Papers by Eugeny Goncharov
Journal of the Institute of Oriental Studies RAS. 2020. №2, 2020
Archaeological excavations in the settlement of Sadvar were carried out by the Khorezm expedition... more Archaeological excavations in the settlement of Sadvar were carried out by the Khorezm expedition in 1972–1975, but numismatic finds have not yet been published. The monument was located on the left bank of the Amu Darya River in Turkmenistan, on a trade route from the central regions of Khwarazm to Mawarannahr and Khorasan (currently, the site is flooded by a reservoir), and consisted of a so-called citadel and residential quarters, surrounded on three sides by a moat, as well as the “Chash-kala”, a castle structure built in the 9th–11th centuries adjacent to the settlement. The article provides a brief description of the ancient settlement, excavations, open structures, and ceramic complex. A total of 44 coins were found, 3 silver and 41 copper, 28 of which were identified. Three of those belong to the ancient period (Siyavushid Dynasty), 24 to the 9th–12th centuries (Tahirids, Afrigids of Kath, Samanids, Ma’munids, etc.), and one to the late 19th century (Khiva hanate). A Khwarazmshah coin with the lakab “Crown of the Nation and Cresset of the [Religious] Community” was found here for the first time; the name of the ruler on it has not yet been established, but based on combined characteristics the coin can be dated back to the 12th century. The only Buwayhid dirham is apparently a new, as yet undescribed type. In one of the pits, a wallet with 6 coins and bare flans was found. The coins belong to a new type struck in the city of Kath, the former capital of Khwarazm prior to 995. Several coin flans are of numismatic interest, some of them were punched in the center, presumably to remove them from circulation. A number of additional materials are given in the comments to the catalog of numismatic finds in the settlement of Sadvar. Numismatic material confirms archaeological evidence that the city began to lose its significance in the 12th century.
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Древности Поочья. Сборник научных работ к 60-летию В.В. Судакова , 2016
Публикуются выточенные из кости весы для взвешивания монет, найденные при археологических раскопк... more Публикуются выточенные из кости весы для взвешивания монет, найденные при археологических раскопках на поселении в округе г. Елец, Липецкая область.
На основании изучения самих весов и нумизматического контекста они датированы началом XV в.
Приведены сведения о находках подобных артефактов на других древнерусских городищах.
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Публикация нумизматического материала из находок экспедиции 1925 г. в Старом Крыму.
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During the 20th and early 21st centuries, a good number of articles were published, the authors o... more During the 20th and early 21st centuries, a good number of articles were published, the authors of which had expressed their ideas about the Byzantine origin of the Golden Horde double-headed eagle, as well as borrowing a similar Russian symbol from the Golden Horde (resp. Chingizid) set of emblems. Coins of the Ulus of Juchi, Byzance and some oriental dynasties were used as evidence therefor. The present article deals with the analysis of the numismatic heritage of the Juchids, Seljuqs of Rum, Ilkhans and some Turkish beyliks, revealing the fallacy in the conclusions of supporters of both versions. It has been shown that the «double-headed eagle» emblem had first emerged on the contemporary coins of the eastern part of Asia Minor, from which it would spread throughout the Crimean peninsula, and only then it penetrated into the Golden Horde coin production. The numismatic evidence, in fact, provides no data for eliminating the Russian coat of arms from the images on the Juchid copper coins.
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В статье описаны монеты, найденные на Самосдельском гор. в дельте р. Волги. Особое внимание уделе... more В статье описаны монеты, найденные на Самосдельском гор. в дельте р. Волги. Особое внимание уделено нумизматическим памятникам домонгольской эпохи. Анализируется историко-нумизматическая ситуация в Каспийском регионе и место в нём города, чьими остатками является Сам-ое гор. IX-XIV вв.
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Публикация восьми средневековых монет, необычных находок для данного региона.
Publication 8 c... more Публикация восьми средневековых монет, необычных находок для данного региона.
Publication 8 coins which was found NE Black Sea. Arabian caliphate, Fatimid, Hungarian, Rodos, Trebizond Empire.
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Публикация нескольких арабских дирхемов и золотой византийской монеты найденных в Липецкой, Ворон... more Публикация нескольких арабских дирхемов и золотой византийской монеты найденных в Липецкой, Воронежской и Белгородской областях.
Publication some Kufic dirhams and one Byzantine gold coin which was found in Central Russia.
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Краткий очерк по нумизматике средневековой Сицилии эпохи Отвилей, норманнских королей, владевших ... more Краткий очерк по нумизматике средневековой Сицилии эпохи Отвилей, норманнских королей, владевших островом и югом Италии в 11-12 в.
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На степном пограничье: Верхний Дон в истории средневековой России
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Numismatics of Juchid's Ulus by Eugeny Goncharov
АРХЕОЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ НАСЛЕДИЕ КАВКАЗА: актуальные проблемы изучения и сохранения XXXI КРУПНОВСКИЕ ЧТЕНИЯ, 2020
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JOURNAL of the Institute of Oriental Studies RAS, 2021
See abstracts in the paper.
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Труды Института востоковедения РАН, 2018
На примере одного типа золотоордынских пулов показывается источниковедческая работа в области вос... more На примере одного типа золотоордынских пулов показывается источниковедческая работа в области восточной нумизматики.
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Тезисы включают краткое описание археологического комплекса (поселение и могильник) и информацию ... more Тезисы включают краткое описание археологического комплекса (поселение и могильник) и информацию о найденных там 63 золотоордынских монетах. На основании анализа последних предположено, что могильник связан с пандемией чумы XIV в.
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The present article is a next one in the series of publication on the numis-matics of medieval Kh... more The present article is a next one in the series of publication on the numis-matics of medieval Khorezm (Khwarizm). Two previous articles were publi-cized in XXVIII and XXIX volumes of Epigraphic of Orient.
1. A hoard of cooper coins (puls) was found in Qunja Urganch archaeo-logical site that is remain of a capital of medieval Khorezm. A total 288 puls of alone coin type of two variants is.
Obv. –
Rev. – A saddled horse moving to right or to left. Short spear is fixed on his chest.
The horse having similar equipment is as Islamic, especially Shi'a, symbolic, so in turk and mongol epos. These coins visualize of religious and ethnic situation in Khorezm of temporary 14 c. A sum of cooper coin of this hoard is 18 silver coins, dangs, only. Perhaps, it is a change purse which was lost in the period of First war of khan Toqtamish and amir Timur, 789 AH.
2. A hoard of 113 silver coins (dangs) was found in Kir Uzgent (Far Uzgent) archaeological site that be situated at Lower Syr Daria region. The hoard include 1 coin of Kungrad Sufi (780 AH), 94 coins of Toqtamish khan (Khwarizm, 781 AH, 784-789 AH), 18 miri of amir Timur (Samarqand, 783-785 AH). This hoard was hided just like as previous at the period of aforemen-tioned war, in 789 AH or 790 AH. An events of it was happen near of Kir Uz-gent.
Some notes pertinent to money circulation and emission of silver coins is in this articles also.
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Papers by Eugeny Goncharov
На основании изучения самих весов и нумизматического контекста они датированы началом XV в.
Приведены сведения о находках подобных артефактов на других древнерусских городищах.
Publication 8 coins which was found NE Black Sea. Arabian caliphate, Fatimid, Hungarian, Rodos, Trebizond Empire.
Publication some Kufic dirhams and one Byzantine gold coin which was found in Central Russia.
Numismatics of Juchid's Ulus by Eugeny Goncharov
1. A hoard of cooper coins (puls) was found in Qunja Urganch archaeo-logical site that is remain of a capital of medieval Khorezm. A total 288 puls of alone coin type of two variants is.
Obv. –
Rev. – A saddled horse moving to right or to left. Short spear is fixed on his chest.
The horse having similar equipment is as Islamic, especially Shi'a, symbolic, so in turk and mongol epos. These coins visualize of religious and ethnic situation in Khorezm of temporary 14 c. A sum of cooper coin of this hoard is 18 silver coins, dangs, only. Perhaps, it is a change purse which was lost in the period of First war of khan Toqtamish and amir Timur, 789 AH.
2. A hoard of 113 silver coins (dangs) was found in Kir Uzgent (Far Uzgent) archaeological site that be situated at Lower Syr Daria region. The hoard include 1 coin of Kungrad Sufi (780 AH), 94 coins of Toqtamish khan (Khwarizm, 781 AH, 784-789 AH), 18 miri of amir Timur (Samarqand, 783-785 AH). This hoard was hided just like as previous at the period of aforemen-tioned war, in 789 AH or 790 AH. An events of it was happen near of Kir Uz-gent.
Some notes pertinent to money circulation and emission of silver coins is in this articles also.
На основании изучения самих весов и нумизматического контекста они датированы началом XV в.
Приведены сведения о находках подобных артефактов на других древнерусских городищах.
Publication 8 coins which was found NE Black Sea. Arabian caliphate, Fatimid, Hungarian, Rodos, Trebizond Empire.
Publication some Kufic dirhams and one Byzantine gold coin which was found in Central Russia.
1. A hoard of cooper coins (puls) was found in Qunja Urganch archaeo-logical site that is remain of a capital of medieval Khorezm. A total 288 puls of alone coin type of two variants is.
Obv. –
Rev. – A saddled horse moving to right or to left. Short spear is fixed on his chest.
The horse having similar equipment is as Islamic, especially Shi'a, symbolic, so in turk and mongol epos. These coins visualize of religious and ethnic situation in Khorezm of temporary 14 c. A sum of cooper coin of this hoard is 18 silver coins, dangs, only. Perhaps, it is a change purse which was lost in the period of First war of khan Toqtamish and amir Timur, 789 AH.
2. A hoard of 113 silver coins (dangs) was found in Kir Uzgent (Far Uzgent) archaeological site that be situated at Lower Syr Daria region. The hoard include 1 coin of Kungrad Sufi (780 AH), 94 coins of Toqtamish khan (Khwarizm, 781 AH, 784-789 AH), 18 miri of amir Timur (Samarqand, 783-785 AH). This hoard was hided just like as previous at the period of aforemen-tioned war, in 789 AH or 790 AH. An events of it was happen near of Kir Uz-gent.
Some notes pertinent to money circulation and emission of silver coins is in this articles also.
COINS FROM THE BOTTOM OF THE ARAL SEA
The article contains a primary presentation of numismatic findings from the archaeological site Aral-asar located in Kyzylorda region, Republic of Kazakhstan. Quite recently this area was covered by the waters of the Aral Sea. 26 silver and 21 copper coins have been unearthed in total. Some of them represent new types un-known before:
1 – Second local type of copper puls with a stirrup-like tamgha (presumably 13th century).
36 – Pul of Syghnaq, 769 AH.
39 – First type with the name of Urus khan, 775 AH (unclear mint name).
The second part of the article contains the analysis of silver coins struck with-out ruler’s name, mint name and date. 9 such pieces have been found in Aral-asar. The author suggests that these coins were struck at a certain mint in the Syrdaria region, approximately in late 13th century.
1. Денга ВК Василия Дмитриевича с оригинальной (не подражательной) восточной легендой.
2. Новый тип денги с подражанием индийской золотой монете.
3. Гривна с надпечаткой двуногой тамги.
Abstract with publication some silver and copper coins minted by New Saray in 15th c. The presence of these coins together the localization of their findings confirm that the New Saray was located in the Selitrennoe archaeological site (Astrakhan region), but not Tsarevskoye a.s. in the Volgograd region.
Фельсы и медные дирхемы VIII - XIII вв.
Majar is the Golden Horde town in North Caucasia area. Several coin types with unusual Juchid tamghas was struck there in 770-780 AH. Author believes that the tamghas were not emblems of Muhammad khan and Toqtamysh khan. Anonymous local rulers from Tuka-timurids branch were owners of it.
Барджинлыг (Барчин) был одним из крупнейших городов на территории сырдарьинских владений Джучидов. Но история его по письменным памятникам практически не восстанавливается, только в общем контексте истории региона. Наиболее информативным и многочисленным источником являются чеканенные здесь монеты, некоторые из которых были найдены в западных районах Улуса Джучидов. Последние свидетельствуют о связях двух отдалённых регионов в XIV в. Публикуемое в статье надгробие является ещё одним памятником таких связей, отражающим, вероятно, переселение части жителей с востока на запад.
The article is based on the new reading of the epitaph of mevlâna Ahmad b. Mahmud who was buried in 793/1390 at a medieval cemetery in Eski Yurt near Bakhchisaray (Crimea). Ahmad was born or lived for a long time in Bardjinlyk on the Syr Darya river (modern Republic of Kazakhstan). The article combines written and numismatic data and gives a brief history of the city of Bardjinlyk. Besides this authors propose a version of a way by which Ahmad ibn Mahmud could come to the Crimea.
Из Барджинлыка в Эски-Юрт: мевляна Ахмад б. Махмуд ал-Барджинлыги
На основании нового чтения эпитафии авторы статьи считают одного из погребенных в 793/1390 г. на средневековом кладбище в Эски-Юрте возле Бахчисарая (Крым) мевляну Ахмада б. Махмуда уроженцем или жителем города Барджинлык на Сырдарье в современном Казахстане. В статье дается краткая история этого города по письменным и нумизматическим данным, выдвигается предположение о времени и путях попадания уроженца Барджинлыка в золотоордынский Крым.