This article recounts a historical negotiation success during the Westphalia negotiations in the ... more This article recounts a historical negotiation success during the Westphalia negotiations in the 17th Century. Mr. Rudolf Wettstein, the then Mayor of Basel City, was able to single-handedly obtain exemptions for the Swiss cantons from being accountable to courts of the Holy Roman Empire of German Nations (HRGE), amounting to a declaration of independence. As a first step, the author describes the historical context of the negotiations and subsequently the negotiation process involving multi-actor international negotiations during the peace negotiations at Westphalia which consisted of multi-actor internal negotiations within the Swiss Confederation and external multi-party negotiations with the leading powers who participated in the Westphalia negotiation process. As a second step, concepts of negotiation theory are used as an attempt to make sense of Wettstein’s negotiation approach. The article concludes with a proposition for more theory building and provides initial concepts to better capture multi-actor negotiations.
... No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted i... more ... No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photo-copying, microfilming, recording or ... But do we real-ly know? Such a wide-ranging concept as negotiation is certainly no easy 18 ...
Current planning and management of cities are not adequate to cope with the increasing flow of fo... more Current planning and management of cities are not adequate to cope with the increasing flow of foreign and domestic migrants to urban areas. SDG 11, as part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, focuses on the need for sustained economic, social, and environmental development of urban areas. Implementation of development policies in urban areas is a longer term process and requires sustained public support. Public institutions across boundaries and hierarchical levels need to find ways to act in a coordinated and coherent manner, in support of the needed transformations to realize SDG 11. Acropsychology and its insights into complex policy-making process and development of institutions at the macro-level are very much needed to solve pressing developmental challenges to ensure urban sustainability in a holistic, effective, and efficient manner. Decision-makers need to stretch their mental models or schemas to “crossover” (Hand et al., Stepping up, by stepping out: Sustaining humanitarian work psychology. In I. McWha-Hermann, D. C. Maynard, & M. O’Neill Berry (Eds.), Humanitarian work psychology and the global development agenda: Case studies and Interventins (pp. 171–175). East Sussex, UK: Routledge, 2016) by forming multi-layered perspectives including meta-, macro-, meso-, and micro-realities of urban development. Measurements through appropriate indicators and robust feedback loops are necessary to avoid misdirection of resources and concomitant conflicts where the psychology of motivation and influencing up and down different levels of analysis need to be called into play. This chapter presents key challenges of urban development, identifies current shortcomings of the related SDG 11 indicators, and proposes solutions to align urban development with the core pillars of the 2030 Agenda by incorporating population science and macropsychology in their formulation.
Abstract Purpose The aim of this chapter is to describe and discuss the growing intersection of r... more Abstract Purpose The aim of this chapter is to describe and discuss the growing intersection of roles and functions between states and multinationals in the field of diplomacy and how diplomatic skills are needed to support transnational companies in their search for markets in emerging countries. Design/methodology/approach Given the rapidly changing international business environment, we can observe the emergence of business diplomacy. Findings Transnational enterprises face multi-stakeholder engagements in the BRICs and increasingly employ techniques and strategies similar to the repertoire of tools used by diplomats and foreign affairs departments. Originality/value This chapter provides a detailed analysis of these new developments and seeks to explore the relations between multinational corporations and states, between multinationals and other stakeholders (local authorities, traditional leaders, NGOs etc.) and between multinationals.
Both authors are co-founders of the Centre of Socio-Eco-Nomic Development (CSEND), a research and... more Both authors are co-founders of the Centre of Socio-Eco-Nomic Development (CSEND), a research and development NGO (non-governmental organization) founded in 1993 and registered in Geneva. The reason for establishing CSEND was based on the two co-founders commitments to sustainable development, including ecological, social, and economic sustainability within a context of equitable development at national, regional, and international levels. Under the auspices of CSEND, both authors designed and implemented large system development and change projects in China (1985-1996), Slovenia (1990-1996), Russia (1993-1996), and Bolivia (1999-2001).1 Having also conducted consulting projects for international organizations (IOs) in the 1980s and early 1990s and having followed closely the difficult survival of so many people living in the Least Developed Countries (LDCs), both authors took the initiative to propose a project for the International Labor Organization (ILO) to support their efforts in alleviating poverty in the LDCs through employment creation in the context of the poverty reduction strategy instruments developed and managed by the International Finance Institutions (the International Monetary Fund and World Bank). The PRSP instrument as well as the CSEND, PRPSP, ILO project is described further below in the project section of this chapter
The Asian journal of public administration, Jun 1, 2000
ABSTRACT This article focuses on the assumed impact of globalisation, especially in the field of ... more ABSTRACT This article focuses on the assumed impact of globalisation, especially in the field of business and trade, and how globalisation will affect public and private sector leadership and hence indirectly leaders in society. Subsequent to some reflections on the impact of globalisation on leadership, the article postulates a few key changes which developments in the world economy might have on leadership theory and practice.
Organization Development (OD) Practitioners working within the United Nations (UN) system encount... more Organization Development (OD) Practitioners working within the United Nations (UN) system encounter difficulties because of ill-defined organisational structures, multiple political interferences (external and internal), cross-cultural value differences of UN staff, and different management practices of UN Agency leadership best described as “porous boundaries.” This article introduces and defines porous boundaries, shows its relation to power politics frequently used in UN agencies, and discusses the role of the OD consultant who needs to adjust his consulting approach to match these environmental challenges.
This article recounts a historical negotiation success during the Westphalia negotiations in the ... more This article recounts a historical negotiation success during the Westphalia negotiations in the 17th Century. Mr. Rudolf Wettstein, the then Mayor of Basel City, was able to single-handedly obtain exemptions for the Swiss cantons from being accountable to courts of the Holy Roman Empire of German Nations (HRGE), amounting to a declaration of independence. As a first step, the author describes the historical context of the negotiations and subsequently the negotiation process involving multi-actor international negotiations during the peace negotiations at Westphalia which consisted of multi-actor internal negotiations within the Swiss Confederation and external multi-party negotiations with the leading powers who participated in the Westphalia negotiation process. As a second step, concepts of negotiation theory are used as an attempt to make sense of Wettstein’s negotiation approach. The article concludes with a proposition for more theory building and provides initial concepts to better capture multi-actor negotiations.
... No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted i... more ... No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photo-copying, microfilming, recording or ... But do we real-ly know? Such a wide-ranging concept as negotiation is certainly no easy 18 ...
Current planning and management of cities are not adequate to cope with the increasing flow of fo... more Current planning and management of cities are not adequate to cope with the increasing flow of foreign and domestic migrants to urban areas. SDG 11, as part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, focuses on the need for sustained economic, social, and environmental development of urban areas. Implementation of development policies in urban areas is a longer term process and requires sustained public support. Public institutions across boundaries and hierarchical levels need to find ways to act in a coordinated and coherent manner, in support of the needed transformations to realize SDG 11. Acropsychology and its insights into complex policy-making process and development of institutions at the macro-level are very much needed to solve pressing developmental challenges to ensure urban sustainability in a holistic, effective, and efficient manner. Decision-makers need to stretch their mental models or schemas to “crossover” (Hand et al., Stepping up, by stepping out: Sustaining humanitarian work psychology. In I. McWha-Hermann, D. C. Maynard, & M. O’Neill Berry (Eds.), Humanitarian work psychology and the global development agenda: Case studies and Interventins (pp. 171–175). East Sussex, UK: Routledge, 2016) by forming multi-layered perspectives including meta-, macro-, meso-, and micro-realities of urban development. Measurements through appropriate indicators and robust feedback loops are necessary to avoid misdirection of resources and concomitant conflicts where the psychology of motivation and influencing up and down different levels of analysis need to be called into play. This chapter presents key challenges of urban development, identifies current shortcomings of the related SDG 11 indicators, and proposes solutions to align urban development with the core pillars of the 2030 Agenda by incorporating population science and macropsychology in their formulation.
Abstract Purpose The aim of this chapter is to describe and discuss the growing intersection of r... more Abstract Purpose The aim of this chapter is to describe and discuss the growing intersection of roles and functions between states and multinationals in the field of diplomacy and how diplomatic skills are needed to support transnational companies in their search for markets in emerging countries. Design/methodology/approach Given the rapidly changing international business environment, we can observe the emergence of business diplomacy. Findings Transnational enterprises face multi-stakeholder engagements in the BRICs and increasingly employ techniques and strategies similar to the repertoire of tools used by diplomats and foreign affairs departments. Originality/value This chapter provides a detailed analysis of these new developments and seeks to explore the relations between multinational corporations and states, between multinationals and other stakeholders (local authorities, traditional leaders, NGOs etc.) and between multinationals.
Both authors are co-founders of the Centre of Socio-Eco-Nomic Development (CSEND), a research and... more Both authors are co-founders of the Centre of Socio-Eco-Nomic Development (CSEND), a research and development NGO (non-governmental organization) founded in 1993 and registered in Geneva. The reason for establishing CSEND was based on the two co-founders commitments to sustainable development, including ecological, social, and economic sustainability within a context of equitable development at national, regional, and international levels. Under the auspices of CSEND, both authors designed and implemented large system development and change projects in China (1985-1996), Slovenia (1990-1996), Russia (1993-1996), and Bolivia (1999-2001).1 Having also conducted consulting projects for international organizations (IOs) in the 1980s and early 1990s and having followed closely the difficult survival of so many people living in the Least Developed Countries (LDCs), both authors took the initiative to propose a project for the International Labor Organization (ILO) to support their efforts in alleviating poverty in the LDCs through employment creation in the context of the poverty reduction strategy instruments developed and managed by the International Finance Institutions (the International Monetary Fund and World Bank). The PRSP instrument as well as the CSEND, PRPSP, ILO project is described further below in the project section of this chapter
The Asian journal of public administration, Jun 1, 2000
ABSTRACT This article focuses on the assumed impact of globalisation, especially in the field of ... more ABSTRACT This article focuses on the assumed impact of globalisation, especially in the field of business and trade, and how globalisation will affect public and private sector leadership and hence indirectly leaders in society. Subsequent to some reflections on the impact of globalisation on leadership, the article postulates a few key changes which developments in the world economy might have on leadership theory and practice.
Organization Development (OD) Practitioners working within the United Nations (UN) system encount... more Organization Development (OD) Practitioners working within the United Nations (UN) system encounter difficulties because of ill-defined organisational structures, multiple political interferences (external and internal), cross-cultural value differences of UN staff, and different management practices of UN Agency leadership best described as “porous boundaries.” This article introduces and defines porous boundaries, shows its relation to power politics frequently used in UN agencies, and discusses the role of the OD consultant who needs to adjust his consulting approach to match these environmental challenges.
Even though the COP21 meeting in Paris concluded on a positive note, the implementation of mitiga... more Even though the COP21 meeting in Paris concluded on a positive note, the implementation of mitigation and adaptation measures remains based on non- binding proposals and promises made by the countries who took part in COP21. In addition, the solutions discussed so far are based on the assumption and hope that new technologies will be developed that can help generate the needed abatement of Green House Gases (GHG) and that such new technology could be developed, sold and used based on “business as usual” in regard to protection of intellectual property rights (IPRs). This publication proposes instead an alternative way to halt climate warming. The author suggests that the treaty power of the WTO could be used to create the incentive system needed to transform “business as usual- IPR” to a “green oriented trade and development system” turning green high technology into a common resource that could give low-income developing countries access to green high technology goods and services which would enable them to contribute to the effort of stopping global warming at a global level. To set the theoretical frame for a new approach towards a climate reduction strategy, the author introduces the public goods versus common resources conceptions of the economy including a discussion of the relevance of solidarity economy concepts for a global implementation of climate adaptation and mitigation strategies. Finally, this publication proposes three green agreements within the WTO agreement framework. The three green WTO agreements proposed could generate the green investments and green production needed to successfully implement climate change mitigation and adaptation at global level and in the public interest.
Key words: Climate Change, Public Goods, Global Public Goods, Green Technology, Green Goods and Services, TRIMS, TRIPS, WTO, UNFCCC, SSE, mutual supportiveness
Tourism is a significant contributor to GDP, employment and to the international appreciation of ... more Tourism is a significant contributor to GDP, employment and to the international appreciation of a country and its culture – regardless of its level of development. This policy analysis seeks to assist the Least Developed Countries (LDCs) in harnessing development opportunities by providing a comprehensive overview of existing international development instruments, i.e., Diagnostic Trade Integration Studies (DTISs) and their Action Matrices, Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSPs), and reviewing their alignment with the national tourism development strategies, investment policies and tourism related trade arrangements. The authors encourage the use of findings from this analysis by all actors and stakeholders engaged with trade facilitation activities in LDCs. In reviewing these key development policy documents, this in-depth analysis seeks to better equip LDCs to manage international policy advice provided by a multitude of international development partners. The ultimate objective of this work is to support their achievement of greater social and economic benefits through growth trade in tourism services. It is also hoped that this analytical report will enhance the coherence and complimentarity of tourism development advice proposed by the international community via drawing attention to policy gaps and implementation vacuums existing within the tourism supply and value chain.
Tourism is a significant contributor to GDP, employment and to the international appreciation of ... more Tourism is a significant contributor to GDP, employment and to the international appreciation of a country and its culture – regardless of its level of development. This policy analysis seeks to assist the Least Developed Countries (LDCs) in harnessing development opportunities by providing a comprehensive overview of existing international development instruments, i.e., Diagnostic Trade Integration Studies (DTISs) and their Action Matrices, Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSPs), and reviewing their alignment with the national tourism development strategies, investment policies and tourism related trade arrangements. The authors encourage the use of findings from this analysis by all actors and stakeholders engaged with trade facilitation activities in LDCs. In reviewing these key development policy documents, this in-depth analysis seeks to better equip LDCs to manage international policy advice provided by a multitude of international development partners. The ultimate objective of this work is to support their achievement of greater social and economic benefits through growth trade in tourism services. It is also hoped that this analytical report will enhance the coherence and complimentarity of tourism development advice proposed by the international community via drawing attention to policy gaps and implementation vacuums existing within the tourism supply and value chain.
The objective of this chapter is to map and analyze the available tourism assets and products in ... more The objective of this chapter is to map and analyze the available tourism assets and products in the Kingdom of Lesotho. The analysis includes assessments on how to improve performance and sustainability of the tourism industry in Lesotho including greater utilization of existing tourism infrastructure and further development of Lesotho’s tourism products. This chapter also addresses the strategic issues of tourism development and how Lesotho could increase the number of its tourists. Tourism development has been identified by the government of Lesotho, the International Monetary Fund as well as the United Nations World Tourism Organization as a sector that can reduce poverty as well as absorb low or semi skilled labor. Boosting the tourism sector in Lesotho would work towards alleviating poverty in the Kingdom overall. This chapter applies a case approach in order to illustrate potential investment opportunities and tourism performance improvements in an existing ski resort in Lesotho.
Even though the COP21 meeting in Paris concluded on a positive note, the implementation of mitiga... more Even though the COP21 meeting in Paris concluded on a positive note, the implementation of mitigation and adaptation measures remains based on non-binding proposals and promises made by the countries who took part in COP21. In addition, the solutions discussed so far are based on the assumption and hope that new technologies will be developed that can help generate the needed abatement of Green House Gases (GHG) and that such new technology could be developed, sold and used based on “business as usual” in regard to protection of intellectual property rights (IPRs). This publication proposes instead an alternative way to halt climate warming. The author suggests that the treaty power of the WTO could be used to create the incentive system needed to transform “business as usual- IPR” to a “green oriented trade and development system” turning green high technology into a common resource that could give low-income developing countries access to green high technology goods and services which would enable them to contribute to the effort of stopping global warming at a global level. Finally, this publication proposes three green agreements within the WTO agreement framework that could generate the green investments and green production needed to successfully implement climate change mitigation and adaptation at global level and in the public interest.
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Papers by Raymond Saner
Key words: Climate Change, Public Goods, Global Public Goods, Green Technology, Green Goods and Services, TRIMS, TRIPS, WTO, UNFCCC, SSE, mutual supportiveness
Developed Countries (LDCs) in harnessing development opportunities by providing a comprehensive overview of existing international development instruments, i.e., Diagnostic Trade Integration Studies
(DTISs) and their Action Matrices, Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSPs), and reviewing their alignment with the national tourism development strategies, investment policies and tourism related trade
arrangements. The authors encourage the use of findings from this analysis by all actors and stakeholders engaged with trade facilitation activities in LDCs. In reviewing these key development policy
documents, this in-depth analysis seeks to better equip LDCs to manage international policy advice provided by a multitude of international development partners. The ultimate objective of this work is to support their achievement of greater social and economic benefits through growth trade in tourism services. It is also hoped that this analytical report will enhance the coherence and complimentarity of tourism development advice proposed by the international community via drawing attention to policy gaps and implementation vacuums existing within the tourism supply and value chain.
Kingdom of Lesotho. The analysis includes assessments on how to improve performance and sustainability
of the tourism industry in Lesotho including greater utilization of existing tourism infrastructure
and further development of Lesotho’s tourism products. This chapter also addresses the strategic issues
of tourism development and how Lesotho could increase the number of its tourists. Tourism development
has been identified by the government of Lesotho, the International Monetary Fund as well as the
United Nations World Tourism Organization as a sector that can reduce poverty as well as absorb low
or semi skilled labor. Boosting the tourism sector in Lesotho would work towards alleviating poverty in
the Kingdom overall. This chapter applies a case approach in order to illustrate potential investment
opportunities and tourism performance improvements in an existing ski resort in Lesotho.