marta silva

Resumo O artigo tem por objetivo descrever as lesões no trânsito segundo características demográficas, utilização de equipamentos de proteção, uso de serviços de saúde, limitação de atividades e incapacidades. Estimou-se o percentual de envolvimento em acidentes de trânsito com lesões, o de uso de equipamentos de proteção, o uso de serviços saúde, limitação de atividades habituais, incapacidades e sequelas, segundo escolaridade, raça-cor, sexo, idade e região de residência. O uso de cinto de segurança na população adulta foi de 79,4% e 50,2%, nos bancos da frente e de trás, respectivamente; o de uso do capacete entre os condutores e passageiros de motocicleta foi respectivamente de 83,4 e 80,1. Equipamentos de segurança são menos usados nas regiões Norte e Nordeste e na zona rural. Relataram acidente de trânsito no último mês 3,1%, sendo maior no sexo masculino 4,5%, nas pessoas de escolaridade de nível fundamental completo e médio completo, adulto jovem e de raça-cor parda. Entre o...

This study aimed to identify and analyze notifications of domestic violence against children registered at the Regional Health Services in Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil; the limitations imposed to health professionals' actions and the meaning of domestic violence against children in the health professionals' routine. The notifications registered between 2001 and 2002 were characterized in order to better understand this reality and also to support the collected data through the qualitative approach. There is a predominance of negligence cases 45%, while 26% of the notifications related to physical violence and 14% to suspected sexual violence. Social workers registered the highest number of notifications, 46%. Based on the social agents' discourse, we identified two empirical categories: "interfaces of the violence" and "fear".

The expression and subcellular localization of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 or 2 (ERK1/2) homologues (HLERK1/2) during the process of organogenic nodule formation in Humulus lupulus var. Nugget was studied using antibodies specific for ERK1 and ERK2, and for ...

The development of human cell models that can efficiently restore hepatic functionality and cope with the reproducibility and scalability required for preclinical development poses a significant effort in tissue engineering and biotechnology. Primary cultures of human hepatocytes (HHs), the preferred model for in vitro toxicity testing, dedifferentiate and have short-term viability in two-dimensional (2D) cultures. In this study, hepatocytes isolated from human liver tissue were co-cultured with human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) as spheroids in automated, computer-controlled, stirred-tank bioreactors with perfusion operation mode. A dual-step inoculation strategy was used, resulting in an inner core of parenchymal liver tissue with an outer layer of stromal cells. Hepatocyte polarization and morphology as well as the mesenchymal phenotype of BM-MSCs were maintained throughout the culture period and the crosstalk between the two cell types was depicted. The viability...

Taeniid species of the Iberian wolf (Canis lupus signatus) in Portugal with special focus on Echinococcus spp. q a b s t r a c t Taeniid species represent relevant pathogens in human and animals, circulating between carnivorous definitive hosts and a variety of mammalian intermediate hosts. In Portugal, however, little is known about their occurrence and life cycles, especially in wild hosts. An epidemiological survey was conducted to clarify the role of the Iberian wolf as a definitive host for taeniid species, including Echinococcus spp. Wolf fecal samples (n = 68) were collected from two regions in Northern Portugal. Taeniid eggs were iso-lated through a sieving-flotation technique, and species identification was performed using multiplex-PCR followed by sequencing of the amplicons. Taenia hydatigena (in 11.8% of the samples), Taenia serialis (5.9%), Taenia pisiformis (2.9%), Taenia polyacantha (1.5%) and Echinococcus intermedius (Echinococcus gran-ulosus 'pig strain', G7...

Anchorage-dependent cell cultures are used for the production of viruses, viral vectors, and vaccines, as well as for various cell therapy and tissue engineering applications. Most of these applications currently rely on planar technologies for the generation of final biological products. However, as new cell therapy product candidates move from clinical trials towards potential commercialization, planar platforms have proven to be inadequate to meet large-scale manufacturing demand. Therefore, a new scalable platform for culturing anchorage-dependent cells at high cell volumetric concentrations is urgently needed. One promising solution is to grow cells on microcarriers suspended in single-use bioreactors. Towards this goal, a novel bioreactor system utilizing innovative Vertical-Wheel™ technology was evaluated for its potential to support scalable cell culture process development. Two anchorage-dependent human cell types were used: human lung carcinoma cells (A549 cell line) and h...

To estimate the prevalence of bullying among Brazilian students from the aggressor's perspective and to analyze its association with individual and contextual variables. This was a cross-sectional population-based study carried out with data from the National Survey on Student Health. A total of 109,104 students attending eight grade in public and private schools were included. Data were collected through a self-applied questionnaire. A model of association between bullying and variables in the following domains was tested: sociodemographics, risk behaviors, mental health, and family context. Univariate and multivariate analyses were also performed. The prevalence of aggressors in bullying situations was 20.8%. The following variables remained associated in the final multivariate model: male gender (OR: 1.87; 95% CI: 1.79-1.94), lower participation of 16-year-old students (OR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.53-0.82), and students from private schools (OR: 1.33; 95% CI: 1.27-1.39). Most aggress...

This study aimed to analyze the profile of treatment for accidents and violence involving children under 10 years of age in Brazil in the year 2011. This was a cross-sectional descriptive study in 71 emergency services in the Brazilian Unified National Health System (SUS), located in the national capital and 24 state capitals. Data were obtained from the Ministry of Health's system of sentinel surveillance services for Violence and Accidents (VIVA Survey). The highest proportion of injuries (67.4%) occurred inside the child's home. Among unintentional injuries, falls were the most frequent (52.4%), followed by running into objects or persons (21.8%) and traffic injuries (10.9%), especially as passengers (bicycles were an important means of transportation involved in the injuries). The vast majority of unintentional injuries are avoidable, and educational measures should be adopted, especially with parents, teachers, the community, and health workers, calling attention to the...

Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) have an enormous potential as a source for cell replacement therapies, tissue engineering, and in vitro toxicology applications. The lack of standardized and robust bioprocesses for hESC expansion has hindered the application of hESCs and their derivatives in clinical settings. We developed a robust and well-characterized bioprocess for hESC expansion under fully defined conditions and explored the potential of transcriptomic and metabolomic tools for a more comprehensive assessment of culture system impact on cell proliferation, metabolism, and phenotype. Two different hESC lines (feeder-dependent and feeder-free lines) were efficiently expanded on xeno-free microcarriers in stirred culture systems. Both hESC lines maintained the expression of stemness markers such as Oct-4, Nanog, SSEA-4, and TRA1-60 and the ability to spontaneously differentiate into the three germ layers. Whole-genome transcriptome profiling revealed a phenotypic convergence be...

In occupational accidents involving health professionals handling potentially contaminated material, the decision to start or to continue prophylactic medication against infection by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) has been based on the ELISA test applied to a blood sample from the source patient. In order to rationalize the prophylactic use of antiretroviral agents, a rapid serologic diagnostic test of HIV infection was tested by the enzymatic immunoabsorption method (SUDS HIV 1+2, MUREX) and compared to conventional ELISA (Abbott HIV-1/ HIV-2 3rd Generation plus EIA). A total of 592 cases of occupational accidents were recorded at the University Hospital of Ribeirão Preto from July 1998 to April 1999. Of these, 109 were simultaneously evaluated by the rapid test and by ELISA HIV. The rapid test was positive in three cases and was confirmed by ELISA and in one the result was inconclusive and later found to be negative by ELISA. In the 106 accidents in which the rapid test was ne...

Megaoesophagus resulting from achalasia is a rare but serious cause of airway obstruction. The exact aetiology remains unclear. Achalasia normally presents as weight loss, dysphasia and regurgitation but frequently considerable oesophageal distension can occur without complain and very rarely cause of achalasia presents with stridor or respiratory distress. The authors presents a 19 -year old young lady who had respiratory symptoms and had been treated as a cause of chronic asthma, was found by us to have oesophagus achalasia. She had complained of cough, dispneia and had a pulmonary function studies that showed a severe airway obstruction. After surgery the symptoms disappeared and she had a marked improvement in the flow-volume curve. Oesophagus achalasia should be considered as one of the differential diagnoses of airway obstruction.

Amiodarone is an antiarrhytmic drug and it is used to treat supraventricular or ventricular rhythm disturbances. Nevertheless it is not free of side effects. Amiodarone-induced pulmonary toxicity is one of them and is relatively rare (5 to 10% of cases) and can be fatal. There are several cumulative factors that may enhance susceptibility to pulmonary toxicity, such as advanced age and pre-existing pulmonary dysfunction. We present a case study of amiodarone-induced toxicity (pulmonary fibrosis) in an 81-year-old man. The patient had been treated with amiodarone for five years in daily dose 200 mg/day. After withdrawing the drug and systemic corticosteroid therapy, clinical, functional and radiological improvement was observed. This case confirms the needs of a vigilant monitoring and early diagnosis of the adverse effects of amiodarone therapy, and the difficulty of diagnosing it due to the nonspecificity of symptoms, clinical findings, and test results.

The integration of up- and down- stream unit operations can result in the elimination of hold steps, thus decreasing the footprint, and ultimately can create robust closed system operations. This type of design is desirable for the bioprocess of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC), where high numbers of pure cells, at low volumes, need to be delivered for therapy applications. This study reports a proof of concept of the integration of a continuous perfusion culture in bioreactors with a tangential flow filtration (TFF) system for the concentration and washing of hMSC. Moreover, we have also explored a continuous alternative for concentrating hMSC. Re*sults show that expanding cells in a continuous perfusion operation mode provided a higher expansion ratio, and led to a shift in cell's metabolism. TFF operated either in continuous or discontinuous allowed to concentrate cells, with high cell recovery (>80%) and viability (>95%); furthermore, continuous TFF permitted to operate longer with higher cell concentrations. Continuous diafiltration led to higher protein clearance…

ABSTRACT Introduction Toxocara canis and T. cati are described in Portugal in domestic and wild carnivores. Environmental contamination in Portuguese cities assessed at urban parks ranges between 0-10.8%. The latest prevalence of T. canis is less than 7.0% in household dogs. This seems a decreasing tendency compared to the 1980s, when prevalence as high as 28.0% was recorded. Stray dogs, however, still exhibit infection levels that can reach 24.7%. The few studies on T. cati reveal prevalence lower than 10.4% in stray cats. Environmental contamination in cities, and especially nearby rural human communities, persist as a focus of infection for humans and pets. Uncontrolled wild carnivores may be partially responsible for this, since in periurban and rural areas they have access to the same environment as pets and humans. Conclusions and Further Directions Red foxes seem the most important wild hosts for T. canis and a synanthropic cycle between dogs, rodents and foxes may exist in periurban areas. Stray cats may be more important than wild hosts in maintaining T. cati infectious pressure. In areas with high prevalence and environmental contamination, control measures should target dogs, cats, and possibly foxes. Stray pets are important control targets since they are responsible for perpetuating both the domestic and the wild cycles. The role of small carnivores, especially the invasive species Egyptian Mongoose, should be further studied, as well as , the role of wild rodents as paratenic hosts.

As causas externas destacam-se no perfil da morbimortalidade de jovens e crianças no Brasil, configurando importante problema de saúde pública e requerendo o aprofundamento de estudos sobre suas características e magnitude. O trabalho descreve o perfil dos atendimentos de emergência por acidentes envolvendo crianças (<10 anos de idade) atendidas em alguns serviços públicos de emergência no Brasil em 2006 e 2007. Os dados foram obtidos do componente de vigilância sentinela por inquérito dos Serviços Sentinelas de Vigilância de Violências e Acidentes (VIVA), do Ministério da Saúde. As crianças representaram cerca de 20% dos atendimentos de emergência por acidentes, com predomínio do sexo masculino e pré-escolares (2-5 anos). A maior proporção de acidentes (60%) ocorreu no ambiente domiciliar, seguido da via pública, escola, local de prática de esporte. As quedas e as queimaduras tiveram maior participação no grupo etário mais jovem (<1 ano), enquanto os acidentes de transporte e...

ABSTRACT The adsorption of the main components of the Parex process, i.e., p-xylene, m-xylene, o-xylene, ethylbenzene, p-diethylbenzene, and toluene, was studied in a batch adsorber operating under the conditions of an industrial unit (177 °C, 9 bar). Prior to each experiment, the faujasitic-type adsorbent was pretreated under helium flow to control the hydration level of the adsorbent. The experimental uptake curves were used to determine adsorption equilibrium data, which were fitted with Langmuir-type isotherms. A mathematical model in which the macropore diffusion is the rate-controlling mechanism, satisfactorily describes the experimental uptake curves.

O objetivo deste artigo foi descrever o perfil dos atendimentos de emergência por lesões relacionadas à violência em crianças (< 10 anos de idade) atendidas em serviços do Sistema de Vigilância de Violências e Acidentes (VIVA) do Ministério da Saúde, durante 30 dias consecutivos em cidades selecionadas no Brasil, 2006 e 2007. Das 518 crianças atendidas, predominaram as vítimas do sexo masculino (60,6%), idade de 5-9 anos (52,1%) e negros (71,2%). Sobressaíram-se as ocorrências no domicílio (55%), com lesão por corte/perfuração (34,2%) e evolução para alta (68,7%). A violência mais freqüente foi agressão física (67,4%), envolvendo espancamento, objetos perfurocortantes e arma de fogo. Os demais tipos de violência incluíram negligência (32%), abuso psicológico (9,5%) e violência sexual (3,5%). Em sua maioria, os agressores eram do sexo masculino (48,1%) e familiares da vítima (36,3%). Revela-se a vulnerabilidade da criança às situações de violência. É necessário desenvolver estraté...

Resumo As taxas de mortalidade por causas externas – acidentes e violências – apresentam-se altas e crescentes desde a década de 80, disseminando-se, em algumas regiões do Brasil, à semelhança de doenças transmissíveis. O Ministério da Saúde tem se ...

Resumo O consumo excessivo de bebidas alcoólicas e as causas externas de morbimortalidade são gran-des problemas de saúde pública no mundo. Este estu-do tem como objetivo descrever a frequência de refe-rência à ingestão de bebida alcoólica entre os atendi-mentos de ...

As causas externas constituem importantes fatores de morbimortalidade infantil e de incapacitações permanentes em todo o mundo. Estudo descritivo, de natureza quantitativa que objetivou caracterizar os atendimentos a crianças e adolescentes, na faixa etária de zero a 19 anos, vítimas de causas externas de morbimortalidade em um hospital universitário do interior de São Paulo, Brasil, no período de 2000 a 2006. Constatou-se no período estudado 6.302 atendimentos, sendo que a maioria dos casos registrados ocorreu entre adolescentes de 15 a 19 anos, no sexo masculino, entre sábado e segunda-feira e das 19 à zero hora. O principal diagnóstico de causa externa foram os acidentes de transporte, seguidos das agressões. Conclui-se que é de fundamental importância o papel da enfermagem na atenção aos acidentes, violências e agressões junto às famílias e comunidade, contribuindo para o planejamento e desenvolvimentos de ações preventivas e assistenciais.

A Doença de Graves constitui a forma mais comum de hipertireoidismo e três abordagens terapêuticas são atualmente utilizadas: uso de medicamentos antitireoideanos, cirurgia e iodo radioativo (I 131). Os efeitos do o I 131 e a indução precoce de hipotireoidismo são conseqüências da destruição induzida do I131 sobre o parênquima tireoideano. São poucos relatos encontrados na literatura acerca dos efeitos da radioioterapia sobre a laringe e conseqüentemente na produção vocal. OBJETIVO: Avaliar os efeitos agudos sobre a voz da radioiodoterapia em pacientes com hipertireoidismo por Doença de Basedow Graves. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Estudo de corte contemporâneo longitudinal, prospectivo. Procedimentos: Investigação vocal, mensuração do tempo máximo fonatório de /a/ e relação s/z, análise freqüência fundamental (Software Praat), laringoscopia e análise perceptivo-auditiva em três momentos: pré-dose, 4 dias e 20 dias pós dose. Momentos baseados no perfil inflamatório do tecido tireoideano. RESUL...

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of bullying from the victim's perspective in Brazilian school children and to analyze its association with individual and family context variables. METHODS: An analysis of the data on 109,104 adolescents, obtained by the National Adolescent School-based Health Survey, held in schools in 2012, was carried out. An association model between bullying and explanatory variables was tested in different contexts: sociodemographic, risk behaviors, mental health and family context. Univariate and multivariate analyzes were performed, calculating the Odds Ratio and confidence intervals. RESULTS: The prevalence of bullying found in this study was of 7.2% (95%CI 6.6 - 7.8). A higher chance of bullying was found among male students (OR = 1.58; 95%CI 1.51 - 1.66), with an inverse relation between age and bullying, with the magnitude of risk among adolescents younger than 13 years of age being higher when compared to those with 16 years of age or more. Of i...

TEMA: refletir sobre uma faceta da constituição da relação mãe-bebê, que se fez presente no uso criativo da voz cantada da mãe, na comunicação com o seu bebê. PROCEDIMENTOS: o único sujeito desse estudo é uma mãe, que se submeteu a oito sessões de terapias corporais associadas à emissão da voz cantada, sempre dirigidas ao bebê; as sessões transcorreram com a possibilidade de expressão livre pela fala e gesto da mãe e a escuta do terapeuta. RESULTADOS: o quadro que a mãe apresentava em relação ao seu bebê, no início do tratamento, se encaixa na descrição de depressão pós-parto. Após as sessões, a mãe conseguiu estabelecer contato com seu bebê, de modo prazeroso; por meio da emissão da voz cantada, ela estabeleceu a primeira forma de comunicação e não mais apresentou o quadro de dor e perda da voz. CONCLUSÃO: a possibilidade de reconhecimento, do bebê por sua mãe, teve a corporeidade como aliada, na conjunção dos corpos da mãe e do bebê, o que favoreceu o estabelecimento de uma comuni...

... Endereço para correspondência: Enio Lopes Mello. R. Dr. Alberto Seabra, 555, casa 04, Vl. Madalena, São Paulo (SP), Brasil, CEP: 05452-000. E-mail: enio.mello@superig.com. br Correlação entre comprimento de prega vocal e classificação ...

The study analyzes the trend in frequency of adults who drive under the influence of alcohol in major Brazilian cities after the passing of laws, which prohibit drunk driving. Data from the Surveillance System for Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Diseases by Telephone Survey (VIGITEL) between 2007 and 2013 were analyzed. The frequency of adults who drove after abusive alcohol consumption was reduced by 45.0% during this period (2.0% in 2007 to 1.1% in 2013). Between 2007 and 2008 (-0.5%) and between 2012 and 2013 (-0.5%), significant reductions were observed in the years immediately after the publication of these laws that prohibit drunk driving. These improvements towards the control of drunk driving show a change in the Brazilian population’s lifestyle.

OBJETIVO: Caracterizar a qualidade vocal, por meio de análise computadorizada e perceptivo-auditiva, de pacientes com hipertireoidismo (grupo A) e hipotireoidismo (grupo B). MÉTODOS: Vinte mulheres não fumantes, com idades entre 18 e 55 anos, atendidas no Ambulatório de Endocrinologia da instituição, foram avaliadas após o diagnóstico clínico e laboratorial de hipertireoidismo ou hipotireoidismo. Os parâmetros investigados foram: tempo da doença, presença de queixa vocal, tempos máximos de fonação /a/, /s/ e /z/, freqüência fundamental (F0), ruído glótico (GNE). Os aspectos avaliados na análise perceptivo-auditiva, foram: coordenação pneumo-fonoarticulatória (coordenada ou incoordenada), pitch, loudness, ataque vocal, ressonância, velocidade de fala e qualidade vocal, que poderia ter até duas das seguintes classificações: neutra, rouca, soprosa, áspera ou tensa, e grau: leve, moderado ou severo. Os dados foram tabulados e analisados estatisticamente através do programa EPI-INFO 6.04...

OBJECTIVE: To describe the victimization and bullying practice in Brazilian school children, according to data from the National Adolescent School-based Health Survey and to compare the surveys from 2009 and 2012. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study with univariate and multivariate analyzes of the following variables: to have been treated badly by colleagues, to have been bullied and to have bullied other children. The following independent variables were analyzed: age, sex, race/color, type of school, maternal education. Prevalence rates were compared between the editions of 2009 and 2012 of the survey. RESULTS: Of all the adolescents analyzed, 27.5% have not been treated well by peers at school, with greater frequency among boys (OR = 1.50), at the age of 15 years (OR = 1.29) and 16 (OR = 1.41), public school students (OR = 2.08), black (OR = 1.18) and whose mothers had less education; 7.2% reported having been bullied, with a greater chance in younger students (13 years old)...

ABSTRACT The human face, with its bone and muscular structures, present singular and peculiar characteristics. It may be classified in three basic types, which are related with shape variation and craniofacial configuration, both vertically and horizontally, influencing directly the dental occlusion, facial harmony, orofacial muscles and stomatognathic functions. For this reason, diagnosing facial type is important to speech-language pathology practice. The aim of the present study was to perform a literature review regarding facial type characteristics, presenting recent researches and studies about the theme. A bibliographical research was carried out in the databases LILACS, SciELO, Web of Science and Google Scholar, in addition to books, dissertations and thesis about the subject in the past ten years. Several field researches proved some characteristics of facial types found, especially, in the older references. Some aspects, however, were controversial when the facial types were compared, such as the eletromyographic activity of the masseter muscle, respiratory mode and the length of the upper lip and of the philtrum. It was possible to conclude that knowing the facial type and correlating it to the stomatognathic functions, muscles and occlusion is an important factor for practical clinic, but the professional should be flexible when comparing the pacient's characteristics with results found in the literature. Thus, it is possible to avoid determining an abnormality or atypia when the case is only a variability or adaptation.