in turn, be put in correspondence with a particular set of biquaternions. Charge conjugation and weak isospin inversion then become both topological (on glyphs) and algebraic (on biquaternions) symmetries. The formalism describes leptons and quarks, the latter successfully combined into mesons and baryons. The derivation is possible of both a de Sitter interior spacetime of particles and the usual external Minkowski spacetime. The biquaternions can be related to creation and annihilation operators of the corresponding fermionic fields in Quantum Field Theory (QFT). The base states of QFT and their mutual interactions are thus constrained by their common emergence from logically antecedent structures. This result appears of great importance for the understanding of the elementary partic...
Developing an approach defined in previous papers a correspondence between elementary particles a... more Developing an approach defined in previous papers a correspondence between elementary particles and elements of a particular set of directed graphs said "glyphs" is made explicit. These can, in turn, be put in correspondence with a particular set of biquaternions. Charge conjugation and weak isospin inversion then become both topological (on glyphs) and algebraic (on biquaternions) symmetries. The formalism describes leptons and quarks, the latter successfully combined into mesons and baryons. The derivation is possible of both a de Sitter interior spacetime of particles and the usual external Minkowski spacetime. The biquaternions can be related to creation and annihilation operators of the corresponding fermionic fields in Quantum Field Theory (QFT). The base states of QFT and their mutual interactions are thus constrained by their common emergence from logically antecedent structures. This result appears of great importance for the understanding of the elementary partic...
Two physical phenomena belonging to the domain of quantum processes are presented, in discursive ... more Two physical phenomena belonging to the domain of quantum processes are presented, in discursive and qualitative terms: the propagation of light quanta and radioactive decay. Although known for a long time, these "simple" phenomena imply connections between matter, space, time and energy whose correct framing in terms of natural philosophy seems to require new categories. From this perspective, the heuristic role of the Aristotelian concepts of "potentia" and "entelechy" is discussed. - 24th International Seminar on Biocosmology (24ISBC) Moscow – Lomonosov State University - 25 October 2023
In accordance with the Bohr’s standard interpretation, which assumes the full symmetry of the ent... more In accordance with the Bohr’s standard interpretation, which assumes the full symmetry of the entanglement relationship between quantum entities and the "agencies of observation", the conventional quantum-mechanical formalism does not contain prescriptions that differentiate the use of the concept of probability amplitude when applied to atomic entities or to macroscopic bodies. Paradoxes much discussed in literature, such as that of Schrödinger's cat, originate in this context. The symmetry indicated by Bohr can be broken in ways that preserve unitarity, as in the usual decoherence program. We consider a different approach, based on three principles: (1) the interpretation of the amplitude collapse as a real, non-unitary physical phenomenon that converts quantum information into classical information; (2) the identification of this phenomenon with the "quantum jump" already introduced by Bohr and well demonstrated experimentally in quantum optics; (3) an ontology of events à la Russell-Whitehead applied to quantum jumps. This last point allows to redefine, in an appropriate reformulation of quantum mechanics, the macroscopic bodies as "galaxies of quantum jumps" (to use a metaphor of J.S. Bell). Thus a distinction is made between the probability amplitudes associated with individual events not yet actualized and the projectors associated with the relatively stable properties of "galaxies" of actualizations. The amplitudes introduced to express these projectors may not be subject to the superposition principle.
A philosophy of nature that aspire to be more than a mere philosophy of natural sciences must pro... more A philosophy of nature that aspire to be more than a mere philosophy of natural sciences must propose, as the core of its reflection, the recovery of the cosmological notion of manifestation, as the process that connects the Wholeness and the manifold, the Natura Naturans and Natura Naturata. It must accomplish this in line with the current scientific understanding of nature.
Developing an approach defined in previous papers a correspondence between elementary particles a... more Developing an approach defined in previous papers a correspondence between elementary particles and elements of a particular set of directed graphs said "glyphs" is made explicit. These can, in turn, be put in correspondence with a particular set of biquaternions. Charge conjugation and weak isospin inversion then become both topological (on glyphs) and algebraic (on biquaternions) symmetries. The formalism describes leptons and quarks, the latter successfully combined into mesons and baryons. The derivation is possible of both a de Sitter interior spacetime of particles and the usual external Minkowski spacetime. The biquaternions can be related to creation and annihilation operators of the corresponding fermionic fields in Quantum Field Theory (QFT). The base states of QFT and their mutual interactions are thus constrained by their common emergence from logically antecedent structures. This result appears of great importance for the understanding of the elementary particles spectrum.
Crittografia quantistica, computazione quantistica, teletrasporto quantistico, isolanti topologic... more Crittografia quantistica, computazione quantistica, teletrasporto quantistico, isolanti topologici. Sono passati oltre novant’anni da quando (era il 1927) la “teoria dei quanti”, come si chiamava a quell’epoca, assumeva il suo status più o meno definitivo.
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Papers by Leonardo Chiatti
- 24th International Seminar on Biocosmology (24ISBC)
Moscow – Lomonosov State University - 25 October 2023
The symmetry indicated by Bohr can be broken in ways that preserve unitarity, as in the usual decoherence program. We consider a different approach, based on three principles: (1) the interpretation of the amplitude collapse as a real, non-unitary physical phenomenon that converts quantum information into classical information; (2) the identification of this phenomenon with the "quantum jump" already introduced by Bohr and well demonstrated experimentally in quantum optics; (3) an ontology of events à la Russell-Whitehead applied to quantum jumps. This last point allows to redefine, in an appropriate reformulation of quantum mechanics, the macroscopic bodies as "galaxies of quantum jumps" (to use a metaphor of J.S. Bell). Thus a distinction is made between the probability amplitudes associated with individual events not yet actualized and the projectors associated with the relatively stable properties of "galaxies" of actualizations. The amplitudes introduced to express these projectors may not be subject to the superposition principle.