Regina Salvador

A existência de um mercado único de bens, serviços, capital e mão-de-obra tomou-se simultâneamente uma evidência e um axioma inquestionável para a teori a económica dominante. A globalização dos mercados mundiais apresenta-se como uma forma material determinante da inquestionabilidade teórica do pensamen to económico neo-liberal. Converteu-se numa mundividência, isto é, na representação económica dominante. Contribui para o prognóstico qu e vaticina o fim dos Estados nacionais. Propala-se o fim de uma era, o fim da história como espaço de conflitos. Estas duas últimas afirmações, embora não pertençam ao discurso da teoria económica, integram-na como tendên cias inevitáveis ou como leis naturais inexoráveis que permitem o pleno funcionamento do mercado universal anunciado. O completo falhanço das economias socialistas e a desintegração geo-política do Império Soviético corroboramas tendências acima mencionadas

Happiness is an aspiration of every human being, and can also be a measure of social progress. Yet can one say that citizens are happy? If they are not, what if anything can be done about it? (Helliwell, Layard, & Sachs, 2013, p. 3) Understanding cities and citizenship has become a common place in today?s regional and urban policies. To be able to quantify - and understand - concepts such as urban quality of living, wellbeing and happiness is an urban planning major tool. But how does one measure an abstract concept such as happiness and how does one eventually use this knowledge in to plan and build our cities? According to much of the debate over happiness, the wellbeing or life quality have been centered on the role of income even if human capital levels play an important role in the happiness of cities too. (Florida, Mellander, & Rentfrow, 2013, p. 614) Therefore, to know what happiness is and what a happy city means it is necessary to plan a high quality city for all citizens. ...

Em Setembro de 2016, as Nacoes Unidas adoptaram formalmente uma nova agenda de dezassete “Novos Objectivos Globais para o Desenvolvimento”. Sao objectivos claros, parecendo sugerir que a definicao de “desenvolvimento” e facil e que o ponto final atingido por um pais e mais importante do que os caminhos seguidos para la chegar. Ora, o conceito de “desenvolvimento” evoluiu muito rapidamente nos ultimos cinquenta anos, no sentido de uma crescente complexidade e interdisciplinaridade. Comecando por ser um quase sinonimo de “crescimento economico”, hoje inclui preocupacoes com a reducao dos desequilibrios sociais, com o ambiente, a cultura, a democracia ou os direitos humanos. Este livro analisa a evolucao de todos estes elementos no Brasil, ao longo da sua Historia, com particular incidencia nas ultimas decadas.

1 -O nascimento de uma nova Ciência Comemora-se neste ano de 1997, o centenário da publicação da primeira edição da obra de Friedrich RatzeI, "Politisch Geographie", considerada como o primeiro esforço de sistematização de uma disci-plina que, explicitamente, trata das relações entre Estados Nacionais numa perspectiva espacial. Na sua segunda edição, em 1902, RatzeI acrescentar-lhe-ia o sugestivo sub-título de "Uma geografia dos Esta-dos, do Comércio e da Guerra". RatzeI, como a maioria dos autores identificados com esta nova disciplina, classificou-a como fazendo parte das ciências políticas e como tendo objectivos pragmáticos e/ou praxiológicos. A orientação filosófico-política da nova disciplina baptizada de "Geopolítica" pelo professor de Teoria do Estado, de nacionalidade sueca, Kjellen, não permitia dúvidas: a sobrevivência dos mais fortes e o destino manifesto do domínio do "mundo oceânico germânico", sobre o "mundo potâmico-orient...

Resumen Este trabajo pretende, en la medida de lo posible, contribuir al diálogo interdisciplinario sobre el estudio y la comprensión de las Ciudades y Espacios Urbanos. Lejos de constituir un ensayo teorético y desafiador de los paradigmas existentes, trataremos en primer lugar de reflectar las experiencias personales y profesionales de los proponentes de la comunicación, alumnos y profesora del Máster en Metropolización, Planificación Estratégica y Sustentabilidad (titulación impartida por la Universidad Nueva de Lisboa en asociación con la Universidad Atlántica de Oeiras) y cuyas carreras van desde la Geografía, la Arquitectura, la Economía y la Sociología.

Resumo Nos últimos três ou quarto anos, a criação de um cluster marítimo nacional tem sido uma questão política e económica de primeira grandeza. Este deverá incluir quer sectores tradicionais (pesca, conservas de peixe, construção naval) quer sectores ...

3 La performance des économies nationales et régionales est de plus en plus fortement influencée par le développement des systèmes productifs locaux, c'est-à-dire par la proximité géographique. En effet, cette proximité géographique présente des conséquences dans ...

The weight of civil construction in the Portuguese Economy is overwhelming (8,9% of total employment, in 2004), namely in the mainland inner regions. This peculiar trace of the Portuguese productive structure results from a long term period that began around 1986, characterized by a high public investment (supported partially by European funds) in basic infrastructures and equipments. On the other hand, the need for housing modernization in some important parts of the Portuguese territory, determined a flow of private investment to the civil construction activity. Currently, this cycle is coming to an end, due to two main factors: a) Portugal presents an already reasonable endowment in infrastructures and public equipments. This way, future needs should be related with maintenance and not with major construction works. b) As a direct consequence of the massive investment in the construction sector, today Portugal has one the highest rates of housing private possession (over 75%) in the EU. Thus, the sustainability of this important economic sector is naturally raised. In particular, social issues must not be disregarded as most of this sector workforce is constituted by young and middle age men. The paper envisages evaluating some possibilities of a new dynamic in the construction sector. Among those possibilities, the investment in Cultural and Patrimony Economic Poles appears as an interesting way to push the construction sector into a new stage of development. In other European Countries (France, UK, Spain, Italy) this strategy has known an interesting success, by inducing important improvement works, using traditional knowledge, methods and techniques. On the other hand, the investment in patrimonial resources also induces positive effects in sectors such as tourism and handicraft and promotes gains in job offers related with the environment management and quality of life. This strategy should allow maximizing relevant investments to be made in Public Monuments, Churches, Monasteries and other patrimonial elements. But to guarantee the profitability of these investments, a huge international campaign of territorial marketing is needed: the benefits of owning a “Portuguese house” must be publicized exhaustively, at world level. The paper also includes a first identification of possible pilot cases where these policies could be implemented with success (for instance Amarante and Tavira councils). Some possible suggestions to improve these strategies will also be under discussion. Keywords: Patrimony; civil construction; territorial marketing; cultural clusters.

UID/SOC/04647/2013After 1974, Portuguese municipalities witnessed an increase in their responsibilities, political powers and decision’ capabilities. However, it soon became clear that they did not possess the technical and financial means to implement all these new assignments. Some projects are only achievable from a given range: so from an early age the need for supra-municipal structures became clear. Some examples include intercity road networks, river basins or strategic planning. The question of scale is essential both for the development of certain projects, and for an integrated approach to the problems that cross the municipalities’ boundaries, in which only a larger territorial scale ensure conditions to guarantee its success. This paper seeks to put in evidence that the phenomenon of municipalities’ clustering emerged in a context in which there were various pressures for its creation, due to the lack of intermediary institutional bodies between central and local adminis...

This article presents a method of assessing the economic impacts of ports at both regional level and national level, through application of input–output analysis. To this end, a methodology for data collection is proposed, which combines a top-down with a bottom-up approach which should help in surpassing some of the difficulties commonly faced in port economic impact studies. The presented methodology allows port planners and policymakers to assess the economic significance and geographic reach of port investments. This study considers the economic impacts of the port cluster and the socio-economic significance of port user industries. The several layers of the analysis are kept separate to allow a better grasp of direct and indirect impacts. The proposed methodology is demonstrated in a study of the Port of Lisbon, which confirms the significance of this port to the Portuguese economy, and also demonstrates that the influence of the Port of Lisbon is mostly limited to an area in c...

In these last four or five years, the creation of a Maritime Cluster in Portugal has been an issue of first political and economic relevance in the Country. The enlargement of the Continental Shelf under national jurisdiction into a total surface of 2.2 millions square kilometres (with a predictable high level of mineral, genetic and hydrothermal resources) ? particularly taking into account the economic crisis in current context ? awakes all kinds of hopes and ambitions. This "last big change in the World Map" ? in direct connection with the main guidelines of the Integrated Maritime Policy for the European Union ? requires the creation of a maritime mega-cluster. It should include both traditional (fishing, canning industry, ship building, maritime transports), and modern sectors (wave and tide energy, biotechnology), in a country that it is not known for a high level of social capital or its capacity of developing joint efforts. The current paper defines and presents th...

The paper analyses the national and regional European maritime clusters according to the sea basin division proposed by the European Union Integrated Maritime Policy: Atlantic and Arctic oceans; Baltic, Black, Mediterranean and North seas. Besides the identification of all maritime sectors by country ? be it at national and/or regional level - a statistical database is established per each and every of the above referred sea basins, in order that a comparative analysis can be developed. Also in line with Wijnolst, Jensen & SA¸dal (2003) that propose a maritime sector benchmarking - the ?Global Maritime Benchmarking? ? which should allow evaluating the maritime clusters evolution and strength - the paper estimates nine indicators: structural indicators (no. of clusters, no. of companies; no. of employees; no. of sectors; technological level; location); economic indicators (Gross Added Value, production; productivity; profit and rentability rates), internationalization (exports and im...

The article characterizes and evaluates the strategic role played by nautical tourism, in general, and by marinas, in particular, in terms of increasing Algarve's competitiveness, reducing tourism seasonality, and generating multiplier effects in connected industries. Central to the analysis is the notion that a marina is an economic unit that provides concentrated services (as opposed to producing a physical product), working as an "anchor" for the surrounding firms and, as such, naturally giving rise to a local cluster. The adequacy to transfer the cluster concept from manufacture to tourism is also discussed. The methodology chosen is an application of the Porter cluster model to the nautical tourism sector in the Algarve, where each component of the diamond model (factor conditions, demand conditions, related and supporting industries, firms' strategy, structure, and rivalry)—besides its two external factors (historical factors/chance and public policies)—is an...