En el presente trabajo fundamenta la necesidad de la implantacion de un Sistema de Costos de la Calidad en toda Organizacion cuyo objetivo fundamental sea lograr la Calidad de sus productos o servicios, mantenerse en el mercado y lograr... more
En el presente trabajo fundamenta la necesidad de la implantacion de un Sistema de Costos de la Calidad en toda Organizacion cuyo objetivo fundamental sea lograr la Calidad de sus productos o servicios, mantenerse en el mercado y lograr la satisfaccion de sus Clientes, con el minimo de gastos posibles, es decir, obtener Calidad de una manera eficiente. Se demuestra la necesidad de gestionar la Organizacion, tomando como herramienta de la direccion el analisis del comportamiento de los Costos de la Calidad. Ser propone una metodologia para la implantacion de un Sistema de Costos de la Calidad Se expone la experiencia practica en el Registro Cubano de Buques Sociedad Clasificadora, sobre las acciones acometidas para implantar su Sistema de Costos de la Calidad.
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Un síntoma común entre los sujetos activos es el dolor muscular post esfuerzo de aparición tardía (DMPT). Se ha reportado una relación entre la prescripción de esquemas inadecuados de entrenamiento físico y la presencia de DMPT. El... more
Un síntoma común entre los sujetos activos es el dolor muscular post esfuerzo de aparición tardía (DMPT). Se ha reportado una relación entre la prescripción de esquemas inadecuados de entrenamiento físico y la presencia de DMPT. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la influencia de la acreditación de los entrenadores personales en la aparición del DMPT en individuos de Maracaibo. Para ello, se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal, con muestreo no probabilístico intencional en 30 individuos de ambos sexos con edades comprendidas entre 18 y 25 años, de Maracaibo durante los meses mayo y junio de 2013, que no presentaran antecedentes patológicos que imposibilitaran la realización de las rutinas de entrenamiento. Se estudió la intensidad de dolor experimentado según la escala visual análoga de dolor. Las variables cualitativas fueron expresadas como frecuencias absolutas y relativas, utilizándose χ2 para evaluar su asociación. El dolor de intensidad moderada fue el má...
Introduction: Currently there is no consensus regarding reference values for thyroid hormone profile. The purpose of this study was to determine the references values of TSH, Free T3 and Free T4 in adults from the Maracaibo Municipality,... more
Introduction: Currently there is no consensus regarding reference values for thyroid hormone profile. The purpose of this study was to determine the references values of TSH, Free T3 and Free T4 in adults from the Maracaibo Municipality, Zulia State. Materials and Methods: the Maracaibo city Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence Study is a cross-sectional study which enrolled 2.230 individuals of both sexes over 18 years of age, out of which 425 were selected due to medical history and availability of thyroid function quantification. The reference population subsample was obtained (n=266) by excluding those with personal and family history of thyroid disease, positive anti-thyroid antibodies, cardiovascular or autoinmune diseases, diabetes mellitus and medication usage. Results: the references values for TSH, FT3 and FT4 are between 2.5th and 97.5th to establish an upper and lower limit respectively: TSH 0.70-5.52 mIU/L, FT3 1.80-4.40 pg/ mL, FT4 0.80-1.80 ng/dL. Conclusions: the reference ...
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Introducción y Objetivo: La insulinorresistencia es una alteración metabólica caracterizada por una atenuación de los efectos tisulares de la insulina ligada estrechamente a un estado inflamatorio de la pared vascular que conlleva a un... more
Introducción y Objetivo: La insulinorresistencia es una alteración metabólica caracterizada por una atenuación de los efectos tisulares de la insulina ligada estrechamente a un estado inflamatorio de la pared vascular que conlleva a un aumento en el riesgo de presentar enfermedad cardiovascular, por ello el objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la frecuencia de este trastorno metabólico en pacientes con síndrome coronario agudo. Materiales y métodos: Se trata de un estudio exploratorio, descriptivo, transversal con un muestreo no probabilístico intencional en individuos con síndrome coronario agudo que ingresaron al Servicio de Cardiología del Hospital General del Sur “Dr. Pedro Iturbe”, excluyéndose a los sujetos diabéticos. El método para determinar insulinorresistencia fue el HOMA2-IR y el punto de corte para definirla fue 1,8; las variables cualitativas se expresaron en frecuencias absolutas y relativas evaluando asociación mediante la Prueba χ2, mientras que las variables cua...
Introducción: La automedicación y la polifarmacia son los principales patrones de consumo de medicamentos dentro del uso irracional de fármacos. Ambas prácticas se han con-vertido en un problema de salud a nivel mundial, constitu-yendo un... more
Introducción: La automedicación y la polifarmacia son los principales patrones de consumo de medicamentos dentro del uso irracional de fármacos. Ambas prácticas se han con-vertido en un problema de salud a nivel mundial, constitu-yendo un potencial riesgo para los sujetos que las practican. El objetivo de esta investigación es estimar la frecuencia y describir los principales factores asociados a la automedica-ción y polifarmacia en individuos adultos del sector Dalia de Fernández, municipio San Francisco, estado Zulia. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo no experimental, aleatorio y transversal en 102 individuos de ambos sexos mayores de 30 años, mediante un muestreo por conglomerados monoetápico. Se excluyeron individuos cuya entrevista fuera aplicada cercano a farmacias y con-sultorios médicos, así como pacientes embarazadas. Para el análisis estadístico las variables cualitativas fueron expre-sadas como frecuencias absolutas y relativas, empleando la prueba C...
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Objectives: Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of death in adults worldwide. Dyslipidemias are an important risk factor, which is why committees like the ATP III have established cut-off points for lipid profiles dichotomizing the... more
Objectives: Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of death in adults worldwide. Dyslipidemias are an important risk factor, which is why committees like the ATP III have established cut-off points for lipid profiles dichotomizing the diagnosis instead of setting normal intervals. Currently, there is no general consensus about the reference intervals in our population, so the purpose of this paper is to establish lipid profile reference ranges in Maracaibo City, Venezuela. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was made, enrolling 2,043 randomly selected individuals from both genders over 18 years old, for the Maracaibo City Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence Study (MMSPS). To determine the reference population, the patients with pathologic history and medication intake that could modify the lipid profile were taken out. Extreme values were calculated mathematically for each lipid variable and then excluded. The results were expressed in absolute and relative frequencies, med...
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Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine coronary risk using a calibrated the Framingham-Wilson equation (FWE). Materials and Methods: A total of 1,379 subjects were selected using the suggested age for the application of... more
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine coronary risk using a calibrated the Framingham-Wilson equation (FWE). Materials and Methods: A total of 1,379 subjects were selected using the suggested age for the application of the equation (a range of 30 to 74 years old). The FWE was calibrated using local data concerning cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Results: Using the original FWE the overall risk at 10 years was 6.15 (2.79-11.44), with 8.1 (4.7-14.4) for men and 4.6 (1.8-9.3) for women; p=1.03x10 -31 . When applying the calibration, the overall risk was 3.29 (1.55-6.25) and 2.61 (1.00-5.42) for women with a 4.08 (2.36-7.35) for men; p=2.43x10 -21 . As for classifying the sample according to risk categories the following results were obtained: Low risk with 66.2% (n=913), Moderate Ph ton 161 risk 23.6% (n=326), High risk 8.9% (n=123), and Very high risk 1.2% (n=17). Discussion and Conclusions: The recalibrated FWE is an alternative for coronary risk evaluation i...
Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and epidemiologic behavior of Hypertension (HT) in the Maracaibo Municipality, Zulia state, Venezuela. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive... more
Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and epidemiologic behavior of Hypertension (HT) in the Maracaibo Municipality, Zulia state, Venezuela. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study, where 2,230 subjects from both genders were randomly selected as part of the Maracaibo city Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence Study (MMSPS). Complete medical examination, laboratory workup and anthropometry measurements were taken. The quantitative variables were expressed as mean±SD, and comparisons were calculated using t Student test. The qualitative variables were represented as absolute and relative frequencies, and comparisons were obtained using Z test for proportions and associations with c2 test. Results: The prevalence of HT was 19.42% (20.92% in women and 17.75% in men). The prevalence of newly diagnosed individuals was 12.0%, with 8.71% in women and 16.90% in men. The overall percentage of HT was 32.02%, being 29.63% in women and 34.65% ...
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Introduction. The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of metabolic phenotypes during the construction of ROC curves for waist circumference (WC) cutpoint selection.Materials and Methods. A total of 1,902 subjects of both... more
Introduction. The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of metabolic phenotypes during the construction of ROC curves for waist circumference (WC) cutpoint selection.Materials and Methods. A total of 1,902 subjects of both genders were selected from the Maracaibo City Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence Study database. Two-Step Cluster Analysis (TSCA) was applied to select metabolically healthy and sick men and women. ROC curves were constructed to determine WC cutoff points by gender.Results. Through TSCA, metabolic phenotype predictive variables were selected: HOMA2-IR and HOMA2-βcell for women and HOMA2-IR, HOMA2-βcell, and TAG for men. Subjects were classified as healthy normal weight, metabolically obese normal weight, healthy and metabolically disturbed overweight, and healthy and metabolically disturbed obese. Final WC cutpoints were 91.50 cm for women (93.4% sensitivity, 93.7% specificity) and 98.15 cm for men (96% sensitivity, 99.5% specificity).Conclusions. TSCA in ...
Research Interests: Obesity, Diabetes, Anthropometry, Medicine, Metabolic syndrome, and 15 moreInsulin Resistance, Overweight, Humans, Internal Medicine, Female, Male, Cluster Analysis, Body Mass Index, Middle Aged, Adult, Abdominal Obesity, Receiver Operating Characteristic, Metabolic Syndrome X, Experimental Diabetes, and cutoff
Objectives: High-sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) is one of the most applied inflammation markers; therefore, the main objective of this research is to evaluate its epidemiological behavior in adult subjects of the Maracaibo City,... more
Objectives: High-sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) is one of the most applied inflammation markers; therefore, the main objective of this research is to evaluate its epidemiological behavior in adult subjects of the Maracaibo City, Venezuela. Materials and Methods: A total of 1,422 subjects, 704 (49.5%) women and 718 (50.5%) men, were enrolled in the Maracaibo City Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence Study. The results were expressed as medians and interquartile ranges (p25-p75). Differences were determined through the Mann-Whitney U-test and one-way ANOVA test with the Bonferroni adjustment. A multiple logistic regression model was designed for the analysis of the main factors associated with high serum hs-CRP levels. Results: Overall hs-CRP median was 0.372 mg/L (0.126-0.765 mg/L), 0,382 mg/L (0.122-0.829 mg/L) for women and 0.365 mg/L (0.133-0.712 mg/L) for men; p=0.616. An increasing pattern was observed in hs-CRP concentrations through age, BMI, waist circumference and HOMA2-IR...
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Osteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative disorder that currently represents one of the main causes of disability within the elderly population and an important presenting complaint overall. The pathophysiologic basis of osteoarthritis... more
Osteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative disorder that currently represents one of the main causes of disability within the elderly population and an important presenting complaint overall. The pathophysiologic basis of osteoarthritis entails a complex group of interactions among biochemical and mechanical factors that have been better characterized in light of a recent spike in research on the subject. This has led to an ongoing search for ideal therapeutic management schemes for these patients, where glucosamine is one of the most frequently used alternatives worldwide due to their chondroprotective properties and their long-term effects. Its use in the treatment of osteoarthritis is well established; yet despite being considered effective by many research groups, controversy surrounds their true effectiveness. This situation stems from several methodological aspects which hinder appropriate data analysis and comparison in this context, particularly regarding objectives and target...
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Background. Mathematical models such as Homeostasis Model Assessment have gained popularity in the evaluation of insulin resistance (IR). The purpose of this study was to estimate the optimal cut-off point for Homeostasis Model... more
Background. Mathematical models such as Homeostasis Model Assessment have gained popularity in the evaluation of insulin resistance (IR). The purpose of this study was to estimate the optimal cut-off point for Homeostasis Model Assessment-2 Insulin Resistance (HOMA2-IR) in an adult population of Maracaibo, Venezuela. Methods. Descriptive, cross-sectional study with randomized, multistaged sampling included 2,026 adult individuals. IR was evaluated through HOMA2-IR calculation in 602 metabolically healthy individuals. For cut-off point estimation, two approaches were applied: HOMA2-IR percentile distribution and construction of ROC curves using sensitivity and specificity for selection. Results. HOMA2-IR arithmetic mean for the general population was 2.21±1.42, with 2.18±1.37 for women and 2.23±1.47 for men (P=0.466). When calculating HOMA2-IR for the healthy reference population, the resulting p75 was 2.00. Using ROC curves, the selected cut-off point was 1.95, with an area under th...
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Background. Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease, yet its influence on metabolic syndrome (MS) is still controversial. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact generated by this diagnosis in... more
Background. Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease, yet its influence on metabolic syndrome (MS) is still controversial. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact generated by this diagnosis in serum Lp(a) concentrations.Materials and Methods. A total of 1807 subjects of both genders (55.3% women and 44.7% men) belonging to the Maracaibo City Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence Study were evaluated. Results were expressed as Mean ± SD, determining differences through Student’st-test and One-Way ANOVA test. Multiple logistic regression models were utilized for analyzing factors associated with elevated serum Lp(a) levels and MS. Total cholesterol and LDL-C were corrected according to Lp(a)-Cholesterol when necessary.Results. No differences were found in Lp(a) values between genders;P=0,292. The association between MS and the classification of Lp(a) was statistically significant (χ2=28.33;P<0,0001), with greater levels in subjects with this diag...
Research Interests: Diabetes, Adolescent, Medicine, Logistic Regression, Metabolic syndrome, and 15 moreHumans, Internal Medicine, Blood Glucose, Cholesterol, Female, Male, Aged, Prevalence, Middle Aged, Adult, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cross Sectional Studies, Lipoprotein a, Metabolic Syndrome X, and Experimental Diabetes
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... 2.1. Plant material and starch isolation. Ready to harvest, green and unripened banana fruit (Musa valery) of 90 days after flowering was collected from the packaging plant &#x27;Martin Banana&#x27; located 45 km west from... more
... 2.1. Plant material and starch isolation. Ready to harvest, green and unripened banana fruit (Musa valery) of 90 days after flowering was collected from the packaging plant &#x27;Martin Banana&#x27; located 45 km west from Villahermosa, Tabasco state, México. ... Ramsey, NJ,). ...