To determine the prevalence and severity of enamel fluorosis in the permanent dentition of childr... more To determine the prevalence and severity of enamel fluorosis in the permanent dentition of children aged 6-9 years old exposed to fluoride through a milk fluoridation programme in Codegua, Chile. A survey was conducted in 2002 of a sample of school children living in Codegua (n = 215) and La Punta, the control community (n = 206) to compare enamel fluorosis data with those obtained in 1994. Dean's criteria were followed to assess enamel fluorosis. It was found that 16.4% of the children aged 6-9 years from Codegua had questionable fluorosis in 2002, while in 1999 10.3% were classified in this category. In addition, 7.9% and 1.3% of the children in 2002 and 1994, respectively, had at least very mild fluorosis. These increments were not observed in the control community. Comparison of mean community fluorosis indices (CFI) between the children in 2002 (CFI = 0.18) and those in 1994 (CFI = 0.06) was found to be significant (p < 0.001). For La Punta, no statistically significant ...
This paper provides a comprehensive review of the scientific literature on male sex workers. This... more This paper provides a comprehensive review of the scientific literature on male sex workers. This review includes developing a model which can be used to research and explain the factors influencing safe sex outcomes in male-to-male sex work. A review of current research knowledge on the socio-demographic content, the sex work context, the personal internal mediating context, the sex worker/client interaction context, and the structure context is presented, and suggestions to guide future research on male sex work outlined.
This article describes the socio-demographic and sex work characteristics of sex workers in Sydne... more This article describes the socio-demographic and sex work characteristics of sex workers in Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane. A total of 185 male sex workers completed the questionnaire component of the study. The results of this study serve to debunk many of the myths surrounding the popular view of the male sex worker (MSW). The respondents in this study were on average 27 years old, and the majority had completed secondary education, with 30% having gained some form of tertiary qualification. Interestingly, those MSWs who had not completed secondary education were mostly street workers and were generally aged under 25 years. The majority of sex workers lived in rented accommodation, with only 6% reporting to be homeless. Half of all respondents identified as being "gay," 31% as "bisexual" and 5.5% as "straight." More than half of the respondents were in a permanent relationship. Only 7.3% of this group reported using heroin daily, although the majorit...
Objective: To assess awareness and attitudes on oral health issues among Sri Lankan older adults ... more Objective: To assess awareness and attitudes on oral health issues among Sri Lankan older adults living in Melbourne, Australia. Methods: A baseline survey was conducted with 123 Sri Lankan migrant older adults aged 55 years or older who were members of social clubs using mix-mode, on socio-demographic factors, basic oral health knowledge, attitudes and practices. Results: The mean age of participants was 65.8 (8.9) years. 56% were females. Majority (56.1%) had migrated more than ten years ago. 43% were living with their spouses and/or children. 58.5% had a tertiary education. Majority of participants (78%) were unaware of any public funding of dental services, even though 49% of the sample were concession card holders deemed eligible to use public dental services. 61.8 % were unaware that tooth decay could occur without warning signs and 62% did not know that a hole in the tooth was not a warning sign for gum disease. Among the respondents, 47.2% had visited a dentist within the pa...
International Journal on Advances in Life Sciences
—This study assessed the feasibility of a teledentistry model for teleconsultation and telediagno... more —This study assessed the feasibility of a teledentistry model for teleconsultation and telediagnosis in Residential Aged Care Facilities. Study feasibility was defined by the ability to develop remote treatment plans. Reliability of the remote assessments was assessed by comparing with those performed by traditional face-to-face oral examinations. An intraoral camera was operated by trained teledentistry assistants with the aim of screening residents for oral diseases and pathological conditions. The model was supported by traning and an instructional kit for the introral camera operators. The structure, content and delivery of the program, was evaluated. Residents’ views about the structure, content and delivery of the program were also evaluated. A total of 50 residents participated in this assessment. Results indicated that the proposed teledentistry approach for oral health screening is feasible and reliable as an alternative to traditional oral health examination. Residents exp...
Objective: This paper reports the impact of oral health on the quality of life of edentulous olde... more Objective: This paper reports the impact of oral health on the quality of life of edentulous older adults, living independently in rural Victoria, Australia. Method: Older adults living in rural Victoria were recruited through social clubs and interviewed about oral health, general health, socio-demographics, and quality of life (QoL) using the Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 12 (SF-12) and the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). The SF-12’s physical (PCS) and mental health (MCS) component summary scores were computed. Participants also had an oral examination. Result: 234 older adults participated in this study. Of them, 35% (n=82) were edentulous and were included in this analysis. Mean age was 73.8 years (s.d. 7.2), with 58.5% being female. The mean PCS value was 41.2 (s.d. 11.8), and MCS had a mean of 39.7 (s.d. 8.2). PCS was associated with age, self-perceived oral health needs and oral health related quality of life [F(3,69)=7.64; p<0.0001]. These variables accounted fo...
Uribe, S., Gómez, S.S., Ortíz, M.E., 2014. Systematic review on the use of fluoride toothpastes i... more Uribe, S., Gómez, S.S., Ortíz, M.E., 2014. Systematic review on the use of fluoride toothpastes in preschool children. Medwave 14, e5773–e5773. doi:10.5867/medwave.2014.5773
A cross-sectional study was conducted involving older adults from social clubs within a regional ... more A cross-sectional study was conducted involving older adults from social clubs within a regional local government area in the state of Victoria, Australia, to identify factors associated with knowledge, and attitudes about oral health, as well as perceived self-efficacy. Participants underwent an oral health interview, followed by a comprehensive oral clinical examination. A total of 225 older adults participated in this study. The mean age was 70.7 (range: 55-96) years. The majority was females (62.0%) and had incomplete secondary education or less (56.1%); 34.2% were fully edentulous. The mean oral health knowledge score was 24.7 (SD 3.8). None of the socio-demographic and oral health variables yielded a significant effect on the knowledge score. The attitude score had a mean of 5.0 (SD 1.6). Four variables remained significant in the multivariate analysis [p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.0001]. A dentate female, with tertiary education, had better oral health attitudes. Higher oral health knowledge scores were associated with a better attitude. The overall self-efficacy mean value was 83.1% (SD 10.6). Dental visits and oral health knowledge remained significant in the attitudes multivariate analysis [p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.01]. Findings indicate that there were some misconceptions in oral health among this group of older adults. These are important influences on the success/failure of an oral health programme. Oral health education is needed to increase older adults&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; oral health knowledge, in particular of oral cancer, and to some extent periodontal disease, and improves attitudes and oral health self-efficacy. Oral health knowledge, attitudes and self-efficacy were minimally explained by socio-demographic and clinical variables.
To determine the prevalence and severity of enamel fluorosis in the permanent dentition of childr... more To determine the prevalence and severity of enamel fluorosis in the permanent dentition of children aged 6-9 years old exposed to fluoride through a milk fluoridation programme in Codegua, Chile. A survey was conducted in 2002 of a sample of school children living in Codegua (n = 215) and La Punta, the control community (n = 206) to compare enamel fluorosis data with those obtained in 1994. Dean's criteria were followed to assess enamel fluorosis. It was found that 16.4% of the children aged 6-9 years from Codegua had questionable fluorosis in 2002, while in 1999 10.3% were classified in this category. In addition, 7.9% and 1.3% of the children in 2002 and 1994, respectively, had at least very mild fluorosis. These increments were not observed in the control community. Comparison of mean community fluorosis indices (CFI) between the children in 2002 (CFI = 0.18) and those in 1994 (CFI = 0.06) was found to be significant (p < 0.001). For La Punta, no statistically significant ...
This paper provides a comprehensive review of the scientific literature on male sex workers. This... more This paper provides a comprehensive review of the scientific literature on male sex workers. This review includes developing a model which can be used to research and explain the factors influencing safe sex outcomes in male-to-male sex work. A review of current research knowledge on the socio-demographic content, the sex work context, the personal internal mediating context, the sex worker/client interaction context, and the structure context is presented, and suggestions to guide future research on male sex work outlined.
This article describes the socio-demographic and sex work characteristics of sex workers in Sydne... more This article describes the socio-demographic and sex work characteristics of sex workers in Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane. A total of 185 male sex workers completed the questionnaire component of the study. The results of this study serve to debunk many of the myths surrounding the popular view of the male sex worker (MSW). The respondents in this study were on average 27 years old, and the majority had completed secondary education, with 30% having gained some form of tertiary qualification. Interestingly, those MSWs who had not completed secondary education were mostly street workers and were generally aged under 25 years. The majority of sex workers lived in rented accommodation, with only 6% reporting to be homeless. Half of all respondents identified as being "gay," 31% as "bisexual" and 5.5% as "straight." More than half of the respondents were in a permanent relationship. Only 7.3% of this group reported using heroin daily, although the majorit...
Objective: To assess awareness and attitudes on oral health issues among Sri Lankan older adults ... more Objective: To assess awareness and attitudes on oral health issues among Sri Lankan older adults living in Melbourne, Australia. Methods: A baseline survey was conducted with 123 Sri Lankan migrant older adults aged 55 years or older who were members of social clubs using mix-mode, on socio-demographic factors, basic oral health knowledge, attitudes and practices. Results: The mean age of participants was 65.8 (8.9) years. 56% were females. Majority (56.1%) had migrated more than ten years ago. 43% were living with their spouses and/or children. 58.5% had a tertiary education. Majority of participants (78%) were unaware of any public funding of dental services, even though 49% of the sample were concession card holders deemed eligible to use public dental services. 61.8 % were unaware that tooth decay could occur without warning signs and 62% did not know that a hole in the tooth was not a warning sign for gum disease. Among the respondents, 47.2% had visited a dentist within the pa...
International Journal on Advances in Life Sciences
—This study assessed the feasibility of a teledentistry model for teleconsultation and telediagno... more —This study assessed the feasibility of a teledentistry model for teleconsultation and telediagnosis in Residential Aged Care Facilities. Study feasibility was defined by the ability to develop remote treatment plans. Reliability of the remote assessments was assessed by comparing with those performed by traditional face-to-face oral examinations. An intraoral camera was operated by trained teledentistry assistants with the aim of screening residents for oral diseases and pathological conditions. The model was supported by traning and an instructional kit for the introral camera operators. The structure, content and delivery of the program, was evaluated. Residents’ views about the structure, content and delivery of the program were also evaluated. A total of 50 residents participated in this assessment. Results indicated that the proposed teledentistry approach for oral health screening is feasible and reliable as an alternative to traditional oral health examination. Residents exp...
Objective: This paper reports the impact of oral health on the quality of life of edentulous olde... more Objective: This paper reports the impact of oral health on the quality of life of edentulous older adults, living independently in rural Victoria, Australia. Method: Older adults living in rural Victoria were recruited through social clubs and interviewed about oral health, general health, socio-demographics, and quality of life (QoL) using the Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 12 (SF-12) and the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). The SF-12’s physical (PCS) and mental health (MCS) component summary scores were computed. Participants also had an oral examination. Result: 234 older adults participated in this study. Of them, 35% (n=82) were edentulous and were included in this analysis. Mean age was 73.8 years (s.d. 7.2), with 58.5% being female. The mean PCS value was 41.2 (s.d. 11.8), and MCS had a mean of 39.7 (s.d. 8.2). PCS was associated with age, self-perceived oral health needs and oral health related quality of life [F(3,69)=7.64; p<0.0001]. These variables accounted fo...
Uribe, S., Gómez, S.S., Ortíz, M.E., 2014. Systematic review on the use of fluoride toothpastes i... more Uribe, S., Gómez, S.S., Ortíz, M.E., 2014. Systematic review on the use of fluoride toothpastes in preschool children. Medwave 14, e5773–e5773. doi:10.5867/medwave.2014.5773
A cross-sectional study was conducted involving older adults from social clubs within a regional ... more A cross-sectional study was conducted involving older adults from social clubs within a regional local government area in the state of Victoria, Australia, to identify factors associated with knowledge, and attitudes about oral health, as well as perceived self-efficacy. Participants underwent an oral health interview, followed by a comprehensive oral clinical examination. A total of 225 older adults participated in this study. The mean age was 70.7 (range: 55-96) years. The majority was females (62.0%) and had incomplete secondary education or less (56.1%); 34.2% were fully edentulous. The mean oral health knowledge score was 24.7 (SD 3.8). None of the socio-demographic and oral health variables yielded a significant effect on the knowledge score. The attitude score had a mean of 5.0 (SD 1.6). Four variables remained significant in the multivariate analysis [p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.0001]. A dentate female, with tertiary education, had better oral health attitudes. Higher oral health knowledge scores were associated with a better attitude. The overall self-efficacy mean value was 83.1% (SD 10.6). Dental visits and oral health knowledge remained significant in the attitudes multivariate analysis [p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.01]. Findings indicate that there were some misconceptions in oral health among this group of older adults. These are important influences on the success/failure of an oral health programme. Oral health education is needed to increase older adults&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; oral health knowledge, in particular of oral cancer, and to some extent periodontal disease, and improves attitudes and oral health self-efficacy. Oral health knowledge, attitudes and self-efficacy were minimally explained by socio-demographic and clinical variables.
Abstract As part of a larger cross-country survey of dental students, students from the School o... more Abstract As part of a larger cross-country survey of dental students, students from the School of Dentistry, The University of Valparaiso, were invited to participate in a study to describe their use of information and communication technology (ICT). Information was derived from a 124-item questionnaire which included 14 socio-demographic items and 29 items asking about ICT use. ICT items were derived from a University of Birmingham, UK, battery. Data was collected in July and August 2004. A total of 162 of the 249 dental students participated in the study. The average age of students was 21.0 years (SD 2.4 years). The majority of participants (62.1%) were female. All participants had access to a computer, and 96.4% used the Internet. Most students had home Internet connections (73.4%). The most commonly used Internet sites on at least a weekly basis were: email (92.2%); and search engines (88.3%). However, a very few (21.1%) used the Internet to search for dental information for their studies on at least a weekly basis. Furthermore, although the majority (70.4%) found Internet use easy/very easy, 56.2% indicated that any search for information was easy/very easy. The majority (72.2%) indicated that the use of virtual education would not affect their class attendance. The final multivariate model explained 26% of the variance in ICT use, significant predictors for ICT use were gender, year of study, level of difficulty in using Internet, and place of Internet use. However, Internet use was mostly for non-dental purposes.
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