yustina fitriani

The development of technology has resulted in many innovations, one of which is in the field of education. Innovation in the field of education today apparently uses online learning systems, online tutoring course is one of the learning systems that make students or else easier to access knowledge anytime and anywhere. One of the E-learning innovations in online learning is an application called Ruangguru. Online study or online tutoring from Ruangguru is the highest number of students who have registered in Indonesia. Education in these days was no longer centered upon a back and forth between student and teacher; todays took on a more networked approach and student having their own direct connection for gain knowledge or information. This encouraged the development of a more personalized way of learning where a student’s independence and various way to gain knowledge. This study aims to analyze innovation e-learning on modern platforms in the development of learning medium Ruangguru.

All educational institutions during COVID-19 pandemic move to online learning to prevent the spread of this virus. All students and lecturers of the institutions have no other option. They must use some of online platforms to continue the learning process. The aim of this research was to know the students’ perspective of online learning on speaking class during COVID-19 pandemic. This research was categorized as mixed method research. There were 20 items of the questioner that have been distributed. The result showed that 14 items disagree and 6 items agree.

The aim of this research was to analyze the main characters on the movie “Joker” by Todd Phillips. This research were categorized as descriptive qualitative research. The data were taken by watching the movie and reading the scripts repeatedly.The theory of the psychological aspect is based on Sigmund Freud theory. They are the Id, ego, and superego. The main character’s Id is about his negative thought to the unfair life due to the negative response from his surrounding. It is a pleasure principle that works through primary process thinking. The main character’s ego is  killing people who are wrong. It is a  reality principle which works to satisfy all of the Id’s demand through secondary process thinking. The main character’s superego is keeping a good people alive. It is a moral principle that reflects to an idealistic standard through the rules of parents and society.   Keywords:psychological aspects, main character, movie, Sigmund Freud Theory

: The aims of this study are: to identify the needs of English teaching materials based on local culture for VII graders of junior high school and to develop an appropriate guideline of English teaching materials based on local culture for VII graders of junior high school.  This study adopted the design of research and development proposed by Dick, Carey & Carey (2009). The first draft of the guideline was validated by experts and evaluated by English teachers through Focus Group Discussion. The students’ responses also were needed to know their agreements toward the English materials based on local culture. The responses of the English teachers show the mean value ranging from 2.91 to 3.82, while the mean value of the students was ranging 2.94 to 3.62. It means both of mean value results categorized into “good” and “very good” based on interval range 2.52 to ≥ 3.28. It can be concluded that the English teachers agree with the developed guideline and the students agree with the Eng...