Lee, MinWoo. (2023). An Analysis of Korean communication competency recognition and needs of lear... more Lee, MinWoo. (2023). An Analysis of Korean communication competency recognition and needs of learners of Korean as a foreign language: Focusing on students majoring in Korean language at cyber universities. Foreign Languages Education, 31(2), 257-278. This study investigated and analyzed the recognition and needs for Korean communication competency among non-Korean learners who participated in an online Korean language course. To this end, the importance, performance, and necessity of the categories of communication competency recognized by Korean language learners were measured, and then IPA(Importancce-Performance Analysis: Martilla & James, 1977) analysis and Borich's needs analysis(Borich, 1980) were used. After implementation, we examined whether there were differences in outcomes depending on learner variables. After examining the sub-items, it was found that there were differences in importance, current level, and need depending on the learner's home country, and there were differences in current level, demand, and necessity depending on academic background and Korean language proficiency. In addition, there are differences in need depending on the learner's reason for learning Korean, so it is necessary to respond to individual learnier's needs according to learner variables when * 이 연구는 2023학년도 사이버한국외국어대학교 교내학술연구비의 지원에 의하여 이루어진 것 임.
In this study, we investigated the degree of word semantic relationship recognized by humans and ... more In this study, we investigated the degree of word semantic relationship recognized by humans and the degree of word semantic similarity calculation by three popular Korean embedding models(LSA, Word2Vec, FastText) and ETRI Open API. The results of comparing the differences are as follow. First, as a result of analyzing the embedding models using the NIKLex as a performance indicator, there was a significant difference between human perception and computer perception overall. In other words, it can be said that there are currently no machine embedding models that show a significant relationship with the Korean evaluation dataset, which is the only human judgment dataset for the Lexical Relations Data. As a result of dividing the Korean semantic relation data into detailed characteristic groups such as beta coefficient, frequency, and semantic relationship and comparing them with the embedding model, antonyms, high-frequency words, and the fourth quartile of beta coefficients showed overall high relevance. Existing embedding models cannot explain the entire human perception of semantic relationships, but may show a high correlation with human perception in certain semantic
The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors affecting learners' satisfaction in online Ko... more The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors affecting learners' satisfaction in online Korean classes to identify implications for more effective online Korean classes. To this end, this study analyzed the satisfaction evaluation results and teacher activity patterns of learners who participated in the online Korean language course at the Online King Sejong Institute in 2022 to identify factors affecting satisfaction. The analysis results are as follows. First, depending on the teacher, there was a large variation in the number of LMS(Learning Management System) logins and the number of times they communicated with learners through class bulletin boards. Second, there was a difference in learners’ satisfaction according to the type of lecture, and the satisfaction with the lecture-supported class that combines real-time classes was high. Third, among the factors affecting learner satisfaction, teacher satisfaction was found to have the greatest impact, and it was found that teacher’s bulletin board activities had an effect on teacher satisfaction. Finally, it can be seen that both the teacher’s bulletin board activities and satisfaction with the teacher affect the completion rate. This suggests that the role of teachers is very important for learners to successfully perform their studies.
이 논문은 대중분류관계(Folksonomy)의 개념을 소개하고, 이것이 어휘관계 연구에 던지는 의의에 대해서 살펴보는 것을 목적으로 한다. 대중분류관계는 검색을 쉽게 하기 위... more 이 논문은 대중분류관계(Folksonomy)의 개념을 소개하고, 이것이 어휘관계 연구에 던지는 의의에 대해서 살펴보는 것을 목적으로 한다. 대중분류관계는 검색을 쉽게 하기 위해 정보 및 객체에 개인이 자유롭게 부여한 태그의 집합체이다. 이러한 태그 집합체는 일정한 어휘관계를 형성한다. 이 논문은 대중분류에 대한 실험결과를 통해 다음 두 가지 의의를 찾을 수 있었다. 첫째, 인간의 신체화된 경험을 바탕으로 한 개념화를 밝히고자 하는 인지언어학의 기본 전제가 타당하다는 점이다. 둘째, 어휘관계가 언어 내적인 관계성 중심이 아닌, 특정 사건/사물과 언어 간에 맺고 있는 관계에서 비롯된다는 점이다. 이는 결과적으로 어휘관계가 고정적이지 않고, 역동성과 문맥의존성을 갖는다는 것을 보여준다.
Lee, MinWoo. 2022. A Study on the Needs Analysis of the Korean
Teacher Training Courses: Focusing... more Lee, MinWoo. 2022. A Study on the Needs Analysis of the Korean Teacher Training Courses: Focusing on the Cyber University Degree Courses. Journal of Korean Language Education 33-3: 147-166. This study analyzed the needs of the Korean language teacher training courses for the purpose of developing a curriculum that can have professional competence in line with the rapidly changing educational field. For the needs analysis, the t-test and the Borich and The Locus for Focus model were used, and the order of educational necessity was confirmed by adding the necessity item. As a result of the analysis, the difference between current students and graduates was confirmed in importance, demand, and necessity. In addition, it was confirmed that the survey respondents within the same group recognized separately what they thought was important and what they thought was necessary for actual education. Through this study, it will be possible to confirm the implications for the development and revision of Korean language teacher training courses.
Lee, MinWoo. 2022. 5. 31. A Study on Attitudes, Expectations and Awareness for Online Korean Educ... more Lee, MinWoo. 2022. 5. 31. A Study on Attitudes, Expectations and Awareness for Online Korean Education: Focusing on the comparison of online King Sejong Institute teachers and learners. Bilingual Research 87, 49-71. This study analyzed the attitudes, expectations and Awareness for online Korean language education for teachers and learners who participated in the online King Sejong Institute curriculum. As a result of the survey, teachers preferred offline education to online education and had lower attitudes and expectations for online Korean education than learners. Unlike teachers, learners showed no difference in satisfaction between online and offline education, and their attitudes and expectations toward online education were also high. It was found that well-prepared online classes can be satisfactory to learners through the learners' high attitudes and expectations for online Korean education. In addition, it was confirmed that online education, like offline education, satisfies learners by operating an appropriate curriculum and providing high-quality materials, and can sufficiently contribute to the improvement of learners' language ability. It was found that teachers, unlike learners, had difficulties in conducting online education and did not have much confidence in the effectiveness of education. In particular, they complained of a lot of anxiety and difficulty about the unfamiliar teaching method, which is interpreted as reflecting the attitude of teachers who are familiar with real-time education. From this point of view, it can be seen that it is most important to provide teachers with the ability to utilize online teaching tools and implement various online teaching and learning in order to conduct online Korean language education. If appropriate teacher education for online education, provision of educational materials, and system support are provided, it is expected that teachers' attitudes and awareness of online education will also increase.
An Analysis of Korean Learners’ Errors by Proficiency: Focus on Statistical Analysis using the Mu... more An Analysis of Korean Learners’ Errors by Proficiency: Focus on Statistical Analysis using the Multinominal Logistic Regression Model. Journal of Korean Language Education 31-2: 143-169. This study attempted to grasp the characteristics of errors according to the proficiency level of Korean learners by statistically analyzing the corpus in large-scale learners. This study examined the characteristics of proficiency-level errors in the location, pattern, and level of errors in the learner’s corpus using the multinominal logistic regression model along with observing the occurrence rate. As a result, some errors showed that the frequency or probability of occurrence decreased significantly as the proficiency level increased, but there were some types of errors that appeared steadily. Through this study, the characteristic types of proficiency-level errors were presented. This study is significant in that it statistically searched for significant variables at each stage of learning by comparing and analyzing the overall errors using large-scale learner balanced corpus data.
Quantitative estimation of semantic change: A study on change of meaning using corpus. Korean Sem... more Quantitative estimation of semantic change: A study on change of meaning using corpus. Korean Semantics, 72. This study introduces methods that can objectively and scientifically capture and describe changes in meaning using corpus data through studies applying statistical methods that have been conducted recently. For statistical inference on the change in meaning, historically recorded data must be quantified and used through a specific calculation method. A representative method of numerically analyzing language data is to use the Semantic Vector Space(SVM), which is also commonly used in the language data analysis method that has been very active in recent years. Recently, a great progress has been made in capturing and explaining semantic changes using these methods. Quantitative estimation of semantic change using computational statistics is based on frequency-based, similarity-based, and network-based methods depending on the representation of meaning Can be divided into. The difference between the use of meaning in the present and the use of meaning in the past can be confirmed by comparing the context similarity of the text. If there is a large change in usage compared to the present, the context similarity will be lower, and if there is no change, the context similarity will be high. In order to grasp a detailed and specific change in meaning, a method of comparing a list of key expressions or words that well reveals the meaning of the context can be used by calculating the similarity between expressions or words in the corpus by period. Meaning expansion and reduction, which are representative results of meaning change, can be grasped by measuring the change in the scope of use, and the rise and fall of meaning can be grasped through sentiment analysis. By statistically analyzing the historical corpus in this way, it is possible to statistically grasp the historical changes in the meaning of the Korean language, and suggest implications on how to identify and analyze the change in language meaning.
<Abstract> Lee Min-Woo, 2020. A study on the change of the semantic domain of emotional words thr... more <Abstract> Lee Min-Woo, 2020. A study on the change of the semantic domain of emotional words through analysis of historical corpus. Korean Semantics, 70. This study attempted to capture changes in language use by using statistical methodology that enables detailed and accurate observation of language phenomena hidden in large corpus. To this end, eight contexts of emotion words were extracted from corpus of early 20C and late 20C and corpus analysis was performed. In this study, the method used to grasp the change of language semantic use is to analyze the language semantic information by substituting a vector space having size and direction. By using the statistical weight(TF-IDF), semantic distance measurement using cosine similarity, and density, the corpus was compared to understand the change pattern. At this time, we examined how the semantic change is made concretely by analyzing and comparing the categories and networks that are formed by the relationship of contexts rather than isolated units. As a result of the study, it was possible to capture general meaning changes such as widening and narrowing of meanings in terms of emotional words, and pejorative and ameliorative of meanings.(Cyber Hankuk University of Foreign Studies) 핵심어: 감정어(emotional words), 의미변화(semantic change), 의미 영역 * 이 논문은 2018년 대한민국 교육부와 한국연구재단의 지원을 받아 수행된 연구임 (NRF-2018S1A5A8029310).
This study attempted to capture changes in language use by using statistical methodology that ena... more This study attempted to capture changes in language use by using statistical methodology that enables detailed and accurate observation of language phenomena hidden in large corpus. To this end, eight contexts of emotion words were extracted from corpus of early 20C and late 20C and corpus analysis was performed. In this study, the method used to grasp the change of language semantic use is to analyze the language semantic information by substituting a vector space having size and direction. By using the statistical weight(TF-IDF), semantic distance measurement using cosine similarity, and density, the corpus was compared to understand the change pattern. At this time, we examined how the semantic change is made concretely by analyzing and comparing the categories and networks that are formed by the relationship of contexts rather than isolated units. As a result of the study, it was possible to capture general meaning changes such as widening and narrowing of meanings in terms of emotional words, and pejorative and ameliorative of meanings.
Hur, Wonjin, Lee, MinWoo. 2019. 12. 31. Study on Korean language learner's vocabulary usage. Bili... more Hur, Wonjin, Lee, MinWoo. 2019. 12. 31. Study on Korean language learner's vocabulary usage. Bilingual Research 77, 215-239. This study is a statistical analysis of Korean language learners' vocabulary usage according to the learning proficiency. This study was analyzed using a large Korean learner corpus built by the National Institute of Korean Language. Korean language learners used 249 words and 97 types on average, and as Korean language proficiency increased, the number of words increased by 163 and word types by 54 on average. In addition, as a result of analyzing the use of educational vocabulary of Korean language learners, as the learner's level improved, the percentage of beginner's vocabulary decreased and the percentage of intermediate and advanced vocabulary increased. At all levels, the basic vocabulary was used a lot. As the learning level improved, the types of words used increased, but the use of high-level words did not increase significantly. The use of high frequency vocabulary by Korean language learners decreased more slowly than Koreans' use of modern language. The ratio of use of educational vocabulary between advanced Korean learners and modern Korean is very similar. However, advanced Korean language learners used fewer advanced vocabularies than Koreans. Among the high frequency vocabulary, vocabulary with basic semantic function showed consistent usage regardless of Korean language proficiency. Also, the vocabulary usage pattern by theme was different according to the level of Korean language proficiency. (Cyber Hankuk University of Foreign Studies)
Lee, Min-Woo. 2019. Semantic relations from the contextual perspective. Korean Semantics,. This s... more Lee, Min-Woo. 2019. Semantic relations from the contextual perspective. Korean Semantics,. This study discusses how to view semantic relations from a contextual perspective. From a contextualist point of view, semantic relations do not exist as a fixed within the vocabulary, but rather in the individual context of use of those who use the language. So semantic relationship is variable and complex depending on usage. Meaning depends on the individual who uses the language with intent, and people reasonably interpret individual meanings. In this process, meaning is always used for communication in an unstable state of change. Semantic relations exist not as a coherent structure but as a complex system that is constantly changing, as previously thought. Therefore, in order to understand this, we should 107pay attention to the use of semantics that progress from time to time, and through this, we can capture semantic relationships as a new structure.(Cyber Hankuk University of Foreign Studies)
An Analysis of Pre-modern Korean Lexical Meaning Using Historical Corpus: Focusing on the use of... more An Analysis of Pre-modern Korean Lexical Meaning Using Historical Corpus: Focusing on the use of “love” in the early and late twentieth century Lee, Minwoo
This study compares the patterns in the use of the word “love” at the beginning of the twentieth century using central words and network analysis. The main change in the use of “love” is as follows. First, the use of the noun “love” and the verb “love” are reversed according to the changing times. This is because the use is centered on the conceptualization of “love” focusing on the expressions or actions of emotions. The noun “love” is mainly used as a direct title for the object of love; however, this use is reducing, and its use as a general noun is increasing. Furthermore, the diversity of “love” related nouns has increased, but the verbal diversity of related verbs has decreased. This means that the narrative aspect of love has been reduced, but the object of love has been expanded. Additionally, a noticeable change in meaning is that twentiethcentury “love” is centered on expressing subjective feelings about personal relationships and objects, but this can be said to be extended to social objects and objectified love techniques at the end of the century. In this process of change, the object of love is greatly expanded. Moreover, we could guess the increase or decrease of specific meanings in the analysis process. In the context of the early twentieth century, “to very care for and value people or existence,” “to misses or likes between men and women,” and “enthusiastically likes people or exists” are revealed to be central meanings. However, there are few examples that can be interpreted as meaning “to cherish or enjoy something,” to “understand and help others,” and “being attracted to sexual attraction.” In this way, the meaning of “love” at this time shows a narrower use pattern than the present, and seems to be extended to various objects and sexual meanings by the twentieth century.
Key Words: Early Modern Period, LOVE, Lexical Meaning Change, Corpus Analysis, Network Analysis, Central Word Analysis, TF-IDF
Journal of Korean Language Education 29-4: 93-112. The purpose of this study is to deal with voca... more Journal of Korean Language Education 29-4: 93-112. The purpose of this study is to deal with vocabulary in KFL. As a result of this study, learners learned vocabulary on average 43 points through contextual inference and introduction of the class to activate background knowledge. In particular, the implicit method showed the highest learning rate of 52 points, and the thematic method had a 41 point-learning rate. In contrast, the semantic method was the lowest with a 25 point-learning rate. There was no significant difference in the improvement rate of upper vocabulary learners, but in the case of the lower learner, there was significant difference in the improvement rate. The difference was not significant in the post-test relative gain rate of upper learners, but there was significant in lower learners. In the delayed test relative gain rate, the difference was significant in all groups. There was correlation between vocabulary difficulty and score, but there was no correlation with the thematic method. And there was no correlation between vocabulary difficulty, improvement rate and relative gain rate in all three classes. However, content understanding, lexical grade, improvement rate, and relative gain rate showed a significant correlation. (Cyber Hankuk University of Foreign Studies)
A Study on dynamics of semantic change by corpus analysis: Focusing on how to capture meaning cha... more A Study on dynamics of semantic change by corpus analysis: Focusing on how to capture meaning change by using statistical analysis,
The purpose of this study is to capture the aspect of semantic change using statistical analysis of corpus. For this purpose, we used the statistical analysis of the vector space model to investigate the changes in language usage patterns using corpus divided into the early 20th and late 20th centuries. In this study, four words such as '아가씨(lady), 아저씨(uncle), 아주머니(aunt), and 아줌마(aunt)' selected to observe showed a dynamic change in meaning through two periods. First, the volatility of the words in the early 20th was relatively high compared to the words in the late 20th. As a result of observing the cosine similarity between contexts, '아가씨' has expanded its usage meaning and '아주머니' has been reduced to the contrary. '아저씨' showed a diminishing aspect, but it was not statistically significant. '아줌마' did not appear in early 20th, but appeared in the corpus of the late 20th, contributing to the differentiation of '아주머니'. As a result of emotional analysis, '아주머니' has risen positively, '아저씨' has dropped negatively and '아줌마' has been calculated as negative polarity value. '아가씨' was positive in both periods, but the polarity value showed a decline. The results of this study suggest that the statistical analysis can be used to capture the fundamental changes in meaning.
A study on the Effect of the Context Focusing Method on the Vocabulary Learning
: Focusing on Kor... more A study on the Effect of the Context Focusing Method on the Vocabulary Learning : Focusing on Korean Language Classes for Academic Purposes of University Students
Lee, MinWoo
This study confirmed the vocabulary learning patterns according to the context focusing method using semantic relations. As a result, the vocabulary scores of the learners improved by 29.74 points on average and showed a vocabulary learning rate of 30.37 points. Also, the correlations between vocabulary difficulty, improvement rate, and learning rate were very low, indicating that the semantic relation vocabulary used for context focusing showed a learning effect irrespective of the degree of difficulty. However, there were differences in vocabulary learning patterns depending on the types of semantic relations used for focusing. Using the synonym, the overall effect was lower than that of using other semantic relations. Even when using the hyponym, it did not show a clear effect. On the other hand, the learning effect was greatest when the antonyms were used, and the correlation between the vocabulary difficulty and the score was very low.
Lee, Min-Woo· Kim, Jin-Hae. 2016. 08. A Study on Linguistic Modernity Found in Korean Printed Cla... more Lee, Min-Woo· Kim, Jin-Hae. 2016. 08. A Study on Linguistic Modernity Found in Korean Printed Classic Novels Written in the Early 20th Century. Korean Linguistics 72, 55-84. The purpose of this study is to examine linguistic modernity found in the corpus of Korean printed classic novels written in the early 20th century. This study investigates linguistic modernity found in Korean printed classic novels with the following five characteristics: syllabification and the exclusive use of Hangul, the use of modern vocabulary, the shortening of sentences and the use of conjunctions, the ending type changed from ‘-ra(라)’ to ‘-da(다)’, and the establishment of tense prefinal endings. this study is significant in that it has examined the aspects of change in social recognition in relation to language use in order to figure out how modernized recognition is reflected to language use at that time throughout the process of linguistic change.
Min Woo Lee (2017), An Analysis of Meaning Usage of Synonymous Words. Studies in Linguistics 44, ... more Min Woo Lee (2017), An Analysis of Meaning Usage of Synonymous Words. Studies in Linguistics 44, 135-154. The purpose of this study is to examine multiple segmentation patterns of synonyms and to identify the aspect of their usage. To do this, we quantitatively investigate the use ratio of 62 synonyms according to their multiple meanings. Through this, we could confirm the degree of synonymic rate, directionality, and characteristics of use by objective values. Findings of this study are as follows. First, meaningful semantic correspondence shows one-sided directionality. Also, the semantic correspondence shows a relatively higher degree of similarity on the lower frequency side. The asymmetry of synonymic relation is not simply the asymmetry of quantitative use but the asymmetry in the direction of meaningful correspondence. In addition, it is found that the asymmetry of usage increases when the directional identity is greater. This study presented the similarity of synonyms as an objective measure. It is meaningful in that it provides a basis for objectively explaining the degree of similarity and the characteristics of the meaningful relationships, which were only intuitively grasped. lexical meaning, synonymy, synonym, analysis of meaning usage, degree of synonymic rate, asymmetry of synonym
Lee, MinWoo. (2023). An Analysis of Korean communication competency recognition and needs of lear... more Lee, MinWoo. (2023). An Analysis of Korean communication competency recognition and needs of learners of Korean as a foreign language: Focusing on students majoring in Korean language at cyber universities. Foreign Languages Education, 31(2), 257-278. This study investigated and analyzed the recognition and needs for Korean communication competency among non-Korean learners who participated in an online Korean language course. To this end, the importance, performance, and necessity of the categories of communication competency recognized by Korean language learners were measured, and then IPA(Importancce-Performance Analysis: Martilla & James, 1977) analysis and Borich's needs analysis(Borich, 1980) were used. After implementation, we examined whether there were differences in outcomes depending on learner variables. After examining the sub-items, it was found that there were differences in importance, current level, and need depending on the learner's home country, and there were differences in current level, demand, and necessity depending on academic background and Korean language proficiency. In addition, there are differences in need depending on the learner's reason for learning Korean, so it is necessary to respond to individual learnier's needs according to learner variables when * 이 연구는 2023학년도 사이버한국외국어대학교 교내학술연구비의 지원에 의하여 이루어진 것 임.
In this study, we investigated the degree of word semantic relationship recognized by humans and ... more In this study, we investigated the degree of word semantic relationship recognized by humans and the degree of word semantic similarity calculation by three popular Korean embedding models(LSA, Word2Vec, FastText) and ETRI Open API. The results of comparing the differences are as follow. First, as a result of analyzing the embedding models using the NIKLex as a performance indicator, there was a significant difference between human perception and computer perception overall. In other words, it can be said that there are currently no machine embedding models that show a significant relationship with the Korean evaluation dataset, which is the only human judgment dataset for the Lexical Relations Data. As a result of dividing the Korean semantic relation data into detailed characteristic groups such as beta coefficient, frequency, and semantic relationship and comparing them with the embedding model, antonyms, high-frequency words, and the fourth quartile of beta coefficients showed overall high relevance. Existing embedding models cannot explain the entire human perception of semantic relationships, but may show a high correlation with human perception in certain semantic
The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors affecting learners' satisfaction in online Ko... more The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors affecting learners' satisfaction in online Korean classes to identify implications for more effective online Korean classes. To this end, this study analyzed the satisfaction evaluation results and teacher activity patterns of learners who participated in the online Korean language course at the Online King Sejong Institute in 2022 to identify factors affecting satisfaction. The analysis results are as follows. First, depending on the teacher, there was a large variation in the number of LMS(Learning Management System) logins and the number of times they communicated with learners through class bulletin boards. Second, there was a difference in learners’ satisfaction according to the type of lecture, and the satisfaction with the lecture-supported class that combines real-time classes was high. Third, among the factors affecting learner satisfaction, teacher satisfaction was found to have the greatest impact, and it was found that teacher’s bulletin board activities had an effect on teacher satisfaction. Finally, it can be seen that both the teacher’s bulletin board activities and satisfaction with the teacher affect the completion rate. This suggests that the role of teachers is very important for learners to successfully perform their studies.
이 논문은 대중분류관계(Folksonomy)의 개념을 소개하고, 이것이 어휘관계 연구에 던지는 의의에 대해서 살펴보는 것을 목적으로 한다. 대중분류관계는 검색을 쉽게 하기 위... more 이 논문은 대중분류관계(Folksonomy)의 개념을 소개하고, 이것이 어휘관계 연구에 던지는 의의에 대해서 살펴보는 것을 목적으로 한다. 대중분류관계는 검색을 쉽게 하기 위해 정보 및 객체에 개인이 자유롭게 부여한 태그의 집합체이다. 이러한 태그 집합체는 일정한 어휘관계를 형성한다. 이 논문은 대중분류에 대한 실험결과를 통해 다음 두 가지 의의를 찾을 수 있었다. 첫째, 인간의 신체화된 경험을 바탕으로 한 개념화를 밝히고자 하는 인지언어학의 기본 전제가 타당하다는 점이다. 둘째, 어휘관계가 언어 내적인 관계성 중심이 아닌, 특정 사건/사물과 언어 간에 맺고 있는 관계에서 비롯된다는 점이다. 이는 결과적으로 어휘관계가 고정적이지 않고, 역동성과 문맥의존성을 갖는다는 것을 보여준다.
Lee, MinWoo. 2022. A Study on the Needs Analysis of the Korean
Teacher Training Courses: Focusing... more Lee, MinWoo. 2022. A Study on the Needs Analysis of the Korean Teacher Training Courses: Focusing on the Cyber University Degree Courses. Journal of Korean Language Education 33-3: 147-166. This study analyzed the needs of the Korean language teacher training courses for the purpose of developing a curriculum that can have professional competence in line with the rapidly changing educational field. For the needs analysis, the t-test and the Borich and The Locus for Focus model were used, and the order of educational necessity was confirmed by adding the necessity item. As a result of the analysis, the difference between current students and graduates was confirmed in importance, demand, and necessity. In addition, it was confirmed that the survey respondents within the same group recognized separately what they thought was important and what they thought was necessary for actual education. Through this study, it will be possible to confirm the implications for the development and revision of Korean language teacher training courses.
Lee, MinWoo. 2022. 5. 31. A Study on Attitudes, Expectations and Awareness for Online Korean Educ... more Lee, MinWoo. 2022. 5. 31. A Study on Attitudes, Expectations and Awareness for Online Korean Education: Focusing on the comparison of online King Sejong Institute teachers and learners. Bilingual Research 87, 49-71. This study analyzed the attitudes, expectations and Awareness for online Korean language education for teachers and learners who participated in the online King Sejong Institute curriculum. As a result of the survey, teachers preferred offline education to online education and had lower attitudes and expectations for online Korean education than learners. Unlike teachers, learners showed no difference in satisfaction between online and offline education, and their attitudes and expectations toward online education were also high. It was found that well-prepared online classes can be satisfactory to learners through the learners' high attitudes and expectations for online Korean education. In addition, it was confirmed that online education, like offline education, satisfies learners by operating an appropriate curriculum and providing high-quality materials, and can sufficiently contribute to the improvement of learners' language ability. It was found that teachers, unlike learners, had difficulties in conducting online education and did not have much confidence in the effectiveness of education. In particular, they complained of a lot of anxiety and difficulty about the unfamiliar teaching method, which is interpreted as reflecting the attitude of teachers who are familiar with real-time education. From this point of view, it can be seen that it is most important to provide teachers with the ability to utilize online teaching tools and implement various online teaching and learning in order to conduct online Korean language education. If appropriate teacher education for online education, provision of educational materials, and system support are provided, it is expected that teachers' attitudes and awareness of online education will also increase.
An Analysis of Korean Learners’ Errors by Proficiency: Focus on Statistical Analysis using the Mu... more An Analysis of Korean Learners’ Errors by Proficiency: Focus on Statistical Analysis using the Multinominal Logistic Regression Model. Journal of Korean Language Education 31-2: 143-169. This study attempted to grasp the characteristics of errors according to the proficiency level of Korean learners by statistically analyzing the corpus in large-scale learners. This study examined the characteristics of proficiency-level errors in the location, pattern, and level of errors in the learner’s corpus using the multinominal logistic regression model along with observing the occurrence rate. As a result, some errors showed that the frequency or probability of occurrence decreased significantly as the proficiency level increased, but there were some types of errors that appeared steadily. Through this study, the characteristic types of proficiency-level errors were presented. This study is significant in that it statistically searched for significant variables at each stage of learning by comparing and analyzing the overall errors using large-scale learner balanced corpus data.
Quantitative estimation of semantic change: A study on change of meaning using corpus. Korean Sem... more Quantitative estimation of semantic change: A study on change of meaning using corpus. Korean Semantics, 72. This study introduces methods that can objectively and scientifically capture and describe changes in meaning using corpus data through studies applying statistical methods that have been conducted recently. For statistical inference on the change in meaning, historically recorded data must be quantified and used through a specific calculation method. A representative method of numerically analyzing language data is to use the Semantic Vector Space(SVM), which is also commonly used in the language data analysis method that has been very active in recent years. Recently, a great progress has been made in capturing and explaining semantic changes using these methods. Quantitative estimation of semantic change using computational statistics is based on frequency-based, similarity-based, and network-based methods depending on the representation of meaning Can be divided into. The difference between the use of meaning in the present and the use of meaning in the past can be confirmed by comparing the context similarity of the text. If there is a large change in usage compared to the present, the context similarity will be lower, and if there is no change, the context similarity will be high. In order to grasp a detailed and specific change in meaning, a method of comparing a list of key expressions or words that well reveals the meaning of the context can be used by calculating the similarity between expressions or words in the corpus by period. Meaning expansion and reduction, which are representative results of meaning change, can be grasped by measuring the change in the scope of use, and the rise and fall of meaning can be grasped through sentiment analysis. By statistically analyzing the historical corpus in this way, it is possible to statistically grasp the historical changes in the meaning of the Korean language, and suggest implications on how to identify and analyze the change in language meaning.
<Abstract> Lee Min-Woo, 2020. A study on the change of the semantic domain of emotional words thr... more <Abstract> Lee Min-Woo, 2020. A study on the change of the semantic domain of emotional words through analysis of historical corpus. Korean Semantics, 70. This study attempted to capture changes in language use by using statistical methodology that enables detailed and accurate observation of language phenomena hidden in large corpus. To this end, eight contexts of emotion words were extracted from corpus of early 20C and late 20C and corpus analysis was performed. In this study, the method used to grasp the change of language semantic use is to analyze the language semantic information by substituting a vector space having size and direction. By using the statistical weight(TF-IDF), semantic distance measurement using cosine similarity, and density, the corpus was compared to understand the change pattern. At this time, we examined how the semantic change is made concretely by analyzing and comparing the categories and networks that are formed by the relationship of contexts rather than isolated units. As a result of the study, it was possible to capture general meaning changes such as widening and narrowing of meanings in terms of emotional words, and pejorative and ameliorative of meanings.(Cyber Hankuk University of Foreign Studies) 핵심어: 감정어(emotional words), 의미변화(semantic change), 의미 영역 * 이 논문은 2018년 대한민국 교육부와 한국연구재단의 지원을 받아 수행된 연구임 (NRF-2018S1A5A8029310).
This study attempted to capture changes in language use by using statistical methodology that ena... more This study attempted to capture changes in language use by using statistical methodology that enables detailed and accurate observation of language phenomena hidden in large corpus. To this end, eight contexts of emotion words were extracted from corpus of early 20C and late 20C and corpus analysis was performed. In this study, the method used to grasp the change of language semantic use is to analyze the language semantic information by substituting a vector space having size and direction. By using the statistical weight(TF-IDF), semantic distance measurement using cosine similarity, and density, the corpus was compared to understand the change pattern. At this time, we examined how the semantic change is made concretely by analyzing and comparing the categories and networks that are formed by the relationship of contexts rather than isolated units. As a result of the study, it was possible to capture general meaning changes such as widening and narrowing of meanings in terms of emotional words, and pejorative and ameliorative of meanings.
Hur, Wonjin, Lee, MinWoo. 2019. 12. 31. Study on Korean language learner's vocabulary usage. Bili... more Hur, Wonjin, Lee, MinWoo. 2019. 12. 31. Study on Korean language learner's vocabulary usage. Bilingual Research 77, 215-239. This study is a statistical analysis of Korean language learners' vocabulary usage according to the learning proficiency. This study was analyzed using a large Korean learner corpus built by the National Institute of Korean Language. Korean language learners used 249 words and 97 types on average, and as Korean language proficiency increased, the number of words increased by 163 and word types by 54 on average. In addition, as a result of analyzing the use of educational vocabulary of Korean language learners, as the learner's level improved, the percentage of beginner's vocabulary decreased and the percentage of intermediate and advanced vocabulary increased. At all levels, the basic vocabulary was used a lot. As the learning level improved, the types of words used increased, but the use of high-level words did not increase significantly. The use of high frequency vocabulary by Korean language learners decreased more slowly than Koreans' use of modern language. The ratio of use of educational vocabulary between advanced Korean learners and modern Korean is very similar. However, advanced Korean language learners used fewer advanced vocabularies than Koreans. Among the high frequency vocabulary, vocabulary with basic semantic function showed consistent usage regardless of Korean language proficiency. Also, the vocabulary usage pattern by theme was different according to the level of Korean language proficiency. (Cyber Hankuk University of Foreign Studies)
Lee, Min-Woo. 2019. Semantic relations from the contextual perspective. Korean Semantics,. This s... more Lee, Min-Woo. 2019. Semantic relations from the contextual perspective. Korean Semantics,. This study discusses how to view semantic relations from a contextual perspective. From a contextualist point of view, semantic relations do not exist as a fixed within the vocabulary, but rather in the individual context of use of those who use the language. So semantic relationship is variable and complex depending on usage. Meaning depends on the individual who uses the language with intent, and people reasonably interpret individual meanings. In this process, meaning is always used for communication in an unstable state of change. Semantic relations exist not as a coherent structure but as a complex system that is constantly changing, as previously thought. Therefore, in order to understand this, we should 107pay attention to the use of semantics that progress from time to time, and through this, we can capture semantic relationships as a new structure.(Cyber Hankuk University of Foreign Studies)
An Analysis of Pre-modern Korean Lexical Meaning Using Historical Corpus: Focusing on the use of... more An Analysis of Pre-modern Korean Lexical Meaning Using Historical Corpus: Focusing on the use of “love” in the early and late twentieth century Lee, Minwoo
This study compares the patterns in the use of the word “love” at the beginning of the twentieth century using central words and network analysis. The main change in the use of “love” is as follows. First, the use of the noun “love” and the verb “love” are reversed according to the changing times. This is because the use is centered on the conceptualization of “love” focusing on the expressions or actions of emotions. The noun “love” is mainly used as a direct title for the object of love; however, this use is reducing, and its use as a general noun is increasing. Furthermore, the diversity of “love” related nouns has increased, but the verbal diversity of related verbs has decreased. This means that the narrative aspect of love has been reduced, but the object of love has been expanded. Additionally, a noticeable change in meaning is that twentiethcentury “love” is centered on expressing subjective feelings about personal relationships and objects, but this can be said to be extended to social objects and objectified love techniques at the end of the century. In this process of change, the object of love is greatly expanded. Moreover, we could guess the increase or decrease of specific meanings in the analysis process. In the context of the early twentieth century, “to very care for and value people or existence,” “to misses or likes between men and women,” and “enthusiastically likes people or exists” are revealed to be central meanings. However, there are few examples that can be interpreted as meaning “to cherish or enjoy something,” to “understand and help others,” and “being attracted to sexual attraction.” In this way, the meaning of “love” at this time shows a narrower use pattern than the present, and seems to be extended to various objects and sexual meanings by the twentieth century.
Key Words: Early Modern Period, LOVE, Lexical Meaning Change, Corpus Analysis, Network Analysis, Central Word Analysis, TF-IDF
Journal of Korean Language Education 29-4: 93-112. The purpose of this study is to deal with voca... more Journal of Korean Language Education 29-4: 93-112. The purpose of this study is to deal with vocabulary in KFL. As a result of this study, learners learned vocabulary on average 43 points through contextual inference and introduction of the class to activate background knowledge. In particular, the implicit method showed the highest learning rate of 52 points, and the thematic method had a 41 point-learning rate. In contrast, the semantic method was the lowest with a 25 point-learning rate. There was no significant difference in the improvement rate of upper vocabulary learners, but in the case of the lower learner, there was significant difference in the improvement rate. The difference was not significant in the post-test relative gain rate of upper learners, but there was significant in lower learners. In the delayed test relative gain rate, the difference was significant in all groups. There was correlation between vocabulary difficulty and score, but there was no correlation with the thematic method. And there was no correlation between vocabulary difficulty, improvement rate and relative gain rate in all three classes. However, content understanding, lexical grade, improvement rate, and relative gain rate showed a significant correlation. (Cyber Hankuk University of Foreign Studies)
A Study on dynamics of semantic change by corpus analysis: Focusing on how to capture meaning cha... more A Study on dynamics of semantic change by corpus analysis: Focusing on how to capture meaning change by using statistical analysis,
The purpose of this study is to capture the aspect of semantic change using statistical analysis of corpus. For this purpose, we used the statistical analysis of the vector space model to investigate the changes in language usage patterns using corpus divided into the early 20th and late 20th centuries. In this study, four words such as '아가씨(lady), 아저씨(uncle), 아주머니(aunt), and 아줌마(aunt)' selected to observe showed a dynamic change in meaning through two periods. First, the volatility of the words in the early 20th was relatively high compared to the words in the late 20th. As a result of observing the cosine similarity between contexts, '아가씨' has expanded its usage meaning and '아주머니' has been reduced to the contrary. '아저씨' showed a diminishing aspect, but it was not statistically significant. '아줌마' did not appear in early 20th, but appeared in the corpus of the late 20th, contributing to the differentiation of '아주머니'. As a result of emotional analysis, '아주머니' has risen positively, '아저씨' has dropped negatively and '아줌마' has been calculated as negative polarity value. '아가씨' was positive in both periods, but the polarity value showed a decline. The results of this study suggest that the statistical analysis can be used to capture the fundamental changes in meaning.
A study on the Effect of the Context Focusing Method on the Vocabulary Learning
: Focusing on Kor... more A study on the Effect of the Context Focusing Method on the Vocabulary Learning : Focusing on Korean Language Classes for Academic Purposes of University Students
Lee, MinWoo
This study confirmed the vocabulary learning patterns according to the context focusing method using semantic relations. As a result, the vocabulary scores of the learners improved by 29.74 points on average and showed a vocabulary learning rate of 30.37 points. Also, the correlations between vocabulary difficulty, improvement rate, and learning rate were very low, indicating that the semantic relation vocabulary used for context focusing showed a learning effect irrespective of the degree of difficulty. However, there were differences in vocabulary learning patterns depending on the types of semantic relations used for focusing. Using the synonym, the overall effect was lower than that of using other semantic relations. Even when using the hyponym, it did not show a clear effect. On the other hand, the learning effect was greatest when the antonyms were used, and the correlation between the vocabulary difficulty and the score was very low.
Lee, Min-Woo· Kim, Jin-Hae. 2016. 08. A Study on Linguistic Modernity Found in Korean Printed Cla... more Lee, Min-Woo· Kim, Jin-Hae. 2016. 08. A Study on Linguistic Modernity Found in Korean Printed Classic Novels Written in the Early 20th Century. Korean Linguistics 72, 55-84. The purpose of this study is to examine linguistic modernity found in the corpus of Korean printed classic novels written in the early 20th century. This study investigates linguistic modernity found in Korean printed classic novels with the following five characteristics: syllabification and the exclusive use of Hangul, the use of modern vocabulary, the shortening of sentences and the use of conjunctions, the ending type changed from ‘-ra(라)’ to ‘-da(다)’, and the establishment of tense prefinal endings. this study is significant in that it has examined the aspects of change in social recognition in relation to language use in order to figure out how modernized recognition is reflected to language use at that time throughout the process of linguistic change.
Min Woo Lee (2017), An Analysis of Meaning Usage of Synonymous Words. Studies in Linguistics 44, ... more Min Woo Lee (2017), An Analysis of Meaning Usage of Synonymous Words. Studies in Linguistics 44, 135-154. The purpose of this study is to examine multiple segmentation patterns of synonyms and to identify the aspect of their usage. To do this, we quantitatively investigate the use ratio of 62 synonyms according to their multiple meanings. Through this, we could confirm the degree of synonymic rate, directionality, and characteristics of use by objective values. Findings of this study are as follows. First, meaningful semantic correspondence shows one-sided directionality. Also, the semantic correspondence shows a relatively higher degree of similarity on the lower frequency side. The asymmetry of synonymic relation is not simply the asymmetry of quantitative use but the asymmetry in the direction of meaningful correspondence. In addition, it is found that the asymmetry of usage increases when the directional identity is greater. This study presented the similarity of synonyms as an objective measure. It is meaningful in that it provides a basis for objectively explaining the degree of similarity and the characteristics of the meaningful relationships, which were only intuitively grasped. lexical meaning, synonymy, synonym, analysis of meaning usage, degree of synonymic rate, asymmetry of synonym
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Teacher Training Courses: Focusing on the Cyber University Degree
Courses. Journal of Korean Language Education 33-3: 147-166. This study analyzed the needs of the Korean language teacher training courses for the purpose of developing a curriculum that can have professional competence in line with the rapidly changing educational field. For the needs analysis, the t-test and the Borich and The Locus for Focus model were used, and the order of educational necessity was confirmed by adding the necessity item. As a result of the analysis, the difference between current students and graduates was confirmed in importance, demand, and necessity. In addition, it was confirmed that the survey respondents within the same group recognized separately what they thought was important and what they thought was necessary for actual education. Through this study, it will be possible to confirm the implications for the development and revision of Korean language teacher training courses.
large-scale learner balanced corpus data.
Lee, Minwoo
This study compares the patterns in the use of the word “love” at the beginning of the twentieth century using central words and network analysis. The main change in the use of “love” is as follows. First, the use of the noun “love” and the verb “love” are reversed according to the changing times. This is because the use is centered on the conceptualization of “love” focusing on the expressions or actions of emotions. The noun “love” is mainly used as a direct title for the object of love; however, this use is reducing, and its use as a general noun is increasing. Furthermore, the diversity of “love” related nouns has increased, but the verbal diversity of related verbs has decreased. This means that the narrative aspect of love has been reduced, but the object of love has been expanded. Additionally, a noticeable change in meaning is that twentiethcentury “love” is centered on expressing subjective feelings about personal relationships and objects, but this can be said to be extended to social objects and objectified love techniques at the end of the century. In this process of change, the object of love is greatly expanded. Moreover, we could guess the increase or decrease of specific meanings in the analysis process. In the context of the early twentieth century, “to very care for and value people or existence,”
“to misses or likes between men and women,” and “enthusiastically likes people or exists” are revealed to be central meanings. However, there are few examples that can be interpreted as meaning “to cherish or enjoy something,” to “understand and help others,” and “being attracted to sexual attraction.” In this way, the meaning of “love” at this time shows a narrower use pattern than the present, and seems to be extended to various objects and sexual meanings by the twentieth century.
Key Words: Early Modern Period, LOVE, Lexical Meaning Change, Corpus
Analysis, Network Analysis, Central Word Analysis, TF-IDF
The purpose of this study is to capture the aspect of semantic change using statistical analysis of corpus. For this purpose, we used the statistical analysis of the vector space model to investigate the changes in language usage patterns using corpus divided into the early 20th and late 20th centuries. In this study, four words such as '아가씨(lady), 아저씨(uncle), 아주머니(aunt), and 아줌마(aunt)' selected to observe showed a dynamic change in meaning through two periods. First, the volatility of the words in the early 20th was relatively high compared to the words in the late 20th. As a result of observing the cosine similarity between contexts, '아가씨' has expanded its usage meaning and '아주머니' has been reduced to the contrary. '아저씨' showed a diminishing aspect, but it was not statistically significant. '아줌마' did not appear in early 20th, but appeared in the corpus of the late 20th, contributing to the differentiation of '아주머니'. As a result of emotional analysis, '아주머니' has risen positively, '아저씨' has dropped negatively and '아줌마' has been calculated as negative polarity value. '아가씨' was positive in both periods, but the polarity value showed a decline. The results of this study suggest that the statistical analysis can be used to capture the fundamental changes in meaning.
: Focusing on Korean Language Classes for Academic Purposes of University Students
Lee, MinWoo
This study confirmed the vocabulary learning patterns according to the context focusing method using semantic relations. As a result, the vocabulary scores of the learners improved by 29.74 points on average and showed a vocabulary learning rate of 30.37 points. Also, the correlations between vocabulary difficulty, improvement rate, and learning rate were very low, indicating that the semantic relation vocabulary used for context focusing showed a learning effect irrespective of the degree of difficulty. However, there were differences in vocabulary learning patterns depending on the types of semantic relations used for focusing. Using the synonym, the overall effect was lower than that of using other semantic relations. Even when using the hyponym, it did not show a clear effect. On the other hand, the learning effect was greatest when the antonyms were used, and the correlation between the vocabulary difficulty and the score was very low.
【Key words】lexical education, contextual reference, context focusing, semantic relation, synonym, antonym, hyponym
lexical meaning, synonymy, synonym, analysis of meaning usage, degree of synonymic rate, asymmetry of synonym
Teacher Training Courses: Focusing on the Cyber University Degree
Courses. Journal of Korean Language Education 33-3: 147-166. This study analyzed the needs of the Korean language teacher training courses for the purpose of developing a curriculum that can have professional competence in line with the rapidly changing educational field. For the needs analysis, the t-test and the Borich and The Locus for Focus model were used, and the order of educational necessity was confirmed by adding the necessity item. As a result of the analysis, the difference between current students and graduates was confirmed in importance, demand, and necessity. In addition, it was confirmed that the survey respondents within the same group recognized separately what they thought was important and what they thought was necessary for actual education. Through this study, it will be possible to confirm the implications for the development and revision of Korean language teacher training courses.
large-scale learner balanced corpus data.
Lee, Minwoo
This study compares the patterns in the use of the word “love” at the beginning of the twentieth century using central words and network analysis. The main change in the use of “love” is as follows. First, the use of the noun “love” and the verb “love” are reversed according to the changing times. This is because the use is centered on the conceptualization of “love” focusing on the expressions or actions of emotions. The noun “love” is mainly used as a direct title for the object of love; however, this use is reducing, and its use as a general noun is increasing. Furthermore, the diversity of “love” related nouns has increased, but the verbal diversity of related verbs has decreased. This means that the narrative aspect of love has been reduced, but the object of love has been expanded. Additionally, a noticeable change in meaning is that twentiethcentury “love” is centered on expressing subjective feelings about personal relationships and objects, but this can be said to be extended to social objects and objectified love techniques at the end of the century. In this process of change, the object of love is greatly expanded. Moreover, we could guess the increase or decrease of specific meanings in the analysis process. In the context of the early twentieth century, “to very care for and value people or existence,”
“to misses or likes between men and women,” and “enthusiastically likes people or exists” are revealed to be central meanings. However, there are few examples that can be interpreted as meaning “to cherish or enjoy something,” to “understand and help others,” and “being attracted to sexual attraction.” In this way, the meaning of “love” at this time shows a narrower use pattern than the present, and seems to be extended to various objects and sexual meanings by the twentieth century.
Key Words: Early Modern Period, LOVE, Lexical Meaning Change, Corpus
Analysis, Network Analysis, Central Word Analysis, TF-IDF
The purpose of this study is to capture the aspect of semantic change using statistical analysis of corpus. For this purpose, we used the statistical analysis of the vector space model to investigate the changes in language usage patterns using corpus divided into the early 20th and late 20th centuries. In this study, four words such as '아가씨(lady), 아저씨(uncle), 아주머니(aunt), and 아줌마(aunt)' selected to observe showed a dynamic change in meaning through two periods. First, the volatility of the words in the early 20th was relatively high compared to the words in the late 20th. As a result of observing the cosine similarity between contexts, '아가씨' has expanded its usage meaning and '아주머니' has been reduced to the contrary. '아저씨' showed a diminishing aspect, but it was not statistically significant. '아줌마' did not appear in early 20th, but appeared in the corpus of the late 20th, contributing to the differentiation of '아주머니'. As a result of emotional analysis, '아주머니' has risen positively, '아저씨' has dropped negatively and '아줌마' has been calculated as negative polarity value. '아가씨' was positive in both periods, but the polarity value showed a decline. The results of this study suggest that the statistical analysis can be used to capture the fundamental changes in meaning.
: Focusing on Korean Language Classes for Academic Purposes of University Students
Lee, MinWoo
This study confirmed the vocabulary learning patterns according to the context focusing method using semantic relations. As a result, the vocabulary scores of the learners improved by 29.74 points on average and showed a vocabulary learning rate of 30.37 points. Also, the correlations between vocabulary difficulty, improvement rate, and learning rate were very low, indicating that the semantic relation vocabulary used for context focusing showed a learning effect irrespective of the degree of difficulty. However, there were differences in vocabulary learning patterns depending on the types of semantic relations used for focusing. Using the synonym, the overall effect was lower than that of using other semantic relations. Even when using the hyponym, it did not show a clear effect. On the other hand, the learning effect was greatest when the antonyms were used, and the correlation between the vocabulary difficulty and the score was very low.
【Key words】lexical education, contextual reference, context focusing, semantic relation, synonym, antonym, hyponym
lexical meaning, synonymy, synonym, analysis of meaning usage, degree of synonymic rate, asymmetry of synonym