Basal stem rot caused by a soil-borne fungus, Ganoderma boninense, is one of the most severe diseases in monoculture oil palm plantations. The effect of mixed cropping with water yam on infection and inoculum potential of Ganoderma... more
Basal stem rot caused by a soil-borne fungus, Ganoderma boninense, is one of the most severe diseases in monoculture oil palm plantations. The effect of mixed cropping with water yam on infection and inoculum potential of Ganoderma boninense on oil palm seedlings was assessed under a pot experiment. Plant inoculation with rubber woodblock (RWB)-colonized Ganoderma induced disease on both mixed cropped hosts (multiple host infection), but with less severe root necrotic and less plant mortality relative to inoculation on a single oil palm host. Inoculum potential of the pathogen was reduced under mixed cropping, as shown by more considerable RWB decay than a single host, and the fungal survival was suppressed to be 55% for 12 months trial. Water yam mixed cropping did not interfere with the growth of the inoculated oil palm seedling. This study revealed the multiple host infection under mixed cropping with water yam suppressed damage caused by Ganoderma boninense to oil palm as the p...
Research Interests: Agronomy, Biology, Ganoderma, Palm Oil, Seedling, and 4 moreInoculation, Phytology, Elaeis Guineensis, and Monoculture
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Research Interests: Horticulture and Biology
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Ceratocystis manginecans causes wilt and death of plants in several important crops and native vegetation in Indonesia. Ceratocystis wilt was recently found to be causing substantial mortality in bullet wood (Mimusops elengi) in South... more
Ceratocystis manginecans causes wilt and death of plants in several important crops and native vegetation in Indonesia. Ceratocystis wilt was recently found to be causing substantial mortality in bullet wood (Mimusops elengi) in South Sumatra. The aim of this study was to describe the symptomatology of the new disease and characterise isolates of C. manginecans obtained from bullet wood plants. Affected plants showed substantial discoloration of the woody xylem and wilt-type symptoms of the foliage, with the eventual death of the whole plant. Isolations from infected trees yielded a fungus that was similar morphologically to C. manginecans, with typical hat-shaped ascospores and light-coloured perithecial bases. Sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and ?-tubulin of isolates confirmed their identification, grouping them with C. manginecans and separating them from all other Ceratocystis species. This is the first report of C. manginecans in Indonesia causing wilt and d...
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Allelopathic potential of root exudates from edible perennial herbaceous (Canna indica, Maranta arundinacea, and Xanthosoma sagittifolium) against mycelium of Ganoderma boninense, basal stem rot pathogen of oil palm has been studied in... more
Allelopathic potential of root exudates from edible perennial herbaceous (Canna indica, Maranta arundinacea, and Xanthosoma sagittifolium) against mycelium of Ganoderma boninense, basal stem rot pathogen of oil palm has been studied in vitro. Root exudates were extracted from 10-day old aseptically growing plants generated from surface-sterilized corm or rhizome on water agar. Allelopathic activity was tested based on inhibition of G. boninense mycelial growth on malt extract agar supplemented with 0.1 and 1.0 μL mL−1 ethyl acetate extract of root exudates. Root exudate from X. sagittifolium and C. indica was found to significantly inhibit the mycelial growth of G. boninense at 0.1 and 1.0 μL mL−1, respectively.
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Penyakit kering alur sadap (KAS) merupakan penyakit yang berhubungan dengan cekaman fisiologis yang berkontribusi bagi kehilangan hasil pada perkebunan karet di seluruh dunia. Kajian kehilangan hasil individu pohon karet dan kesehatan... more
Penyakit kering alur sadap (KAS) merupakan penyakit yang berhubungan dengan cekaman fisiologis yang berkontribusi bagi kehilangan hasil pada perkebunan karet di seluruh dunia. Kajian kehilangan hasil individu pohon karet dan kesehatan kulit bidang sadap serta pemulihannya telah dilakukan di kebun percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sriwijaya dan kebun karet di Sumatera Selatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyakit ini menyebabkan kehilangan berat kering lateks sebesar 81,6 dan 97,7 % masing-masing untuk KAS ringan dan berat. Persentase kehilangan hasil ialah lebih besar dari persentase alur sadap yang mengering. Kajian kesehatan kulit sadap dilakukan dengan membandingkan populasi mikroba dan aktivitas pelambatan senesen antara pohon sakit dan sehat. Populasi jamur, bakteri, dan bakteri pelarut fosfat lebih tinggi pada pohon sehat dibandingkan pohon sakit. Kulit sadap pohon sehat menunjukkan aktivitas pelambatan senesen yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan pohon sakit. Percobaa...
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The plant growth promoting fungus Fusarium equiseti GF183 effectively controlled Fusarium wilt of spinach caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. spinaciae in transplanting systems using paper pots. Reduction in disease severity ranged from... more
The plant growth promoting fungus Fusarium equiseti GF183 effectively controlled Fusarium wilt of spinach caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. spinaciae in transplanting systems using paper pots. Reduction in disease severity ranged from 43.5 to 91.8%. Double application of F. equiseti GF183 increased the protective effects. The number of colony-forming units of F. oxysporum f. sp. spinaciae per gram fresh weight of roots was significantly reduced (P<0.05) in plants treated with F. equiseti. Root extracts from both F. equiseti-treated plants and F. equiseti and pathogen-treated plants significantly inhibited new production of budding-cells of F. oxysporum f. sp. spinaciae.
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Bacillus thuringiensis is an entomopathogenic bacterium isolated from the soil and has been widely used as an active ingredient in the manufacture of bioinsecticides. The target insects are very specific and depend on the type of protein... more
Bacillus thuringiensis is an entomopathogenic bacterium isolated from the soil and has been widely used as an active ingredient in the manufacture of bioinsecticides. The target insects are very specific and depend on the type of protein content. Epilachna sp. are important insect pests because both larvae and adults as plant-eating pests. The research aimed was to investigate the effectivity of B. thuringiensis against the larvae of Epilachna sp.. B. thuringiensis- bio-insecticide was prepared using isolates originally from freshwater swamp soil of South Sumatra (SMR04). Epilachna sp larvae were mass-reared with Solanum torvum leaf feed in the laboratory. The design used was a completely randomized design, with 6 treatments and 5 replications. Treatments were spore concentration contained in the bioinsecticide solution included: 1 x 108, 1 x 107, 1 x 106, 1 x 105 spores/mL, commercial bio-insecticide and without treatment as a control. Each replication used 10 individual of the ...
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Mosaic and leaf curl diseases caused by multiple infections of viruses are the most important diseases of chili pepper. Bioactive compounds that are able to improve plant tolerance toward virus infections is promisingly developed for... more
Mosaic and leaf curl diseases caused by multiple infections of viruses are the most important diseases of chili pepper. Bioactive compounds that are able to improve plant tolerance toward virus infections is promisingly developed for plant protection in organic chili cultivation. The potential of fermentation liquids from enrichment of SWCE (water extract of shrimp waste compost) with shrimp paste (TS, TSN, and TSNJK) that contains amino acids to control mosaic and leaf curl diseases and its aphid vector was demonstrated in a naturally infested curly red chili (Capsicum annuum). Fermentation liquids was sprayed weekly at 2 concentrations on pottedC. annumgrowing in an aphid-infested field. Treatment with all 3 fermentation products significantly reduced disease progression. Disease suppression was demonstrated following spraying at concentration as low as 0.2% and treatment with a higher concentration (2.0%) resulted in a higher suppression. Colonization ofAphis gossypiiwas signific...
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Background: Fusarium Oxysporum f.sp. Radicis-Lycopersici (FORL) caused Fusarium Crown and Root Rot of tomato (FCRR), it’s a serious constraint on tomato production and contributing to yield losses. Aims/Method: Using a rapid bioassay,... more
Background: Fusarium Oxysporum f.sp. Radicis-Lycopersici (FORL) caused Fusarium Crown and Root Rot of tomato (FCRR), it’s a serious constraint on tomato production and contributing to yield losses. Aims/Method: Using a rapid bioassay, Hypovirulent Binucleate Rhizoctonia (HBNR) was tested for their ability to reduce Fusarium Crown and Root Rot (FCRR) of tomato, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis lycopersici (FORL). Roots of tomato seedlings growing on 2% water agar in plastic boxes were inoculated with living or dead mycelial disks of HBNR. After 24 h, the pathogen was applied at 0, 3, 6, and 9 cm away from the position of the HBNR. Results: When living HBNR was used, the treatments provided significant protection to tomato seedlings from FCRR infection at all distances tested. Tomato plants pre-inoculated with living HBNR at different times (12 h and 24 h before inoculation with the pathogen) and challenged with FORL showed significant reduction of FCRR lesion development. A...
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Background: Tapping panel dryness (TPD) is a stress-related disorder that afflicts rubber trees, contributing to yield losses in nearly every rubber-growing region. Method: We demonstrated the curative effects of biostimulants containing... more
Background: Tapping panel dryness (TPD) is a stress-related disorder that afflicts rubber trees, contributing to yield losses in nearly every rubber-growing region. Method: We demonstrated the curative effects of biostimulants containing a fermented watery extract of shrimp waste-enriched compost (SWCE) on TPD in field trials. Undiluted SWCE was applied to lightly scraped bark in the first, third, and fourth trials, and applied directly without bark scraping in the second trial. Results: Bark treatment significantly (p < 0.05) reduced tapping cut dryness and increased latex yield, suggesting recovery from the disorder. When SWCE was applied to pre-scraped bark, 80% and 30% of trees with partial and complete TPD, respectively, recovered from tapping dryness within 2 months. The latex dry weight of treated trees with partial and complete TPD was 77.5% and 21.1% that of healthy trees, respectively. We observed slight recovery from TPD in trees treated without bark scraping and in tr...
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Anggraini et al, 2018. Host-Range Analysis of Downy Mildew (Pseudoperonospora cubensis) and Anthracnose (Colletotrichum Sp.) on some Cucurbitaceae Plants. JLSO 7(2): Inhibiting factors of cucumber cultivation is Downy mildew disease that... more
Anggraini et al, 2018. Host-Range Analysis of Downy Mildew (Pseudoperonospora cubensis) and Anthracnose (Colletotrichum Sp.) on some Cucurbitaceae Plants. JLSO 7(2): Inhibiting factors of cucumber cultivation is Downy mildew disease that is caused by Pseudoperonospora cubensis and Anthracnose by Colletotrichum sp. The objective of this research was to observe pathogenicity of activity caused by Pseudoperonospora cubensis and Colletotrichum sp. isolated from cucumber towards Cucurbitaceae plants. The research was conducted at greenhouse and Phytopathology Laboratory, Department of Plant Pests and Diseases Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sriwijaya in September to December 2016. This study used Randomized Block Design (RBD), with four types of plants, 2 treatments and 4 replications. The results showed that the incubation period of the plant inoculation Downy mildew by Pseudoperonospora cubensis range between 4.5-5.0 days. Result of broadest spot area was on melon leaf 2.05 cm2 w...
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Muslim et al, 2018. Damping-off of Chili Pepper Growing on Seedbed Soil from Farmers in Swamp Area of Pemulutan, Ogan Ilir. JLSO 7(1): Research on disease severity of damping-off on chili seedling from used seedbed nursery soil from... more
Muslim et al, 2018. Damping-off of Chili Pepper Growing on Seedbed Soil from Farmers in Swamp Area of Pemulutan, Ogan Ilir. JLSO 7(1): Research on disease severity of damping-off on chili seedling from used seedbed nursery soil from swampy area land in Pemulutan, Ogan Ilir was conducted in order to know what kind of pathogen that attack chili seddling and how is severe it’s severity. This study was aimed to identify the damping-off pathogens of chili pepper and to measure inoculum potential of seedbed soil from farmers in swamp area of Pemulutan, Ogan Ilir. The experiment was conducted using survey method. The sample was taken by purposive sampling on chili seedbed nursery from six farmers all along swampy area in Pemulutan, Ogan Ilir. The result showed that observation based on the sympton and laboratory assay on damping-off disease infected chili seedling was caused by Rhizoctonia solani. The percentage of Pre-emergence damping-off incidence was ranged from 6.5˗35.5%. The hi...
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The plant growth-promoting fungus (PGPF) Fusarium equiseti GF191 was tested for its ability to control Fusarium wilt of tomato (FWT) caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL) in both a hydroponic rock wool and soil system. F.... more
The plant growth-promoting fungus (PGPF) Fusarium equiseti GF191 was tested for its ability to control Fusarium wilt of tomato (FWT) caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL) in both a hydroponic rock wool and soil system. F. equiseti effectively controlled FWT, with protective effects based on disease severity of 66.7–88.6% in four experiments. The numbers of colony-forming units of