Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been extensively investigated in interdisciplinary research (such as ... more Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been extensively investigated in interdisciplinary research (such as catalysis, energy, environment, health, etc.) owing to its attractive physico-chemical properties, abundant nature, chemical/environmental stability, low-cost manufacturing, low toxicity, etc. Over time, TiO2-incorporated building/construction materials have been utilized for mitigating potential problems related to the environment and human health issues. However, there are challenges with regards to photocatalytic efficiency improvements, lab to industrial scaling up, and commercial product production. Several innovative approaches/strategies have been evolved towards TiO2 modification with the focus of improving its photocatalytic efficiency. Taking these aspects into consideration, research has focused on the utilization of many of these advanced TiO2 materials towards the development of construction materials such as concrete, mortar, pavements, paints, etc. This topical review focu...
Altitude occurrences of cirrus clouds, their base, mid, and top heights are identified by using a... more Altitude occurrences of cirrus clouds, their base, mid, and top heights are identified by using a powerful statistical approach called the Variance Centroid Method (VCM). This method is effective in determining the geometrical properties of cirrus clouds at a height range of 8 km to 20 km. This statistical method provides in-depth information on Generation Circulation Models (GCM’s) because of its significant role in the radiative balance of the earth’s atmosphere. The output related to geometrical and optical properties of cirrus clouds obtained from this statistical method for the years 2014 and 2015 are studied. Altitude distributions of base, mid, top, and thickness of tropical cirrus clouds are analyzed in terms of percentage occurrences. For the year 2014, it was found that 14.8%, 75.2%, and 9.9% of cirrus clouds were sub-visual, thin, and thick clouds and for the year 2015, 71.2% and 28.7% of cirrus clouds were found to be thin and thick clouds, and sub-visual types of clouds...
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been extensively investigated in interdisciplinary research (such as ... more Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been extensively investigated in interdisciplinary research (such as catalysis, energy, environment, health, etc.) owing to its attractive physico-chemical properties, abundant nature, chemical/environmental stability, low-cost manufacturing, low toxicity, etc. Over time, TiO2-incorporated building/construction materials have been utilized for mitigating potential problems related to the environment and human health issues. However, there are challenges with regards to photocatalytic efficiency improvements, lab to industrial scaling up, and commercial product production. Several innovative approaches/strategies have been evolved towards TiO2 modification with the focus of improving its photocatalytic efficiency. Taking these aspects into consideration, research has focused on the utilization of many of these advanced TiO2 materials towards the development of construction materials such as concrete, mortar, pavements, paints, etc. This topical review focu...
Altitude occurrences of cirrus clouds, their base, mid, and top heights are identified by using a... more Altitude occurrences of cirrus clouds, their base, mid, and top heights are identified by using a powerful statistical approach called the Variance Centroid Method (VCM). This method is effective in determining the geometrical properties of cirrus clouds at a height range of 8 km to 20 km. This statistical method provides in-depth information on Generation Circulation Models (GCM’s) because of its significant role in the radiative balance of the earth’s atmosphere. The output related to geometrical and optical properties of cirrus clouds obtained from this statistical method for the years 2014 and 2015 are studied. Altitude distributions of base, mid, top, and thickness of tropical cirrus clouds are analyzed in terms of percentage occurrences. For the year 2014, it was found that 14.8%, 75.2%, and 9.9% of cirrus clouds were sub-visual, thin, and thick clouds and for the year 2015, 71.2% and 28.7% of cirrus clouds were found to be thin and thick clouds, and sub-visual types of clouds...
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