ABSTRACT The United States, pursuant to international treaties and customary law, has established maritime zones in which various activities are controlled or restricted. The limits of these zones, among a host of other information, have... more
ABSTRACT The United States, pursuant to international treaties and customary law, has established maritime zones in which various activities are controlled or restricted. The limits of these zones, among a host of other information, have for years been depicted on NOAA’s paper nautical charts. NOAA is responsible for depicting on its nautical charts the official U.S. limits of the 12 nautical mile Territorial Sea, 24 nautical mile Contiguous Zone, and 200 nautical mile Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). While valuable, the charts can only begin to give notice to the public of the complexity of the laws that rely on these marine boundaries. At times the charts have even added to public confusion. There is only so much a piece of paper can represent – but what is the NOAA chart trying to represent? And will technology help NOAA do a better job in the future?
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The protection and management of Underwater Cultural Heritage (UCH) is a challenging topic, as no single statute comprehensively protects UCH from all human activities. This paper provides an analysis of existing laws protecting UCH on... more
The protection and management of Underwater Cultural Heritage (UCH) is a challenging topic, as no single statute comprehensively protects UCH from all human activities. This paper provides an analysis of existing laws protecting UCH on the U.S. Outer Continental Shelf (OCS), identifies gaps in protection, and recommends legislative changes to address any gaps. The results of the analysis indicate a need for legislative changes to better protect UCH, including proposals to amend the Archaeological Resources Protection Act and/or the National Marine Sanctuaries Act.
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Research Interests:
While the US is not a signatory to the 2001 UNESCO Convention, much progress has been made by US agencies to implement its Rules and principles. The US signed an Agreement on Titanic with Rules that are nearly identical to the UNESCO... more
While the US is not a signatory to the 2001 UNESCO Convention, much progress has been made by US agencies to implement its Rules and principles. The US signed an Agreement on Titanic with Rules that are nearly identical to the UNESCO Convention. US agencies have also expressed support for the Rules and their implementation into their programs. This paper identifies these positive actions as well as the two primary concerns that have prevented the US from signing the Convention to date: (1) “creeping coastal State jurisdiction” and (2) treatment of sunken state vessels.
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This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the School of Law at DigitalCommons@Pace. It has been accepted for inclusion in Pace Environmental Law Review by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Pace. For more... more
This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the School of Law at DigitalCommons@Pace. It has been accepted for inclusion in Pace Environmental Law Review by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Pace. For more information, please ...