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Ron Noseworthy
  • Korea, Republic of
Located approximately 80 km off the south coast of Korea, the shallow subtidal area of Jeju Island is enriched with fauna and flora (Cho et al. 2014; Noseworthy et al. 2016; Kwun et al. 2017). Such a high species diversity in coastal Jeju... more
Located approximately 80 km off the south coast of Korea, the shallow subtidal area of Jeju Island is enriched with fauna and flora (Cho et al. 2014; Noseworthy et al. 2016; Kwun et al. 2017). Such a high species diversity in coastal Jeju Island can be attributed to the warm Tsushima current, derived from the Kuroshio current, as numerous fauna have a zoo-geographical affiliation from the subtropical to tropical (Noseworthy et al. 2007; Sugihara et al. 2014; Lutaenko et al. 2019, 2021). According to Khim et al. (2021), 511 species of marine invertebrate animals have been recorded from Jeju Island, and mollusks constitute approximately 60%. Sugihara et al. (2014) identified seven species of zooxanthellate scleractinian corals on Jeju Island, these corals exclusively occurring there. The zooxanthellate scleractinian coral Alveopora japonica in the family Acroporidae occurs on shallow subtidal hard substrata in southern Taiwan, the Pacific coast of Japan,
Tide pools in the rocky intertidal of Jeju Island are characterized by a rich molluscan biodiversity, often associated with macro algae; however, few studies have reported on the unique algae-mollusk association in tide pools in Jeju... more
Tide pools in the rocky intertidal of Jeju Island are characterized by a rich molluscan biodiversity, often associated with macro algae; however, few studies have reported on the unique algae-mollusk association in tide pools in Jeju Island. In May 2012, we collected mollusk species associated with the coralline algae Corallina confusa Yendo, 1902 from a tide pool at Hamo beach on the southwest coast of Jeju Island. A total of 24 species associated with the coralline algae were identified, including one chiton in the Mopaliidae, 4 bivalves, and 19 gastropods. Most of the molluscs isolated from the coralline algae were juvenile and sub-adults, suggesting that C. confusa clusters in tide pools are utilized as a shelter or source of food for grazing gastropods.
A species of the genus Ammonicera Vayssière, 1893 collected from coralline algae communities in Jeju Island, South Korea, is described as a new species, A. aurea, for science. Its morphological characters are described and illustrated by... more
A species of the genus Ammonicera Vayssière, 1893 collected from coralline algae communities in Jeju Island, South Korea, is described as a new species, A. aurea, for science. Its morphological characters are described and illustrated by SEM micrographs. This new species can be clearly distinguished from other Ammonicera species from the Pacific Ocean by the presence of a spiral cord and about 25 slightly-elevated axial ribs, resulting in about 25 nodules at intersecting points of the cord and ribs on the last whorl of the teleoconch.
The subtropical brooding oyster Ostrea (= Striostrea) circumpicta (Pilsbry, 1904) occurs at high density in the shallow, subtidal, rocky bottom in Jeju Island, off the south coast of Korea, where the sea surface temperature and salinity... more
The subtropical brooding oyster Ostrea (= Striostrea) circumpicta (Pilsbry, 1904) occurs at high density in the shallow, subtidal, rocky bottom in Jeju Island, off the south coast of Korea, where the sea surface temperature and salinity varies annually from 13 to 25°C and 30 to 33 ppt, respectively. In this study, the annual gametogenesis and early larval development of O. circumpicta was examined, using histology and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Histology indicated that the females and males initiated gonial mitosis in September, shortly after sexual resting in August. In December, ripe eggs first appeared in the follicles, and most of the females exhibited fully mature oocytes in May, as the water temperature reached 17 to 18°C. Spawning females were dominant in June and July, when the trochophore and strait- hinged veliger larvae were also identified in the branchial chambers, their size ranging from 111 to 130 μm and 135-205 μm in diameter, respectively. The veliger larva...
First collected in North America in 1937 on the Avalon Peninsula of the Island of Newfoundland, the introduced, primarily European land snail, Discus rotundatus, has now been recorded from the Island of Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, New... more
First collected in North America in 1937 on the Avalon Peninsula of the Island of Newfoundland, the introduced, primarily European land snail, Discus rotundatus, has now been recorded from the Island of Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Quebec, Ontario, and British Columbia. We review all known records from Canada, demonstrate that D. rotundatus is more widespread than was previously recognized on the Island of Newfoundland, and report the first record from New Brunswick.
A collection of Erginus rubellus (Fabricius, 1780) is reported from the Island of Newfoundland, Canada. It is the second known record of the species for the Island; and the first reported in over a century. Shell morphology and... more
A collection of Erginus rubellus (Fabricius, 1780) is reported from the Island of Newfoundland, Canada. It is the second known record of the species for the Island; and the first reported in over a century. Shell morphology and distribution are discussed, with particular reference to Newfoundland and Labrador.
We report the first occurrence of the chiton Cryptoplax propior Is. and Iw. Taki, 1930, a species of Polyplacophora newly reported for the Korean molluscan fauna. Two specimens of C. propior were obtained during faunal surveys from two... more
We report the first occurrence of the chiton Cryptoplax propior Is. and Iw. Taki, 1930, a species of Polyplacophora newly reported for the Korean molluscan fauna. Two specimens of C. propior were obtained during faunal surveys from two localities on both the north and south coasts of Jeju Island, off the southern coast of Korea. Although reference has been made to C. propior in several faunal and taxonomic studies, little is known about the ecology of this species, and only a few specimens have been collected since it was first described in 1930. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed the characteristics of C. propior: the granular rows on the median and tail valves, and the short, thick blunt spicules on the perinotum. Due to the present study, the distribution range of C. propior now extends from south-central Japan to Jeju Island, southwestern Korea.
ABSTRACT Clithon retropictus is a neritid gastropod inhabiting mainly brackish water. Currently this species has been listed as a second grade endangered species of wildlife in Korea by the Ministry of Environment, due to the decrease in... more
ABSTRACT Clithon retropictus is a neritid gastropod inhabiting mainly brackish water. Currently this species has been listed as a second grade endangered species of wildlife in Korea by the Ministry of Environment, due to the decrease in its population size. C. retropictus has previously been identified from estuaries on the south coast of Korea. In Jeju Island, this species has been reported only from the south coast. However, a population has recently been discovered on the north coast of the island in an apparently new type of habitat, under rocks adjacent to a dry riverbed on a muddy substrate. C. retropictus was found to be aggregated under some of the larger rocks, and the habitat was located near the high tide line. The present study reports some possible reasons for the occurrence of the population in this unusual habitat, and provides useful information on the biometry and population size which can be used in the management of this endangered species.
A brief review of the zoogeography of the Sea of Japan/East Sea is presented to demonstrate the existence and position of biogeographical boundaries and subdivisions. A zonal-biogeographical approach is used as a powerful tool to... more
A brief review of the zoogeography of the Sea of Japan/East Sea is presented to demonstrate the existence and position of biogeographical boundaries and subdivisions. A zonal-biogeographical approach is used as a powerful tool to discrimate between boreal and subtropical regions. Biogeographical patterns of embayment faunas, including between-areas, open and protected areas, and inner and outer bays, and bathymetric differences are described using the example of Ussuriysky, Amursky, and Possjet Bays, in Russia, and Yeongil Bay, in Korea. The Holocene migrations and formation of the upper subtidal fauna are briefly reviewed. We recognize in the Sea of Japan and adjacent areas a boreal Japanese-Manchurian Province which encompasses the northern half of the Sea of Japan, Hokkaido, southern Kurile Islands, and Aniva and Terpenya bays in the southern Sea of Okhotsk. The southern part of the Sea of Japan is occupied by the subtropical Sino-Japanese Province extending to the Yellow Sea, so...
ABSTRACT Although recorded from Newfoundland in 1885, by the late 1930s the copse snail, Arianta arbustorum (Linnaeus, 1758), was believed to no longer be extant in North America. We investigated sites in Newfoundland, New Brunswick, and... more
ABSTRACT Although recorded from Newfoundland in 1885, by the late 1930s the copse snail, Arianta arbustorum (Linnaeus, 1758), was believed to no longer be extant in North America. We investigated sites in Newfoundland, New Brunswick, and Ontario, Canada and found that A. arbustorum is well established in these provinces; extant populations have persisted in Newfoundland for at least the past 30 years and in Ontario for more than 50 years. Where present in Canada, the species may sometimes be abundant, although populations are quite local, sometimes occupying less than 1 ha. Canadian Food Inspection Agency records show A. arbustorum to have been intercepted regularly (0–3 interceptions/year) since record-keeping started in 1963. Interceptions have occurred in 7 provinces spanning the country from Nova Scotia to British Columbia. Nursery stock originating in the Netherlands appears to be the main vector, but preliminary molecular data from Newfoundland populations suggests multiple European points of origin.
Page 1. Korean Journal of Malacology, Vol. 23(1): 65-104, June 30, 2007 - 65 - A Catalogue of the Mollusks of Jeju Island, South Korea Ronald G. Noseworthy, Na-Rae Lim1, and Kwang-Sik Choi1 Field Associate, Shellfish ...
Helisoma trivolvis trivolvis (Say, 1816) is reported from the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada for the first time. The subspecies is apparently restricted to a single locality on the west coast of the island of Newfoundland.... more
Helisoma trivolvis trivolvis (Say, 1816) is reported from the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada for the first time. The subspecies is apparently restricted to a single locality on the west coast of the island of Newfoundland. Specimens and habitat are typical.
Fusinus juliabrownae n. sp. is described from the southern and eastern coasts of Korea. Though cited and figured widely in the Korean literature, it has not hitherto been recognized as a separate species. It is compared with F.... more
Fusinus juliabrownae n. sp. is described from the southern and eastern coasts of Korea. Though cited and figured widely in the Korean literature, it has not hitherto been recognized as a separate species. It is compared with F. ferrugineus (Kuroda & Habe, 1960), F. perplexus (A. Adams, 1864), F. nigrirostratus (E. A. Smith, 1879) and F. tuberosus (Reeve, 1847). The new species represents a northward range extension for the genus on the continental coast of the Japan Sea.
Pelecyora corculum (Römer, 1870), and 6 species have been reported in literature but were not included in the first molluscan catalogue of Jeju by Noseworthy et al. (2007); in total, 25 species are added to the Jeju fauna in this part.... more
Pelecyora corculum (Römer, 1870), and 6 species have been reported in literature but were not included in the first molluscan catalogue of Jeju by Noseworthy et al. (2007); in total, 25 species are added to the Jeju fauna in this part. Odd literature records are discussed. In all, 248 species and 58 families of marine bivalve mollusks are currently known in Jeju-do.
The neritid Clithon retropictum (v. Martens, 1870) is listed as a second-grade endangered mollusk species in Korea, inhabiting river mouths and estuaries on the south coast and Jeju Island. C. retropictum has been identified from four... more
The neritid Clithon retropictum (v. Martens, 1870) is listed as a second-grade endangered mollusk species in Korea, inhabiting river mouths and estuaries on the south coast and Jeju Island. C. retropictum has been identified from four localities on Jeju Island, two on the north and the other two on the south coasts. Recent surveys on the northern coast of Jeju Island indicated that a small population of C. retropictum inhabits the river mouth of Gosung-Cheon stream located near Hagwi fishing port on the northern Jeju Island. In the newly found locality, we identify several adult sizes of C. retropictum and the numerous egg capsules attached to rocks. Accordingly, we report the new habitat of the estuarine gastropod on the northern coast of Jeju Island.
The little-cone limpet Patelloida conulus (Dunker, 1861) is a member of the Lottiidae, occurring on sandy and muddy tidal flats in the intertidal zone, and is found living symbiotically on shells of mud snails, which often occurs in a... more
The little-cone limpet Patelloida conulus (Dunker, 1861) is a member of the Lottiidae, occurring on sandy and muddy tidal flats in the intertidal zone, and is found living symbiotically on shells of mud snails, which often occurs in a high density in sandy and muddy intertidal areas. In this study, we first report association of the little-cone limpets with mud snails from an intertidal sandy beach at Sungsan on the northeast coast of Jeju Island. At the upper intertidal area, the common mud snail Batillaria attramentaria (G. B. Sowerby I, 1855) occurred at a high density, and P. conulus was found on the shell surface. Shell height of the little-cone limpet ranged from 2.6 to 6.6 mm (N = 7), and the host snail carried one P. conulus on its shell in most cases. The little-cone limpet and the mud snail association has been regarded as being restricted to the Batillariidae, while we observed for the first time the occurrence of P. conulus on the cerithiid snail Rhincoclavis kochi (Philippi, 1848).
Nobuea Kuroda et Miyanaga, 1943 (Gastropoda Cyclophoridae) is one of the least-known genera of terrestrial gastropods. An individual of this genus was collected from Jeju Island, South Korea, the first record of Nobuea from this island.... more
Nobuea Kuroda et Miyanaga, 1943 (Gastropoda Cyclophoridae) is one of the least-known genera of terrestrial gastropods. An individual of this genus was collected from Jeju Island, South Korea, the first record of Nobuea from this island. Further studies are needed to investigate the taxonomic and conservation status of the Jeju Nobuea reported here.
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The subtropical brooding oyster Ostrea (= Striostrea) circumpicta (Pilsbry, 1904) occurs at high density in the shallow, subtidal, rocky bottom in Jeju Island, off the south coast of Korea, where the sea surface temperature and salinity... more
The subtropical brooding oyster Ostrea (= Striostrea) circumpicta (Pilsbry, 1904) occurs at high density in the shallow, subtidal, rocky bottom in Jeju Island, off the south coast of Korea, where the sea surface temperature and salinity varies annually from 13 to 25°C and 30 to 33 ppt, respectively. In this study, the annual gametogenesis and early larval development of O. circumpicta was examined, using histology and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Histology indicated that the females and males initiated gonial mitosis in September, shortly after sexual resting in August. In December, ripe eggs first appeared in the follicles, and most of the females exhibited fully mature oocytes in May, as the water temperature reached 17 to 18°C. Spawning females were dominant in June and July, when the trochophore and strait-hinged veliger larvae were also identified in the branchial chambers, their size ranging from 111 to 130 µm and 135-205 µm in diameter, respectively. The veliger larvae in the brooding chamber exhibited a well-developed velum and digestive tract, suggesting that the larvae are engaged in feeding in the branchial chamber. Unlike other marine bivalves in temperate coastal ecosystems, O. circumpicta has a long period of gonad maturation and a short resting phase. It has been believed that such a long period of reproductive maturation is associated with a low level of food in the environment and the comparatively large size of the oocytes, which may require a relatively longer time to accumulate necessary nutrients to produce large eggs in a food-poor environment.
The bivalve molluscan fauna of Jeju Island (Jeju-do), the largest island of Korea, is reviewed based on original and literature data. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of species with indication of local distribution and taxonomic... more
The bivalve molluscan fauna of Jeju Island (Jeju-do), the largest island of Korea, is reviewed based on original and literature data. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of species with indication of local distribution and taxonomic comments is prepared, supplemented also with data on general distribution, habitats, and primary synonyms. This first part of the paper includes 105 species belonging to 21 families (Nuculidae through Limidae). The history of Jeju molluscan research, a bibliography on all aspects of mollusk biology, and the general ecology of Jeju bivalves in various habitats are also included. Five species are reported as new for Jeju Island, two species as new for Korea, and 11 species have been reported in literature but were not included in the first bivalve catalogue of Jeju by Noseworthy et al. (2007); in total 16 species are added to the fauna.
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Tide pools in the rocky intertidal of Jeju Island are characterized by a rich molluscan biodiversity, often associated with macro algae; however, few studies have reported on the unique algae-mollusk association in tide pools in Jeju... more
Tide pools in the rocky intertidal of Jeju Island are characterized by a rich molluscan biodiversity, often associated with macro algae; however, few studies have reported on the unique algae-mollusk association in tide pools in Jeju Island. In May 2012, we collected mollusk species associated with the coralline algae Corallina confusa Yendo, 1902 from a tide pool at Hamo beach on the southwest coast of Jeju Island. A total of 24 species associated with the coralline algae were identified, including one chiton in the Mopaliidae, 4 bivalves, and 19 gastropods. Most of the molluscs isolated from the coralline algae were juvenile and sub-adults, suggesting that C. confusa clusters in tide pools are utilized as a shelter or source of food for grazing gastropods.
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− A species of the genus Ammonicera Vayssière, 1893 collected from coralline algae communities in Jeju Island, South Korea, is described as a new species, A. aurea, for science. Its morphological characters are described and illustrated... more
− A species of the genus Ammonicera Vayssière, 1893 collected from coralline algae communities in Jeju Island, South Korea, is described as a new species, A. aurea, for science. Its morphological characters are described and illustrated by SEM micrographs. This new species can be clearly distinguished from other Ammonicera species from the Pacific Ocean by the presence of a spiral cord and about 25 slightly-elevated axial ribs, resulting in about 25 nodules at intersecting points of the cord and ribs on the last whorl of the teleoconch.
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The family Boettgerillidae, represented by the Eurasian slug Boettgerilla pallens Simroth, 1912, is first recorded for Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada—a range extension of almost exactly 5000 km within the Americas. Compiled, within an... more
The family Boettgerillidae, represented by the Eurasian slug Boettgerilla pallens Simroth, 1912, is first recorded for Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada—a range extension of almost exactly 5000 km within the Americas. Compiled, within an appendix, to provide a national perspective for the Newfoundland and Labrador record, are 13 previously unpublished B. pallens records from British Columbia, Canada. Incidentally recorded is the second eastern Canadian outdoor occurrence of the European slug Deroceras invadens. This paper is the first in a series that will treat all of the terrestrial molluscs of Newfoundland and Labrador.
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The bivalve Malleus regula (Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775) is reported for the first time from Korea. This is the second species of Malleidae reported from this country. Since the species is quite variable, comparisons were made with the... more
The bivalve Malleus regula (Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775) is reported for the first time from Korea. This is the second species of Malleidae reported from this country. Since the species is quite variable, comparisons were made with the original description and descriptions in the literature; some taxonomic comments were also made. Global warming and possible changes in the northward-flowing Tsushima Current may account for the addition of new mollusk species to the island's fauna.
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The Chinese mystery snail, Cipangopaludina [=Bellamya] chinensis, is documented for the first time in the Saint John River, New Brunswick, a watercourse which drains the largest watershed in Atlantic Canada. This is the first non-native... more
The Chinese mystery snail, Cipangopaludina [=Bellamya] chinensis, is documented for the first time in the Saint John River, New Brunswick, a watercourse which drains the largest watershed in Atlantic Canada. This is the first non-native mollusc known to be established in the Saint John River system. Although significant ecosystem effects of the species seem unlikely, possible introduction of C. chinensis via boat traffic emphasizes the need for boater education combined with monitoring of the Saint John River system for potentially more troublesome non-native species, including the zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha. Review of published records and museum collections for Atlantic Canada show C. chinensis has been reported from 13 freshwater wetlands and waterbodies in New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland since 1955. The species remains extant in at least 10 of these sites and is clearly more widespread in the region than the single previously published report would suggest.
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The southern coast of Korea comprises many small bays where the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, has been cultivated intensively employing a long-line hanging culture system. Naturally harvested oyster spats used in the long-line... more
The southern coast of Korea comprises many small bays where the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, has been cultivated intensively employing a long-line hanging culture system. Naturally harvested oyster spats used in the long-line culture system are hardened in mid-intertidal area and transplanted to the center of the bay for grow-out usually in May. The May transferred oyster produced considerably smaller quantity of eggs during spawning in September. To enhance the reproductive effort and growth during grow-out, we transferred the hardened oyster juveniles to grow-out sites in January rather than May to allow them to accumulate energy reserves at the time of spring phytoplankton bloom that normally occurs during April and early May. The January transferred oyster juvenile (JTO) showed fast somatic and shell growth during grow-out, reaching a marketable size in August, while the juvenile oyster transplanted in May (MTO) did not reach a market size until November. JTO spawned from June to September, with a single spawning pulse in July, while most of the MTO spawned in September. Quantity of eggs produced by the JTO was 5.7 times higher than MTO, indicating that early grow-out enhanced egg production. The meat weight and levels of tissue carbohydrate and protein of JTO harvested in November were significantly higher than MTO harvested at the same time, suggesting that the meat quality of JTO is superior to the MTO. Overall, our results suggest that transplanted hardened juveniles to grow-out in January increase natural oyster seed harvest in the bay as well as improve quality of the oyster for marketing. Statement of relevance: Oyster farming is one of the leading aquaculture industries in the world, producing over 4 million tons of oysters annually worldwide. In the oyster industry, Crassostrea gigas, the Pacific oyster, has been cultured extensively in Asia, and recently in Europe using different modes of culture. In Asia, the Pacific oysters are raised using subtidal hanging long-line system, while they are cultured in intertidal areas using net bags and rack system in Europe. In Korea and Japan, the oyster seeds are supplied mostly from wild, by harvesting oyster larvae during post-spawning season. The newly harvested oyster spats are stunted in intertidal before they are transplanted to the subtidal hanging long-lines, to maximize survival of the seed oysters. This stunting process is called hardening and the hardening of oyster has been practiced for several decades in Korea and Japan. In Korea, the hardening seed oysters are transplanted in May, and the May transplanted oysters are harvested in December as they grow up to 8 cm in shell length. The May transplanted oysters produce relatively smaller quantity of eggs during their first spawning, although the small reproductive effort may increase their survival during post-spawning season. The natural oyster spats harvested in late summer or early fall for the oyster culture in Korea are mostly originated from the May transplanted oysters. Currently, the natural oyster spat harvest in Korea suffers from insufficient quantity. In part, this insufficiency is associated to the poor reproductive activity of the May transplanted oyster. Low reproductive effort of May transplanted oysters during their first spawning is, in part, associated to too late transplantation to the bay, and earlier transplantation of the stunted oysters from the hardening ground to the grow-out ground in the bay may enhance the reproductive effort, resulting in subsequent successful larval recruitment and settlement of the larvae. Accordingly, we experimentally transplanted the hardened oysters 4 months earlier to the traditional transplanting period (January) and monitored their reproduction and growth. Although the hardening process has been practiced over 50 years, no studies have compared growth and reproduction of differentially transplanted oysters in Korea. As the data demonstrated, January transplanted oyster demonstrated earlier gonad maturation and produced 5 × more eggs during spawning, compared to Aquaculture j o u r n a l h o m e p a g e : w w w. e l s e v i e r. c o m / l o c a t e / a q u a c u l t u r e May transplanted oysters. No severe mortality was observed from the early transplanted oysters during the course of study, although reproductive activity of January transplanted oysters was relatively intensive, compared to May transplanted oysters. The present study first attempted to evaluate effectiveness of transplantation timing of the hardened oysters, in terms of growth and reproduction. Also, quantity of the eggs produced from differentially transplanted female oysters was first measured and compared in this study using ELISA. As the data indicated, January transplanted oyster produced 5× more eggs, which may enhance the natural oyster spat harvest in the bay, as well as to evaluate the transplantation period and management of oyster farming on the south coast of Korea.
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Although recorded from Newfoundland in 1885, by the late 1930s the copse snail, Arianta arbustorum (Linnaeus, 1758), was believed to no longer be extant in North America. We investigated sites in Newfoundland, New Brunswick, and Ontario,... more
Although recorded from Newfoundland in 1885, by the late 1930s the copse snail, Arianta arbustorum (Linnaeus, 1758), was believed to no longer be extant in North America. We investigated sites in Newfoundland, New Brunswick, and Ontario, Canada and found that A. arbustorum is well established in these provinces; extant populations have persisted in Newfoundland for at least the past 30 years and in Ontario for more than 50 years. Where present in Canada, the species may sometimes be abundant, although populations are quite local, sometimes occupying less than 1 ha. Canadian Food Inspection Agency records show A. arbustorum to have been intercepted regularly (0–3 interceptions/year) since record-keeping started in 1963. Interceptions have occurred in 7 provinces spanning the country from Nova Scotia to British Columbia. Nursery stock originating in the Netherlands appears to be the main vector, but preliminary molecular data from Newfoundland populations suggests multiple European po...
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In the present study, we observed a unique association of the flat oyster, Ostrea denselamellosa obtained from a muddy substrate at Haechang Bay, the south coast of Korea in the spring of 2013. Fossilized or semi-fossilized veneriid clam... more
In the present study, we observed a unique association of the flat oyster, Ostrea denselamellosa obtained from a muddy substrate at Haechang Bay, the south coast of Korea in the spring of 2013. Fossilized or semi-fossilized veneriid clam shells, possibly Ruditapes philippinarum, were found adhering to the umbonal area of the flat oyster valves. This unique association of the flat oyster shells with the fossilized clam shells suggested that the flat oyster larvae utilized the clam shells as substrate during settlement. Since availability of clam shells in the muddy subtidal environment is limited, this unique substrata for the flat oyster larvae may limit recruitment of the flat oysters in the bay.
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− Corals reefs and communities support a wide range of flora and fauna. The complete richness and abundance of faunal communities in either coral reefs or communities is not fully understood. This is especially true for high-latitude... more
− Corals reefs and communities support a wide range of flora and fauna. The complete richness and abundance of faunal communities in either coral reefs or communities is not fully understood. This is especially true for high-latitude coral communities. In this work, we carried out an analysis of an Alveopora japonica associated mollusk assemblage, in Jeju Island, Korea. A. japonica is one of the major coral species present in high abundance (88–155 colonies m-2), with a high recruitment rate (7.8 juvenile corals m-2 yr-1) in Jeju Island, and may serve as a habitat for other benthic organisms. In 2012, a total number of 579 A. japonica colonies with sizes ranging between 15.1−346.7 cm 2 in the surface area were collected from a 1 m × 10 m quadrat installed at a depth of 10 m at Keumneung, on the northwest coast of Jeju Island. Numerous benthic invertebrates were found to be associated with A. japonica colonies. Twenty-seven bivalves and gastropods were identified, including a boring mytilid, Lithophaga curta, and an arcid, Barbatia stearnsi. A zonal-geographical examination of the distribution ranges of these mollusks revealed a majority of warmer water species. Our observations also showed that A. japonica may be providing a habitat to grazing gastropod, Turbo cornutus, and encrusting Spondylidae and Chamidae bivalves. A. japonica forms a coral carpet with a distinct assemblage of bivalves. It is thought that the presence of these mollusks species in the coral indicates its use as a nursery for juvenile species, a ready food supply of organic detritus, and a refuge from predators.
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In the present study, we surveyed the molluscan fauna in a lagoon located near Seong-san harbor on the east coast of Jeju Island in July 2012. For the survey, a 25 x 25 cm quadrat was deployed over 3 randomly selected sites in the... more
In the present study, we surveyed the molluscan fauna in a lagoon located near Seong-san harbor on the east coast of Jeju Island in July 2012. For the survey, a 25 x 25 cm quadrat was deployed over 3 randomly selected sites in the intertidal area of the lagoon. Sediment from the surface to a depth of 25 cm in the quadrat was removed and sieved using a 1 mm mesh sieve. All molluscan fauna retained on the sieve was identified to the species level. From the survey, 25 species of mollusca belonging to 2 orders and 16 families were identified. Species richness, in terms of total number of species, was found to be the highest at sampling site 1, where the substrate was composed of coarse sand and some rocks, while it was lowest at sampling site 3, composed of compact fine sand. Regardless of the type of substrate at the sampling sites, the mud-creeping snail Batillaria cumingii (Crosse, 1862) occurred at a high density, ranging from 324-468 ind./m 2. The luciniid bivalve Pillucina pisidium also occurred at a high density at sampling site 1, at 336 ind./m 2 , while the density of this species was only 4 ind./m 2 at sampling site 3. The Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum could be found at all 3 sampling sites with very low density ranging from 16-48 ind./m 2. The density and species richness of molluscs observed in this study was lower compared to the previously reported molluscan fauna in Jeju Island, suggesting that further investigation needs to be carried out to conserve the unique marine lagoon ecosystem in Jeju Island.
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The biogeography and diversity patterns of the marine bivalve molluscan fauna of the East Sea coast of South Korea are analyzed. The total species richness of the continental Korean bivalve fauna, excluding insular regions (Dok-do and... more
The biogeography and diversity patterns of the marine bivalve molluscan fauna of the East Sea coast of South
Korea are analyzed. The total species richness of the continental Korean bivalve fauna, excluding insular regions
(Dok-do and Ullung-do), is 304, and from north to south the species richness of bivalves increases showing a clear
gradient: Gangwon, 143 species → Gyeongbuk, 131 → Gyeongnam, 183. A zonal-geographical analysis of the
entire fauna shows that the great majority are warm-water mollusks, constituting 77% (subtropical, 37%,
tropical-subtropical, 30%, subtropical-boreal, 10%), The number of boreal (low-boreal, widely distributed boreal
and circumboreal) species is lower, 19%, whereas boreal-arctic mollusks have only 4%. This demonstrates that
the bivalve molluscan fauna of the eastern coast of Korea is subtropical, and has more affinities to the fauna of the
East China Sea than to the northern East Sea. Separate analysis by provinces shows the increasing role of
warm-water mollusks from north to south. While tropical-subtropical and subtropical species constitute 47% (68
species) in Gangwon, their dominance increases to 71% (93 species) in Gyeongbuk, and to 80% (148 species) in
Gyeongnam. The Gyeongnam bivalve fauna is the most diverse in species composition and has the largest
number of “endemics” (species known only from this province), 46%. The Gangwon fauna also contains many
“endemics”, up to 40%, while Gyeongbuk is an intermediate zone with low “endemicity”, only at one-fifth of the
regional fauna, and has the most species in common among the three provinces.
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