Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A, 1999
To determine the temporal variation in the levels of polychlorinated dibenzo‐p‐dioxins (PCDDs) an... more To determine the temporal variation in the levels of polychlorinated dibenzo‐p‐dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) in vegetation grown near an old municipal solid waste incinerator (Montcada, Barcelona, Spain), 24 herbage samples were collected at the same sampling points in which samples had been taken one year before. While in the previous survey PCDD/F concentrations ranged from 1.07 to 3.05 ng
ABSTRACT In this paper ten control strategies are tested, starting from a default tuning of the c... more ABSTRACT In this paper ten control strategies are tested, starting from a default tuning of the controllers, to evaluate its results in terms of general plant performance indicators such as the effluent quality index (EQI) and the operating cost index (OCI). Using the Benchmark simulation No 1 (BSM1), many simulations are done to determine the most sensitive parameter of the proportional-integral (PI) controllers implemented. The most sensitive parameter is selected by evaluating the influence of the proportional gain (Kp) and the integral time (Ti) in the general performance of the plant when they are changed into the proposed ranges. From the simulation study, Ti is selected as the most sensitive parameter. A comparison between the results in terms of EQI vs OCI graphics, varying Kp and Ti and the results varying only Ti, shows similar behaviours on the plant performance for all strategies.
ABSTRACT This paper presents the application of different control strategies applied for wastewat... more ABSTRACT This paper presents the application of different control strategies applied for wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). The main purpose is to evaluate its effectiveness/cost trade-off attending a set of criteria. The study has been performed by using the Benchmark Simulation Model No. 2 (BSM2) and the evaluation criteria have been selected taking into account the most relevant indicators provided by this benchmark scenario. More specifically, five strategies have been implemented and compared with the default closed loop control strategy (DCL) of BSM2 and between them. Results show that the control strategies that use the ammonia cascade controller provide better results in most of the evaluated criteria than the control strategies implemented by using only the oxygen controller. Ammonia controller improves the results in terms of effluent quality and operational costs due to the reported aeration energy savings. As a conclusion of this study the control strategy that uses the ammonia and carbon controllers has been selected as the most recommended for implementation.
Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A, 1999
To determine the temporal variation in the levels of polychlorinated dibenzo‐p‐dioxins (PCDDs) an... more To determine the temporal variation in the levels of polychlorinated dibenzo‐p‐dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) in vegetation grown near an old municipal solid waste incinerator (Montcada, Barcelona, Spain), 24 herbage samples were collected at the same sampling points in which samples had been taken one year before. While in the previous survey PCDD/F concentrations ranged from 1.07 to 3.05 ng
ABSTRACT In this paper ten control strategies are tested, starting from a default tuning of the c... more ABSTRACT In this paper ten control strategies are tested, starting from a default tuning of the controllers, to evaluate its results in terms of general plant performance indicators such as the effluent quality index (EQI) and the operating cost index (OCI). Using the Benchmark simulation No 1 (BSM1), many simulations are done to determine the most sensitive parameter of the proportional-integral (PI) controllers implemented. The most sensitive parameter is selected by evaluating the influence of the proportional gain (Kp) and the integral time (Ti) in the general performance of the plant when they are changed into the proposed ranges. From the simulation study, Ti is selected as the most sensitive parameter. A comparison between the results in terms of EQI vs OCI graphics, varying Kp and Ti and the results varying only Ti, shows similar behaviours on the plant performance for all strategies.
ABSTRACT This paper presents the application of different control strategies applied for wastewat... more ABSTRACT This paper presents the application of different control strategies applied for wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). The main purpose is to evaluate its effectiveness/cost trade-off attending a set of criteria. The study has been performed by using the Benchmark Simulation Model No. 2 (BSM2) and the evaluation criteria have been selected taking into account the most relevant indicators provided by this benchmark scenario. More specifically, five strategies have been implemented and compared with the default closed loop control strategy (DCL) of BSM2 and between them. Results show that the control strategies that use the ammonia cascade controller provide better results in most of the evaluated criteria than the control strategies implemented by using only the oxygen controller. Ammonia controller improves the results in terms of effluent quality and operational costs due to the reported aeration energy savings. As a conclusion of this study the control strategy that uses the ammonia and carbon controllers has been selected as the most recommended for implementation.
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