International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology, 2020
Nigeria is endowed with natural water resources abundantly, the country has substantial annual ra... more Nigeria is endowed with natural water resources abundantly, the country has substantial annual rainfall, large water bodies such as rivers, streams, lakes etc. and abundant groundwater reservoirs which are least developed and utilized which resulted in economic, social, environmental and health costs, such as a high rate of premature mortality and morbidity resulting from contamination of consumption, pollution of environmental and environmental resources, pollution and overexploitation of ground and surface water resources and low income and productivity. Therefore, enabling citizens with access to potable water is paramount. Although conjugate or integral water management or monitoring inhabited with limited studies even in Nigeria where over 57% of the population rely on groundwater source the management approaches is practically scanty while integral water use studied extensively, the study recognized the integrated water resources managements (IWRM), internationally recognized ...
An estimated 69.5 million people in Northern Nigeria rely on pit latrine to defecate due to the l... more An estimated 69.5 million people in Northern Nigeria rely on pit latrine to defecate due to the lack of proper excreta disposal system in the region. However, many studies extensible indicates the environment and environmental resources contamination with pit latrines. It is the intent of this study to explore the numerous design features of pit latrines and which type needed to improve, thus, set a guideline on minimum pit latrine design standard. The studies on pit latrine design and structural characteristics were systematically reviewed including their evolution and improvement over a millennium, environment and environmental contamination especially groundwater and the study further assessed the extent at which the Northern Nigeria lives are at stake and knowledge gaps were found. The study found no original research on design or materials to prevent groundwater contamination despite the rises in groundwater levels due to climate change that is limiting the vertical separation ...
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC & TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH, 2020
The pit latrine developed in the early 20th century to control the outbreak of infection and poll... more The pit latrine developed in the early 20th century to control the outbreak of infection and pollution because of improper human excreta disposal. Pit latrine continues to develop to satisfy the users need for over a millennium. Although a large proportion of Northern Nigerian population practice open defecation, an estimated 70million Northerners rely on pit latrines to defecate. Studies shows the moistures discharged by pit latrine contaminate the groundwater or water sources. Based on quantitative vulnerability, the pit hole microbial and chemical discharges may pollute the water sources of about 48.5million Northerners, thereby necessitate the development of ecological friendly pit hole. Two chambers eco-friendly and costless pit hole is developed using fixed and random effect modelling with new lining techniques described as a minimum requirement standard for Northern Nigeria. Study recommended further studies on the possibility of generating electricity using human excreta biogas in Nigeria.
International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology, 2020
Nigeria is endowed with natural water resources abundantly, the country has substantial annual ra... more Nigeria is endowed with natural water resources abundantly, the country has substantial annual rainfall, large water bodies such as rivers, streams, lakes etc. and abundant groundwater reservoirs which are least developed and utilized which resulted in economic, social, environmental and health costs, such as a high rate of premature mortality and morbidity resulting from contamination of consumption, pollution of environmental and environmental resources, pollution and overexploitation of ground and surface water resources and low income and productivity. Therefore, enabling citizens with access to potable water is paramount. Although conjugate or integral water management or monitoring inhabited with limited studies even in Nigeria where over 57% of the population rely on groundwater source the management approaches is practically scanty while integral water use studied extensively, the study recognized the integrated water resources managements (IWRM), internationally recognized ...
International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology, 2020
Nigeria is endowed with natural water resources abundantly, the country has substantial annual ra... more Nigeria is endowed with natural water resources abundantly, the country has substantial annual rainfall, large water bodies such as rivers, streams, lakes etc. and abundant groundwater reservoirs which are least developed and utilized which resulted in economic, social, environmental and health costs, such as a high rate of premature mortality and morbidity resulting from contamination of consumption, pollution of environmental and environmental resources, pollution and overexploitation of ground and surface water resources and low income and productivity. Therefore, enabling citizens with access to potable water is paramount. Although conjugate or integral water management or monitoring inhabited with limited studies even in Nigeria where over 57% of the population rely on groundwater source the management approaches is practically scanty while integral water use studied extensively, the study recognized the integrated water resources managements (IWRM), internationally recognized ...
An estimated 69.5 million people in Northern Nigeria rely on pit latrine to defecate due to the l... more An estimated 69.5 million people in Northern Nigeria rely on pit latrine to defecate due to the lack of proper excreta disposal system in the region. However, many studies extensible indicates the environment and environmental resources contamination with pit latrines. It is the intent of this study to explore the numerous design features of pit latrines and which type needed to improve, thus, set a guideline on minimum pit latrine design standard. The studies on pit latrine design and structural characteristics were systematically reviewed including their evolution and improvement over a millennium, environment and environmental contamination especially groundwater and the study further assessed the extent at which the Northern Nigeria lives are at stake and knowledge gaps were found. The study found no original research on design or materials to prevent groundwater contamination despite the rises in groundwater levels due to climate change that is limiting the vertical separation ...
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC & TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH, 2020
The pit latrine developed in the early 20th century to control the outbreak of infection and poll... more The pit latrine developed in the early 20th century to control the outbreak of infection and pollution because of improper human excreta disposal. Pit latrine continues to develop to satisfy the users need for over a millennium. Although a large proportion of Northern Nigerian population practice open defecation, an estimated 70million Northerners rely on pit latrines to defecate. Studies shows the moistures discharged by pit latrine contaminate the groundwater or water sources. Based on quantitative vulnerability, the pit hole microbial and chemical discharges may pollute the water sources of about 48.5million Northerners, thereby necessitate the development of ecological friendly pit hole. Two chambers eco-friendly and costless pit hole is developed using fixed and random effect modelling with new lining techniques described as a minimum requirement standard for Northern Nigeria. Study recommended further studies on the possibility of generating electricity using human excreta biogas in Nigeria.
International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology, 2020
Nigeria is endowed with natural water resources abundantly, the country has substantial annual ra... more Nigeria is endowed with natural water resources abundantly, the country has substantial annual rainfall, large water bodies such as rivers, streams, lakes etc. and abundant groundwater reservoirs which are least developed and utilized which resulted in economic, social, environmental and health costs, such as a high rate of premature mortality and morbidity resulting from contamination of consumption, pollution of environmental and environmental resources, pollution and overexploitation of ground and surface water resources and low income and productivity. Therefore, enabling citizens with access to potable water is paramount. Although conjugate or integral water management or monitoring inhabited with limited studies even in Nigeria where over 57% of the population rely on groundwater source the management approaches is practically scanty while integral water use studied extensively, the study recognized the integrated water resources managements (IWRM), internationally recognized ...
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Papers by Serah John Onuh